Tamanash Barman

JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA
KALAPATHAR, BANKURA - 700146, (W/B)
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT
PHYSIO-CHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF
FACE WASH
SUBMITTED BY:
Guided By:
BIDISH RANJAN DAS
Dr. Jamshed Ali CLASS: XII, B
ROLL NO. ____________
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this “chemistry
investigatory project” on the topic
“physio-chemical analysis of face wash”
has been successfuly completed by
BIDISH RANJAN DAS of class XII, B,
Roll no. ____________ , a under
guidance of Dr. JAMSHED ALI in
particular fulfillment of the curriculum
of Central Board of Secondary
Education (CBSE) leading to the annual
examination of the year 2022 - 2023
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I have taken efforts in this project. However it would not
have been possible without the kind support and help of
many individuals.
I would like to thank my principle, Mr. S. M. Shegaokar

and school for providing me with facilities required to do
my project.
I am highly indebted to my chemistry teacher, Dr.

Jamshed Ali for his invaluable guidance which has
sustained my efforts in all the stages of this project.
My thanks and appreciations also go to my fellow

classmates in developing the project and to the people
who have willingly helped me out of their abilities.
INDEX
1. Certificate
2. Acknowledgement
3. Abstract
4.Objective
5. Theory
6. Materials used
7. Method
8. Observation
9. Result
10. Conclusion
11. Bibliography
ABSTRACT
Cleaning skin regularly is important to keep up its
fundamental well being and beauty. Skin secretes
natural oils which might get disrupted by regular
use of soap. Additionally, the surface of the skin is
slightly acidic giving rise to the concept of acid
mantle. Studies have shown that pH of skin
increases in proportion to the pH of the cleanser
used. Increase in pH causes an increase in
dehydrative effect, irritability and propionibacterial
count. Changes in the pH are reported to play a role
in the pathogenesis of some skin diseases.
Therefore the use of skin cleansing agents with a pH
of about 5.5 may be of relevence in the prevention
and treatment of those skin diseases. The face wash
is specially designed for this. But, unfortunately pH
is not mentioned on the label of many face wash
products.
OBJECTIVE
Objective of this work is to find quality
of face wash which are available in local
market and study their physical and
chemical properties. Different methods
are used for this i.e. pH values, dirt
dispersity, wetting property, foaming
index, total solid content and their
smell.
THEORY
Skin is the sensory organ as well as largest organ of our body.
It has many functions which include protection of muscles
and other internal organs from external physical and
chemical factors, prevention of excess water loss and also
management of temperature of the body. Many changes in
the body occur during the puberty in both males and females
because of hormonal changes. Among various changes in
hormones acne vulgaris is the common skin disorder in
which overgrowth of bacteria propionibacterium acnes and
staphylococcus epidermidis takes place and inflammation
occurs. This situation is mainly developed during the time of
puberty and for reducing the condition of acne vulgaris
various types of synthetic drugs such as clindamycin, anti
acne face wash and gel has been developed. Generally
facewash is used for removing dirt, oil and provide moisture
to the dry skin. It is the products which are commonly used
for cleaning of face without dehydration of skin. It is also
known as ‘cleanser’. Face wash products are to be good for all
type of skins.
Forms of face wash
1. Liquid based face wash
2. Cream based face wash
3. Face wash in powder form
4. Gel based face wash
MATERIALS
USED
Water
Beaker
Different brands of face wash
Electronic weighing machine
Graduated cylinder
Electronic pH meter
Cotton
Ink and dropper
Hot plate
METHOD
1. pH:-
firstly we prepared 1% (w/V) solution of face wash and
took it in a separate beaker for determining its pH or
hydrogen ion concentration. Electrode of the pH meter
was dipped in the solution and its pH is measured at room
temperature. pH of all samples were measured 3 times
and its average was noted down as the final result. This
process was repeated for all face wash brands.
2. Foaming capacity:-
Firstly we prepared 1% (w/V) of 50ml solution of face
wash, kept in a graduated cylinder and shaked it well 10
times. The total volume of foam content after 1 minute of
shaken was recorded as the height of the foam generated
immediately. The foam with the solution was kept
undisturbed for 10 minutes and later the height of the
foam was again measured. This was done to determine
foam stability. Same process was reapeted for all face
wash brands.
3. Dirt dispersion:-
Firstly we prepared 1% (w/V) solution of sample of each face wash
brand (500mg sample in 50ml of water) and added two drops of ink
to each. The solutions were taken in a measuring cylinder and
shaken 10 times. The higher the concentration of ink in the foam,
the poorer will be the quality of face wash. We observed the portion
of ink in the foam and in the remaining solution.
4. Wetting time:-
For determining wetting time of the samples (i.e. the time taken by
a solution of the sample to wet a substance like cotton) we took
cotton and cut out identical circular pieces of 3cm diameter out of it.
Then, we prepared 1% (w/V) solution of each sample, took them in
different beakers, and placed one cotton piece on top of each
solution. The cotton discs waere floated on the surface of solutions
and the stop watch was started. The time taken by the cotton discs to
sink were recorded accurately and noted as the wetting time. The
lower the time required for sinking, the greater the wetting
efficiency.
5. Smell:-
We determined smell by using two procedures one is by heating
sample on hot plate and taking smell. Second is by inhaling direct
sample at room temperature by different persons.
OBSERVATION
Samples Sample name
SF-1
SF-2
SF-3
SF-4
RESULT
S. No. Parameters SF-1 SF-2 SF-3 SF-4
1. pH 8-9 7-8 7-8 7-8
2. Foaming index 1.2 1.2 2.2 4.3
3. Wetting time (sec.) 6.74 42.45 56.00 5.77
4. Dirt dispersion Better Best Good Poor

