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14 - Design of Beams Part 1

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محمد بن حمود القحطاني
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131 views58 pages

14 - Design of Beams Part 1

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محمد بن حمود القحطاني
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Re-td4 i) Compression Members 2 1.4265 610 New: StB7 Minox S100 Fy = | aap oe. | 7500 A max. > 190 cell Ge Ol dye 5 Allowable Stress I tije0 ge Gl gd wY HY Spd SUL. Go Jil gx eal UL. 43 Allowable Stress J) al wings Beams I Allowable Stress J! GU bedall Ue 43 Buckling JI shed) ooyes Section JI gs g25 2 Y% Buckling J) gle lal @® jeg » Beams |) Allowable Stress II jaicd galts A) 5 + Guess Lule G22? Fy wou »dilowable Bending StressJl flan yBuckling JI 1-Local Buckling 2- Lateral Torsional Buckling BeIL ag glade yah LI Stes (X) gee Joe Liesl pyjed Leyeall Spl shail Lay gpeme Slolag! 9 AhU Ly eye Glolast My Focx fj. — Fryex hdc) gd ty cpanel Ge gleT oA) ob & cpeuall oleae UI gh Lolo 9 val) ygslice (BZN gla Ficy => Allowable bending stress in compression Fyiy > Allowable bending stress in Tension dbl) slo! Li leem (X) oye oe UBlad) SLUM UL 4s UY 5 4s Gpenall alas YI) Aueud Ijlee UL) ode i GSaall go oe oksT al due Lt Fy 2 Fyexy oe Ue @ 1— Local Buckling 2 GIS LeU Loyd Ua pULHl G4 jel Buckling dgim olice » [T-1 pods BS) plas sles! gle ade, Buckling JI ge gl lie GU UY 5 gag Elst BY yl Local Buckling Y les SleLbill aaa a- Compact Sections fys8o GUL 9 abe Lew jLE Lad plo JS sb oS Al Slob us 5 papell Bly ge CUA 9 U Local Buckling S5a- call b+ 5 535 gla! alae! 5oSb gl) Bp) lB JS Ls Gf GSeall Qe GP aes 3,-GI! ple atgull Ope Plastic Moment Jk bye, Ls gs 5 My Jl ge 5 lod OF BSall ty a aE x . Local Buckling JI 2 s1> Fy = Soa pUadl lis aod 3505 gS Nal» |_J aJAllowable Bending Stress J! 55% » Fl cas [Fuc= 0.64 F., For St.37 (> Fyp= 1.536 t/c’ a a F, b-— Non—Compact Sections AL 5 Las pa Sey Bjlbe las ple JS Job geQ Al Ole! we 4 eels hall papell B4L3 ge LY 4 U Local Buckling dyin jSeall i eh cll bes Gl ge pagel olesl gb LHS g LLM! Gyo! LS of aes al Gyosls 545 Local Buckling Sys O54: Fy gag slegl F . Yield Moment Jb de Laat JST gp LLR Mie Joes 843 5S Lal 5 = - Compact Sections Ji Fyc= 0.58 F,| For St.37 > Fyo= 1.40 t/em? C- Slender Sections PUL 9 bap ga ASevay Ay lbe Lad ple JS ok Goh ll OleUall ya 5 aed By gle B85all papell dol ge cL » UU Local Buckling Say Bote oo: By 32 9 vlez! gail Joos pela s plbdl) LIS g+ hay yal - Local Buckling gle ase y abla) garg! Ge UBT gUndll Me aod dyad ge Mal 5 - Sat) Local Buckling J\ wey Lyd neil geil! de pot Spey Compact Sections th jy: Gopi BAS ples of pepall Me 43 Gaal 5 . Non-Compact SectionsJI , SB y CULE! obegl cole acted g Que sill Ge Le Gy AU) ph og ed aes y . Welded J) g Rolled J las y SLUM! 5 gue Lady Rolled Sections’ weds sje LAS 25 all SUEUR) Lis ob bob ie ' tf) ie it go~ Cte 27) me 0.4by Hdw=h—2(tytr) => Non—Compact > Slender —> Compact <> Non-Compact => Slender