Math 8 Q2 Week 4
Math 8 Q2 Week 4
Department of Education
National Capital Region
Schools Division Office – Caloocan City
MATHEMATICS 8
Quarter 2 Week 4
Module
MATH 8
Competencies:
The learner finds the domain and range of a function (M8AL-IId-1), and graphs and illustrates a linear function and its
(a) domain; (b) range; (c) table of values; (d) intercepts; and (e) slope. (M8AL-IId-2)
To The Learners:
Before you start to answer this module, free yourself from unnecessary disturbance so that you will be able to focus on
the lesson. Try to follow the following instructions.
Expectations
This module was designed to help you master on how to determine the inverse, converse and contrapositive of an if-
then statement.
Pre-test
LOOKING BACK
Last quarter, you studied about linear equations. One of the forms of linear equation is called
the slope intercept form, y = mx + b, where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept.
The equation for the line on the left is y = 2x + 1. The slope is 2 and the y-intercept is 3.
You also studied function notation(x) being the output and x as the input.
For this week, you are going to study a specific kind of function which is
already familiar to you. It is called Linear Function
You also have studied about relations and the different ways to illustrate it. It can be:
1. set of ordered pairs: {(-1,0), (0, 1), (1, 2), (2, 3)}
2. Table: 3. Mapping
x -1 0 1 2
y 0 1 2 3 -1 3
4. Graph: 0 4
1 5
2 6
5. Rule: y = x +1
INTRODUCTION
In (a), arrow heads indicate that the graph of the function extends in both
directions. It extends to the left and right without bound; thus, the domain D
of the function is the set of real numbers. Similarly, it extends upward and
downward without bound; thus, the range R of function is the set of all real
numbers. In symbols,
In (b), arrow heads indicate that the graph of the function is extended to the
left and right without bound, and downward, but not upward, without bound.
Thus, the domain of the function is the set of real numbers, while the range is
any real number less than or equal to 0. That is,
LINEAR FUNCTION
Example 1
Is the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 + 5 a linear function? Determine the degree, the slope and the y-intercept.
Solution:
Yes, the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 5 is a linear function since the degree of x is one and it is written in the form of
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏. The slope is 3 and the y-intercept is -5.
Example 2
Is the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 3 a linear function? Determine the degree, the slope and the y-intercept
Solution:
No, the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 3 is not a linear function since the degree of x is two which violates the definition
of linear function. Since it is not a linear function, the slope of the given function cannot be determined the y-intercept
is 3.
Solution:
There are two ways to identify the domain. First, is by assigning different values to x. These values may consist of
subsets of real numbers which are zero, positive and negative integers, non-integers, fractions, and irrational numbers.
If ALL of your assumed values of x results to only one value for the function, then the domain is the set of real
numbers.
1
Assume x = {0, 1, -1, , −0.5, √2}
2
If the graph travels from left to right, that simply means the Domain of the Function has positive and negative
integers, zero, decimals and negative decimals (a.k.a. non-integers), and irrational numbers. Take note, the numbers
mentioned earlier are all the subsets present in the set of Real Numbers. Therefore 𝐷 = {𝑥 | 𝑥 ∈ ℜ}
Same goes for the Range, if the line inclined or declined (upward or downward), but not straight vertical that means
the range has the set of Real Numbers.
NOTE: Since the first method is
In symbols 𝑅 = {𝑦 |𝑦 ∈ ℜ} quite long, we advise you to use the
2nd method
REPRESENTING LINEAR FUNCTIONS
Since Linear Functions are also a relation, we can represent it using as set of ordered pairs and a table.
Example 1
Determine the values of the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 6𝑥 + 2 if 𝑥 = −1, 0 , 1.
Solution:
Example 2
Graph the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 2 using its intercepts.
Solution:
In order for you to graph 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 2, identify first the y-intercept and the x- intercept. In this example, 𝑏 =
−2, and we are going to compute for the x - intercept.
To get the x - intercept substitute 0 to 𝑓(𝑥). 𝑓(𝑥) = 3𝑥 − 2 becomes:
0 = 3𝑥 − 2 set 𝑓(𝑥) to 0
2 = 3𝑥 addition property of equality
2 3𝑥
= multiplication property of equality
3 3
2
= 𝑥 final answer
3
So we have 𝑏 = −2, and 𝑎 = 2/3.
f(x) = 3x -2
A linear function is in the form of f(x) = mx + b where m is the slope and b is the y- intercept. You can graph a
function using these two parts.
Note: The slope (m) is the steepness of the line. You get these by getting the rise/run or the change in y over the
change in x.
Example 1
Graph 𝑓(𝑥) = 9𝑥 − 2 using its slope and y - intercept
Solution:
In order for you to graph (𝑥) = 9𝑥 − 2 , identify 𝑚 and b first.
𝑚 = 9 and 𝑏 = −2
Plot the y-intercept -2, and then go 9 units up and 1 unit to the right
for the next point.
f(x) = 9x -2
𝟐𝒙
𝒇(𝒙) = +𝟑1
ACTIVITIES 𝟑
ACTIVITY 1.1 Write LF if the following is an example of Linear Function and NLF if it is not an
example of a Linear Function
1. 𝑓(𝑥) = 6𝑥 − 4
Domain: _____________________
Range: _______________________
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 8
Domain: _____________________
Range: _______________________
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = 9
Domain: _____________________
Range: _______________________ 5.
Domain: _____________________
Range: _______________________
4.
Domain: _____________________
Range: _______________________
MATH 8 QUARTER 2 WEEK 4 Page 8 | 10
ACTIVITY 1.3 GRAPH ME!
3𝑥
1. 𝑓(𝑥) = +3
4
𝑥
2. 𝑓(𝑥) = +1
2
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 2
−2𝑥
4. 𝑓(𝑥) = +2
3
−4𝑥
5. 𝑓(𝑥) = +4
5
REMEMBER
A linear function is a function that can be written in the form of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏. The exponent of the
variable x should be 1 to be considered as a linear function.
The domain of a linear function is always the set of all real numbers. The range of a linear function is also a
set of all real number except for the constant function wherein the range is equal to the y-intercept.
The Domain of a Function is the set of Real Numbers if the graph extends left to right. The Range of the
Function is the set of Real Numbers if the graph inclines or declines, but not straight vertical.
A linear function can be represented using a set of ordered pairs, a table and a graph just like a mere relation.
You can graph a linear function using any two points that satisfies the function. You can also graph a linear
function using its intercepts and also using the slope and its y-intercept.
A. Determine whether each is a linear function or not. Check Yes if it is a linear function and No if it is not.
Write the degree of the function. For linear functions, identify its slope m and y-intercept b.
REFERENCE
“Linear Equations.” Accessed June 28, 2020.
https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/linear-equations.html.
Abuzo, Emannuel et.al. Mathematics - Grade 8 Learners Module. Edited by Maxima Acelajado and Socorro Pilor.
First Edition. Department of Education, 2013.
SOURCES
[An image of a notebook with domain and range pasted on it](2013)Retrieved from
https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/-
C7sANp99ojk/URa_4dP23bI/AAAAAAAAAF0/26VGSgnYT1Y/s960/Photo%252520Feb%2525209%25252C%252
5202013%25252C%2525203%25253A00%252520PM.jpg
ADDITIONAL SOURCES
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Uc62CuQjc4&t=118s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=52tpYl2tTqk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MXV65i9g1Xg
MATH 8 QUARTER 2 WEEK 4 Page 10 | 10