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Le Passé Composé

The document discusses the passé composé tense in French. It is the equivalent of the present perfect tense in English and is used to talk about actions completed in the past. The passé composé is formed using an auxiliary verb (avoir or être) in the present tense plus the past participle of the main verb. Most verbs use avoir as the auxiliary verb, but some verbs of movement or change use être instead. The past participle agrees in gender and number with the subject or direct object of the sentence. Examples are provided to illustrate how to conjugate verbs in the passé composé and how to form the past participle of regular and irregular verbs. Time expressions that can be used with the passé composé

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115 views8 pages

Le Passé Composé

The document discusses the passé composé tense in French. It is the equivalent of the present perfect tense in English and is used to talk about actions completed in the past. The passé composé is formed using an auxiliary verb (avoir or être) in the present tense plus the past participle of the main verb. Most verbs use avoir as the auxiliary verb, but some verbs of movement or change use être instead. The past participle agrees in gender and number with the subject or direct object of the sentence. Examples are provided to illustrate how to conjugate verbs in the passé composé and how to form the past participle of regular and irregular verbs. Time expressions that can be used with the passé composé

Uploaded by

radha nagrani
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© © All Rights Reserved
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LE PASSÉ COMPOSÉ

 SIMPLE PAST/ PRESENT PERFECT TENSE IN ENGLISH


 TALKS ABOUT ACTIONS COMPLETED IN THE PAST
 When to use the passé composé in French
 We use the passé composé to talk about one-time,
completed actions that took place in the past. This
tense places the emphasis on the result or consequences
of the action.

EX:

 Hier, Michel a rangé son bureau.


( YESTERDAY,HE CLEANED HIS OFFICE)
(one-time action in the past)

 Il a décidé de ranger son bureau chaque semaine.


(HE DECIDED TO CLEAN HIS OFFICE EACH
WEEK)

I HAVE DECIDED TO DO SOMETHING


I DECIDED

(one-time past action with a connection to the present:


He doesn’t want to be so untidy anymore.)

 WE FORM PASSÉ COMPOSÉ SENTENCES WITH


2 AUXILLARY VERBS AND PAST PARTICIPLES
 2 AUXILLARY VERBS : AVOIR & ÊTRE

FORMATION OF A PC SENTENCE:

SUBJECT+ AVOIR/ ÊTRE (PRESENT TENSE) + PAST


PARTICIPLE + OBJ
FORMING THE PAST PARTICIPLE : (REGULA
VERBS)

-ER VERBS -IR VERBS -RE VERBS


PARLER- CUT FINIR- CUT R ATTENDRE-
ER OUT OF YOU GET A CUT ‘RE’
THE RADICAL YOU GET A
INFINITIVE,YO RADICAL
U GET A
RADICAL

PARL- ADD ‘É’ FINI - ATTEND- ADD


TO THE NOTHING TO ‘U’
RADICAL BE ADDED.
(E with aigu) YOU GET=
YOU GET= FINI ATTENDU
YOU GET=
PARLÉ

THIS IS A REGULAR FORMATION FOR 3 GROUPS


OF REGULAR VERBS.

EXAMPLES:
 Elle a expliqué son problème. (She explained her problem.)
 Ils ont réussi. (They succeeded.)
 J'ai entendu les nouvelles. (I heard the news.)
__________________________________________
________
 THERE ARE IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES ALSO,
THEY HAVE TO BE LEARNT BY HEART AS THEY
DON’T HAVE A PATTERN OF FORMATION.

IRREGULAR PAST PARTICIPLES

Infinitive Past ENGLISH


PARTICIPLES

découvrir découvert DISCOVERED

devoir dû HAD TO/OWED

dire dit SAID/TOLD

écrire écrit WROTE

être été BEEN/WAS

faire fait DID/MADE/DONE

avoir eu HAD

boire bu DRANK

comprendre compris UNDERSTOOD


conduire conduit DROVE

connaître connu KNEW

lire lu READ

mettre mis PUT

mourir mort DIED

naître né WAS BORN

offrir offert OFFERED

ouvrir ouvert OPENED

venir venu CAME


Prendre pris TOOK
Savoir su KNEW
vouloir Voulu WISHED/WANTED
voir vu SAW
PLEUVOIR plu RAINED
POUVOIR pu WAS ABLE TO
RECEVOIR reçu RECEIVED
CROIRE cru BELIEVED

 Most verbs go with avoir, however certain


verbs take only être.
DR.MRS VANDER TRAMP
 Devenir – to become –  devenu(e)(s)
 Revenir – to come back –  revenu(e)(s)
 Monter – to go up –  monté(e)(s)
 Rester – to stay – resté(e)(s)
 Sortir – to exit –  sorti(e)(s)
 Venir – to come –  venu(e)(s)
 Aller – to go –  allé(e)(s)
 Naître – to be born –  né(e)(s)
 Descendre – to descend –  descendu(e)(s)
 Entrer – to enter – entré(e)(s)
 Retourner – to return –  retourné(e)(s)
 Tomber – to fall –  tombé(e)(s)
 Rentrer – to re-enter –  rentré(e)(s)
 Arriver – to arrive –  arrivé(e)(s)
 Mourir – to die –  mort(e)(s)
 Partir – to leave –  parti(e)(s)

ALSO KNOWN AS MOVEMENT VERBS

Reflexive verbs are also used with être.

EXAMPLES:
1. Elles sont nées en 1997
2.Nous sommes entrés dans la classe
3.Je me suis brossé les dents à 7h
Agreement of the participe passé.

The participe passé has to agree in gender and number with


either the subject or the object of the sentence. This
agreement is necessary in the following situations:
 When a verb takes être as a helping verb the participle agrees
in gender and number with the subject.
EX:
Aller to go / alle-went
Il est allé dans son bureau.
Elle est allée dans son bureau.
Ils sont allés dans leurs bureaux.
Elles sont allées dans leurs bureaux.

Il a parle au professeur
Ils ont parle au professeur

Lets conjugate a verb with avoir

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIF
J’AI PARLÉ JE N’AI PAS PARLÉ
TU AS PARLÉ TU N’AS PAS PARLÉ
IL A PARLÉ IL N’A PAS PARLÉ
ELLE A PARLÉ ELLE N’A PAS PARLÉ
NOUS AVONS PARLÉ NOUS N’AVONS PAS
PARLÉ
VOUS AVEZ PARLÉ VOUS N’AVEZ PAS PARLÉ
ILS ONT PARLÉ ILS N’ONT PAS PARLÉ
ELLES ONT PARLÉ ELLES N’ONT PAS PARLÉ

WITH ÊTRE
AFF NEG
JE SUIS TOMBÉ (e) JE NE SUIS PAS TOMBÉ
(e)
TU ES TOMBÉ (E) TU N’ES PAS TOMBÉ (E)
IL EST TOMBÉ IL N’EST PAS TOMBÉ
ELLE EST TOMBÉE ELLE N’EST PAS
TOMBÉE
NOUS SOMMES NOUS NE SOMMES PAS
TOMBÉS (ES) TOMBÉS (ES)
VOUS ÊTES TOMBÉ (s) VOUS N’ ÊTES PAS
(e) (ES) TOMBÉ (s) (e) (ES)
ILS SONT TOMBÉS ILS NE SONT Pas
TOMBÉS
ELLES SONT TOMBÉES ELLES ne SONT pas
TOMBÉES

Hier- yesterday
Avant- hier- day before yesterday
Le Mois dernier- last month
La Semaine dernière- last week
Il y a- ago

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