Welded Sections de) gb oe Bd A SLeLLE! yo petk lees ge Plates = (b¢—tw —23) 2 #0= #dy=h —2(tyts) 1 om gs SI) obs) Sad) For Flange 15.3 < 15:3 — Compact WFy - 2 < => Non—Compact Wy 2 24 > 2L & Slender ee = Sle < 127 = Compact VFy fe ¥ oye <=> Non-Compact 190 > <> Slender VFy For St.37 Code pages 9,10,1f, > F, =2.40 t fem? and 12 Table (21a} Maximum Width to Thickness Ratios for Stiffened Compression Elements perpencicular to axis of bending) {@) Webs: (Internal elements 2Non-Compact ‘Shess sierhuton “pelement, 2 F, in there Allowable Stresses Table (2th) Maximum Width to Thickness Reti Compression Elements {b) Interal Flange Slements (lnierl elements paralel ta ants of bending) 4 jos for Stittened b 2 Noa Compact Stes diseiaaton mekement aross section Fin vor Aliewable Staessen 10 Table (2.1c) Maximum Width to Thickness Ratios for Unstiffened Compression Elements 1.Compact_ Stress distribution inelement. 2.Noa-Gompact Stress distribution in clement. Roled Welded Fork,, see fables 23824 ___—_—+ atiene Fi ter Allon-able Stresses 44 Gale Slbsab Flange JI y Web Jl + IS Os gl ,¥ Compact ple! 45% A ¢ Non—Compact Lasts laa) oya9 UL y5 » Compact I) bypd gliisy -Non-Compact «IS ¢ ail aa = Lalo polo Y QWUL 4981 P Lodo SII gi Boga go LIS TE,LAI) pall g 2— Lateral Torsional Buckling AD) 42.25 Flanges J! >! Bending Moment J a5) goj03 ue Load data) yoy pad » a i— Span——-! Bendingg Moment Lay Buckling dsyisJ) lady: bial! 3,5 86 cos Flanges JI aal sey Web Jl jcd Lb WebI) Gey ge yyd¥l Flange dl ge baie Ls dus 5 Bucking J) jo gsi Mia Gey UY 5 glad! »Se Y ge dled) de - Buckling) ge 3b glj30 Sgied Lateral Torsional Buckling Jy A Comp. Lateral Torsional Buckling J| Syim ac, Section Las) oJ » Comp. gi) JSBI! gf due Lbs Sano Coed Section J a&LJi toss)» AOS oe Comp. Buckling UU Lajcall 5 Compression La,call Flange JI 4% Us » Web Ji ja23 Less Web II Gepb ge ye Vl Flange II pe Unde 4% Buckling J) jo gpl Wa Gye US 5 glad! pe Y a> oly! gle glgs Segied Lateral Torsional Buckling Jb . Buckling I) ge gb ithe compression falnge Comp. a Section at the middle Section at the start and end of unsupported length neers Se of unsupported length TAB Lal) Reda! go Land pepe lew ot 5 Ge wy 3SU el Lateral Torsional Buckling t-.~ js pec » Laggnaz) 28) 9 BD JS Ge B82 5 Larges) ee 2 Me eee false ola + oS Ge ere 9 Teall Ge tale Lars Lyell Flange Lateral Supports JI + oath ox Wai! Raliedd! ge gigls ge ALE ue Lateral Supports Jl spaiall - Compression J CO Soa) pe BEB ode Lateral Supports for [the compression falnge (Tata) ses [oe Faas Maximum unsupported length of the compression flange at qwhich lateral torsional buckling will mot occur. Lateral Supports % 332 ¥ gl pee Job 55h asl Acs » _ Lateral Torsional Buckling (L.T.B)a) cacy Y 9 ls» tule zi @ 1380.4 ee a + Cb ‘| Lu (max) = saedl hs 20.5 4 Fy fe Where # Ap = bgety 4 d=h =height of section #| ror St37 > Fy =2.40 t/em? # Co <> Coefficient depends on the type of load and and support. CODE Page 20) 2300 Joe w os Jule Ab ab weg dads oS gh Boge gall ESI Ge Sd By Ao)o