LINEAR PROGRAMMING, GRAPHICAL METHOD, MINIMIZATION CASE

CASE: Yummy Food Company

#P38PA

Yummy Food Company is producing cheeese, butter and cream using a mixture of Milkyway Milk
and Galaxy Milk as main ingredients. A gallon of Milkyway Milk is needed to produce 5 cases of
cheese, 7 cases of butter, and 9 cases of cream. On the one hand, a gallon of Galaxy Milk in needed
to produce 10 cases of cheese, 8 cases of butter, and 4 cases of cream. Yummy must produce at
least 100 cases of cheese, 112 cases of butter, and 72 cases of cream per day. Milkyway costs P500
per gallon while Galaxy costs P600 per gallon. How many gallon of Milkyway and Galaxy should
Yummy purchase per day to minimize cost?

Data Tabulation:
# of case/gallon # of
Products Milkyway (x) Galaxy (y) cases/day
Cheese 5 10 ≥ 100
Butter 7 8 ≥ 112
Cream 9 4 ≥ 72
Cost/gallon 500 600 = Minimize

Objective function:
Minimize: C = 500x + 600y

Constraints:
Subject to: 5x + 10y ≥ 100 5x + 10y = 100
7x +8y ≥ 112 7x +8y = 112
9x + 4y ≥ 72 9x + 4y = 72
x+y ≥ 0

Tabulate the intercepts of constraints (optional):

x y
x 20 0 5x + 10y = 100 5x + 10y = 100
y 0 10 5x + 0 = 100 0 + 10y = 100
x = 20 y = 10
 x y
x 16 0 7x +8y = 112 7x +8y = 112
y 0 14 7x + 0 = 112 0 + 8y = 112
x = 16 y = 14

x y
x 8 0 9x + 4y = 72 9x + 4y = 72
y 0 18 9x + 0 = 72 0 + 4y = 72
x = 8 y = 18
Graph:

y 1st 20,10
20 2nd 16,14
18 V1 (0, 18) 3rd 8,18

16 Solve for V2
5x + 10y >= 100 Eq. 2 7x +8y =
14
7x +8y >= 112 Eq. 3 9x + 4y =
12 V2 (3, 11)
9x + 4y >= 72
10

6 V3 (11, 5)

2 V4 (20, 0) Solve for V3

x
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 Eq. 1 5x + 10y =
Eq. 2 7x +8y =
Decision:

Vertices 500x + 600y Cost

V1 (0,18) - + 10,800 = 10,800
V2 (2.909, 11.455) 1,455 + 6,873 = 8,328
V3 (10.667, 4.667) 5,333 + 2,800 = 8,133 Optimum solution (11 Milkyway, 5 Galaxy)
V4 (20,0) 10,000 + - = 10,000

EXCEL SOLVER (alternative Format)

Decision variables 10.667 4.667

Cost 500 600 8,133

Constraints: 1 5 10 ≥ 100 100

2 7 8 ≥ 112 112
3 9 4 ≥ 115 72

5 10
7 8
9 4
112 7.00 x + 8.00 y = 112.00 0.777778
72 7.00 x + 3.11 y = 56.00
- + 4.89 y = 56.00
y= 11.45
Substitute for y:
7.00 x = 8.00 y = 112.00
7.00 x = 91.64 = 112.00
7.00 x = 20.36
x= 2.91

100 5.00 x + 10.00 y = 100.00 0.714286

112 5.00 x + 5.71 y = 80.00
- + 4.29 y = 20.00
y= 4.67
Substitute for y:
 5.00 x + 10.00 y = 100.00
5.00 x + 46.67 = 100.00
x= 10.67

ution (11 Milkyway, 5 Galaxy)

SOLVER
Variables C=
x 10.666667 500
y 4.6666667 600

Objective:
Minimize 8,133.33
5x + 10y >= 100
Costraints LHS Ineq. RHS 7x +8y >= 112
1 100 >= 100 9x + 4y >= 72
2 112 >= 112 x+y >= 0
3 114.6667 >= 72
4 10.66667 >= 0 x y
5 4.666667 >= 0 1 5 10 >= 100
2 7 8 >= 112
3 9 4 >= 72
4 1 0 >= 0
5 0 1 >= 0
TRY THIS!
CASE: ECO-FERTILIZER ENTERPRISES
#P37PD

The Eco-Fertilizer Enterprises operates two separate plants, one in Abucay

and another one in Bulusan, all in Capaz town. In a week, Abucay plant
makes at most 30 tons of fertilizer and Bulusan plant, 40 tons.

The company desires to produce a total of at least 50 tons of fertilizer per

week.

Meanwhile, the amount of particulate matter in the atmosphere over Capaz

town is measured weekly and found out to be 20 pounds for each ton of X Y
product produced in Abucay plant and 30 pounds in Bulusan plant. 30 20 1,200

Requirement: How many tons should be produced weekly in each plant to

minimize the total amount of particulate matter in the atmosphere?

SOLUTION
Data Tabulation:
Output (in tons)
Abucay Bulusan
Plant(x) Plant (y) Total
Combined weekly
output (in tons) by x
&y 1 1 ≥ 50
Abucay Plant(x) 1 ≤ 30
Bulusan Plant (y) 1 ≤ 40
Particulate (in
pound) 20 30 = Minimize

20 30 50

Objective function:
Minimize: P = 20x + 30y
Constraints:
Subject to x+y ≥ 50 x+y = 50
x ≤ 30 x = 30
y ≤ 40 y = 40
x ≥ 0
y ≥ 0

Tabulate the intercepts of constraints (optional):

x y
x 50 0 x+y = 50 x + y = 50
y 0 50 x+0 = 50 0 + y = 50
x = 50 y = 50

x
x 30 x = 30

y
y 40 y = 40

Graph

y <= 40
60 x + y >= 50
x
Feasible region x 50
50 y 0
V1 (10,40)
40 x 30
V2 (30, 40)
y
30 x <= 30

V3 (30, 20)
20 x+y ≥ 50
x ≤ 30
10
x
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
 30 x <= 30

V3 (30, 20)
20

10 y ≤ 40
x
10 20 30 40 50 60 70

Finding the optimal solution

Min. 20 30
Vertices
V1 (10,40) 200 1200 = 1,400
V2 (30, 40) 600 1200 = 1,800
V3 (30, 20) 600 600 = 1,200 OPTIMUM SOLUTION

CHECK using SOLVER (Alternative Format) EXCEL SOLVER

x y Variables:
Products (in ton) to be
produced per week (Decision
Variables) 30 20 x 30
Particulate Matter (in pounds) 20 30 1,200 y 20

Constraints: Objectives:
(1) 1 1 >= 50 50 Minimize 1200
(2) 1 <= 30 30
(3) 1 <= 20 40 Constraints:
LDS
1 50
2 30
3 20
4 30
5 20
 y
0
50

40
 Particulate

20
30

Minimize: P = 20x + 30y

x+y ≥ 50
Inequalities RHS x ≤ 30
≥ 50 y ≤ 40
≤ 30 x ≥ 0
≤ 40 y ≥ 0
≥ 0
≥ 0 x y
1 1
1 0
0 1