Very
5. Smell Strong Fair Fair
strong
Conclusion
1. pH:- the samples SF-1, SF-2 & SF-3 evaluated in this work were
found to have pH in the range 7 to 8 but the sample SF-1 has pH
in the range 8 to 9 but nearer to 8. If pH is high, then it may be
very harmful for the face. pH is a major issue for enhancing the
quality of face wash.
2. Foaming capacity:- The samples SF-1 and SF-2 has same

foaming capacity equal to 1.2, SF-3 has slightly high value of 2.2
and SF-4 has quite higher value of 4.3.
3. Dirt dispersion:- sample which has ink concentrated in foam

will be of poor quality and should have low cleaning quality. So,
(SF-2) > (SF-1) > (SF-3) > (SF-4) are in decreasing order of their
cleaning quality.
4. Wetting time:- wetting is an important parameter for good

quality of any face wash. Samples (SF-4) > (SF-1) > (SF-2) > (SF-3)
are in decreasing order of their wetting quality.
5.Smell:- the experience of smell of face wash varies from person

to person. But, in terms of strongness of the smell SF-1 has
strongest smell.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Websites:
❖ https://labmuffin.com
❖ https://skinkraft.com
❖ https://cosmetics.specialchem.com
❖ https://www.jetir.org
❖ https://www.cosmticsandtoiletries.com
Books:
❖ Comprehensive chemistry practical book

class 12
❖ Pradeep reference guide for chemistry
class 12

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JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA

KALAPATHAR, BANKURA - 700146, (W/B)

CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

I would like to thank my principle, Mr. S. M. Shegaokar

I am highly indebted to my chemistry teacher, Dr.

My thanks and appreciations also go to my fellow

2. Foaming index 1.2 1.2 2.2 4.3

3. Wetting time (sec.) 6.74 42.45 56.00 5.77

4. Dirt dispersion Better Best Good Poor

2. Foaming capacity:- The samples SF-1 and SF-2 has same

3. Dirt dispersion:- sample which has ink concentrated in foam

4. Wetting time:- wetting is an important parameter for good

5.Smell:- the experience of smell of face wash varies from person

❖ Comprehensive chemistry practical book

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