UL Cp JE Glas op Wales Code page 19 M; Mi; 2 Cp = 1.75 + 1.05 —L + 0.300. tj)" 22:30 Me Mz ByeSIl Aylas y Thar ys Moment Jb iad ue My & Mz of due Sysetts SULLA ge LEE oo5l ll BAS ode cep ghee ened OF» more conservative 55% CUA » plo! Lo? Cpa 1] Jag al of (@) Table (2.2) Values of Coefficients K and Cy Allowable Stres 305 x 8 7 ipa Gerding Moment | End Restraint! Effective ‘oading a "Length Diagram | About Yam3 | egctor Sa J | cul i ro | Sime | 1.0 1.00 C -) | CONT | Fixed as | 1.00 = a Simple 10 2.30 , Fixes as | 230 : 40 | 1.13 —_ Simpte | EL Fea | 08 | 1.00 A | sine | 10 | 4.30 L | Fied | 08 | 0.80 ses =—— — = simpe | 1.0 135 iy | pea o5 | 107 ih A Simple 1.70 hh Al Y i Fixed Os 4.04 TWtm. | 5 2 | WALT. Restrained | \. Re «| 10 | 210 eataines ; Hn pS Sore Ja S503 of Se) 2 Ly marys! 9 Lugact) J! ple ae + ¥ pf Lateral Torsional Buckling (£.7.B) aif Lu (act) < Lu(maz) — Beam is laterally supported = No Lateral Torsional Buckling gle Lid ace, Allowable Bending Stress Frye J) ps8 UII ode 5 5 ual ey 0.64 i ae, Compact Section Fyo= 0.58 Ee a, Non-Compact Seetion #7 Lu (act) > Lu(maz) > Beam is laterally unsupported —) Eateral Torsional Buckling may occur gle asics Allowable Bending Stress Fyp J) G98; ULII ode uh 5 wl Gee y Fig ges 3 Lateral Torsional Buckling (L.T-B) JI 2 SS How to get Fiy,| —>|[CODE Page 18,19) Ey =: Fw) + (Fis,) € 0.58 F, to get Fiz, STEP (1) = Calculation of Fiy,, 800 + Ay lado. = < 0.58 Fy Where # Lu= Lu (act.) STEP (2) —>Caleulation of Fiy,, # Caleulate Tp > Radius of gyration of the T-Section Subjected to compression . dazall (oes) pled 4+ joU Radius of gyration JI ¢ Ble oe ce of gly) pene ll LLSYL Compression flangeIl, o:5Il 45 wk » LASSI alge Casy Gill ggnall 439 Fygne Jom cauew 9 Webs by i & = 0.26; > for 1.P.E Where z iia= tys by Tee of the web can be neglected as it t2) is very small compared to the flange. #AT= tyeds + Fie ity, — (6) al if 188 then: VF 42000 ith 00 6, $0.58 Fy cence et BBB 2 hy tre )® aAtowable Stresses 418 Alternatively, the Jater8t torsional buckling stress Cot be computed more accurately 2s the resultant of the above mentioned two components as. ee Fi = Fito, * Fins £0.58Fy 237 In the above Equations. 1," = Effective laterally unsupported length of compression flange. K (distance between cross-sections braced against twist or Tateral displacement of the compression flange in cm), Froctve length factor (as given in Chapter 4). Redwe of gyration about the minor axis oT & section tomprsing the compression Fange plus one sixth of the web area (cm), (b,” t) Area of compression flange (em*). Gempression flange wisth (om) d Total depth (om). Ty Yield stress (orn). Compression flange thickness {em Cocffcient depending on the type of load and support conditions as given in Table 2.2. For cases ‘of unequal end caren, wilhout transverse Yoads, (Go) ean be computed from the expression: oP ' Gy = 4.75 + 4.08 (MyM) + 9-3 (MAMA)? 