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    Exp 1 Physical Properties

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    Nurul Nabilah Binti Nordin
    This laboratory report examines the particle size distribution of smooth and coarse peanut butter. Experiments were conducted to determine the volume, surface area, and number distributions of each peanut butter type using a particle size analyzer. The results showed significant differences between smooth and coarse peanut butter across all distribution dimensions. For example, smooth peanut butter had a higher percentage volume density but a lower specific surface area compared to coarse peanut butter. The report discusses sources of error and conclusions drawn about how particle size influences properties like reaction rates in foods.

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    Exp 1 Physical Properties

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Nabilah Binti Nordin
    203 views7 pages
    This laboratory report examines the particle size distribution of smooth and coarse peanut butter. Experiments were conducted to determine the volume, surface area, and number distributions of each peanut butter type using a particle size analyzer. The results showed significant differences between smooth and coarse peanut butter across all distribution dimensions. For example, smooth peanut butter had a higher percentage volume density but a lower specific surface area compared to coarse peanut butter. The report discusses sources of error and conclusions drawn about how particle size influences properties like reaction rates in foods.

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    This laboratory report examines the particle size distribution of smooth and coarse peanut butter. Experiments were conducted to determine the volume, surface area, and number distributions of each peanut butter type using a particle size analyzer. The results showed significant differences between smooth and coarse peanut butter across all distribution dimensions. For example, smooth peanut butter had a higher percentage volume density but a lower specific surface area compared to coarse peanut butter. The report discusses sources of error and conclusions drawn about how particle size influences properties like reaction rates in foods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    203 views7 pages

    Exp 1 Physical Properties

    Uploaded by

    Nurul Nabilah Binti Nordin
    This laboratory report examines the particle size distribution of smooth and coarse peanut butter. Experiments were conducted to determine the volume, surface area, and number distributions of each peanut butter type using a particle size analyzer. The results showed significant differences between smooth and coarse peanut butter across all distribution dimensions. For example, smooth peanut butter had a higher percentage volume density but a lower specific surface area compared to coarse peanut butter. The report discusses sources of error and conclusions drawn about how particle size influences properties like reaction rates in foods.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

    BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (FOOD TECHNOLOGY) WITH HONOURS

    SEMESTER 1
    SESSION 2022/2023

    BWD21203
    FOOD CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
    SECTION 2

    LABORATORY REPORT

    EXPERIMENT 1
    PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION

    DATE OF EXPERIMENT : 08/11/2022

    DATE OF SUBMISSION : 15/11/2022


    GROUP MEMBERS

    NURUL IZZAH NURUL NABILAH DIVYA DHARSHINI


    BINTI AHMAD FADZILAH BINTI NORDIN A/P ELANGO
    AW210161 AW210053 CW210048

    ZAWANAH
    NURUL KAHIRUNNISA’ HANIS BINTI
    BINTI AZMAN
    RAMLI
    AW210092
    AW210147

    WORK DISTRIBUTION

    TASK NAME

    FRONT PAGE & TASK DIVISION NURUL IZZAH

    FLOW CHART (METHODOLOGY) ZAWANAH

    RESULTS KAHIRUNNISA’

    DISCUSSION & REFERENCES NURUL NABILAH

    CONCLUSION DIVYA DHARSHINI


    FLOW CHART OF THE METHODOLOGY
    RESULTS

    Smooth Peanut Butter


    Volume Distribution

    The range size classes of smooth peanut butter is between 0.82 µm until 62.76 µm.
    The range of volume density of smooth peanut butter is between 0.0000164% until 0.0000394%.
    The highest volume density of smooth peanut butter is 9.44% with size class 17.51 µm.

    Surface Area Distribution

    The range size classes of smooth peanut butter is between 0.82 µm until 62.76 µm.
    The range surface area density of smooth peanut butter is between 0.000174% until 0.00000703%.
    The highest surface area density of smooth peanut butter is 6.72% with size class 9.25 µm.

    Number Distribution

    The range size classes of smooth peanut butter is between 0.82 µm until 62.76 µm.
    The range of number density of smooth peanut butter is between 0.003% until 0.0000000335%.
    The highest number density of smooth peanut butter is 14.67% with size class 1.55 µm.
    Coarse Peanut Butter
    Volume Distribution

    The range size classes of coarse peanut butter is between 1.20 µm until 104.58 µm.
    The range of volume density of coarse peanut butter is between 0.00016% until 0.0000213%.
    The highest volume density of coarse peanut butter is 7.72% with size class 17.51 µm.

    Surface Area Distribution

    The range size classes of coarse peanut butter is between 1.20 µm until 104.58 µm.
    The range surface area density of coarse peanut butter is between 0.00107% until 0.00000207%.
    The highest surface area density of coarse peanut butter is 7.30% with size class 4.89 µm.

    Number Distribution

    The range size classes of coarse peanut butter is between 1.20 µm until 104.58 µm.
    The range of number density of coarse peanut butter is between 0.0102% until 0.00000000431%.
    The highest number density of coarse peanut butter is 14.62% with size class 2.27 µm.
    DISCUSSION

    This experiment determined the particle size distribution of smooth and coarse peanut butter.
    Firstly, experimental value specific surface area of smooth peanut butter and coarse peanut butter are
    609.2 m^2/kg and 670.3 m^2/kg respectively. Specific surface area is called the area of solid surface per
    unit mass of material. Theoretical value showed that the specific surface area of smooth peanut butter is
    higher than coarse peanut butter. But then, value specific surface area showed the opposite result which is
    that smooth peanut butter is lower than coarse peanut butter. The range size classes of smooth peanut
    butter is between 0.82 µm until 62.76 µm while range size classes of coarse peanut butter is between 1.20
    µm until 104.58 µm.
    Next, volume distribution.Volume density is defined as the amount of a quantity (often mass) per
    unit volume. The highest percentage volume density of smooth peanut butter (9.44%) is in particle size
    class 17.51 µm. Beside that, the highest percentage volume density of coarse peanut butter (7.72%) is in
    particle size class 17.51µm. The experimental result showed the percentage volume density of smooth
    peanut butter is higher than coarse peanut butter besides theoretically stating the higher particle size, the
    higher volume distribution.
    Other than that, surface density is a quantity per unit area distributed over a surface which is
    shown in the experiment that the highest percentage surface area density of smooth butter (6.72%) is in
    particle size class 9.25 µm. Besides that, the highest surface area density of coarse peanut butter
    (14.62%) is in particle size class 2.27 µm. This experimental result linked to the theoretical result which
    stated that the surface area particles increase due to the decreasing particle size.
    Lastly, the comparison on smooth and coarse peanut butter percentage number density against
    particle size class. The highest percentage number density and particle size class of smooth peanut butter
    are 14.67% and 1.55µm respectively while the highest percentage number density and particle size of
    coarse peanut butter are 14.62% and 2.27µm respectively.
    There are some errors in this experiment which are peanut butter weighing is not accurately 0.1g as the
    instruction and places eyes perpendicular to the calibrated final reading of ethanol. The precaution can be
    taken with accurately weighing 0.1g smooth and coarse peanut butter and putting the measuring cylinder
    on the flat surface to get the accurate final reading.

    CONCLUSION
    Peanut butter was usually made by two grinding operations. The first reduces the nuts to a medium grind
    and the second to a fine, smooth texture. The particle diameter and size distributions of peanut butter were
    measured using a particle size analyzer. There were significant differences between coarse and fine peanut
    butter. It can be seen from different dimensions like volume distribution, surface area distribution and
    number of distributions. Moreover the concentration of peanut butter was also not the same where the
    coarse peanut concentration was 0.00009% and 0.00003% for the smooth texture peanut butter. When it
    comes to solids, the surface area of the particle is critical in determining the rate of chemical reaction.
    Chemical reactions are far more likely to occur in fine particles than otherwise. Overall, the size of
    particles can have direct correlation with a customer’s perception of a product and this is particularly true
    in the case of food products in which particle size can impact the enjoyment of the product.
    REFERENCES
    Asante, Samuel & Olawuyi, Babatunde. (2016). PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION METHODS AS
    ADOPTED FOR DIFFERENT MATERIALS.
    Chhetri, Khadka. (2013). Computation of Errors and Their Analysis on Physics Experiments. Himalayan
    Physics. 3. 78. 10.3126/hj.v3i0.7312.
    Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology. (n.d.-b). Laboratory Manual Physical Properties
    Of Food : Experiment 1 (SESSION 2022/2023 ed.). UTHM

    Klobes, P., Meyer, K., & Munro, R. G. (2006). Porosity and specific surface area measurements for solid
    materials. U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Institute of Standards
    and Technology.

    Wolfrom, R. L. (2013). Particle dispersion for size analysis - Particle Technology Labs. Specifics on
    Surface Area. Retrieved November 12, 2022, from
    https://particletechlabs.com/images/articles/updated/Particle_Dispersion_For_Size_Analysis.pdf

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