623 wn. 228 Alowabfe Stresses 48 Uowable Bending Stress JI gle Jyorll G25 ys iL: ae Was L JS -Actual Bending Stress J) jou gles GU) 5 Feo en vill » Actual Bending Stress J) Glas) Yiei 2 (a) Ales we (X) yyo2 J5> Actual Bending Stress _ Mey — Me a ce Where # See ts = Section modulus Uglied ub Fayeg0 9 CUAL! pelgd ool ue Jule Ibgal assf sie Stresses JI Glan gil clos ABlae pa) ClLeLL) UL e i # bea Leb 4 wN deb ths Actual Bending Stress at point (a) M: Te *¥ bic Actual Bending Stress at point (b) M: = Ta" Ye Pt = sti desi General steps for design of beams Pe See i-Calculate the loads & straining actions for the beam . Load Loads 2-Choice of section acy glad! glS Qf 0.64 F, woly Fy Jl of Gan8 asked) ob - Compact assume F, = 0.647, => For st.a7 F, = 1.536 t fom? fovten. eee des My +100 _ My+100 “Fa tzm: —*(1-586 Sy = =v Cm* From Tables ————> Choose I.P.E no. y~ 3—Checks To find F, a—Cheek local buckling (Compactness) Rolled Sections Welded Sections For Flange For Flange ROT SE MENGE: = OF ETE a. ™ => Compact c < 133 > Compact y t Non-Compact| *f bow < ie => Non—Compact ¥ v For Web For Web 5 => Compact Compact ef ee < i => Non-Compact < ie => Non-Compact ¥ # . @® b-Check lateral torsional buckling # Calewlate Lecagt) Cap Whaat JSS 5 # Calculate Ly (gx) —> os ge o ij 1380647 , G, tr) il Fy+d Lu(maz) = show) dab a 20sb5 hel IF Where Fv ———tl # Af = byaty #d=h = height of section # Cy > Coefficient depends on the type of load and and support. CODE Page 20) 220 dee & oes air |Lu(act) < Lu(max) 0.64 F, 2» compact Section 0.58 Fy i» Non-Compact Section i | Lu(act) > Lu(mex)| > Bo Fy (r Fun.) + (Fieve) Sy [cone Page 13] Sass oes a—Cheek Bending Stresses cm. tonyll foton re ze 100 =v t/om? >» Fy Coe, bee lie Gis pas UL Gi Focact.) = 3b-—Check Shear Stresses = Vv trem $ Gan = 0.35 F, Li Check J) Jae ages pb Ung bs Ley Iie Gas pas UL ys wes pd 4ST glad 5 ¢ pole Gill ga Leas wed JI lite! go Copal Shear stress J) ¢259 oo) 3» Shear JI gS Lang d LS hie ld ge Flange JI gle waies Y JWL 4 Structural Analysis J) dale Shear J) 44 ,la. 45 Flange Jk gle Shear tess deer q T (aot) = ety 3G—Check Deflection Babe od Je LS ULidl 52 3p SU pedo! deflection JI aos - Lid Live Load Ang bo » Age: Geo 3 Structural Analysis JI piste cane BBY Gill 5 SI gb de Zpenall defleotionSl Us (5 - Aan os WS Ss zoo eg lars Agate) Shp) gd Aact # Aan j LP.E 600 USxJ) geSxJi Gols \SiChoice of section jas we HEB) Jye G2 08S Deflection J) gus ne ee pod Lal Lydall SUL By) he done) Led! oS of pkedl oe PL SET wl? @eEr _ wi, PE 44> BEI SEI PI 48ET Swit S384 ET PL’ 48ET Swi" BB4ET * 5 deflection J! eet eS w t\m ie SS 2 ae w_t\mn x = meee P w_t\m ca ————— — po Abagind) VL) G+ Cea 3p ple Bosz yall flan Wd calf 13) LF Jois LS Conjugate Beam J) Us ;b plussol deflection J ley Structural Analysis Ji sab gi LS -lildeflection JI Glss Gylladl 350 BMD SI puss -1 PoP B.M.D. Co tf FL P P a Jegane ll dynde dS. Elastic Load gjl BMD Joos -1 Raladl JS 5S y oS eatls o9S 5 de JS Le Cle y Glebe L/s at g 1 3S lake gpoys/) 6 SI Reactions ys Elastic Reactions J} aos-f . Elastic Loads J| Le ae Elastic loads & 7 Elastic reactions * yi/e OL® ood EI gle 4B 5 FpeU) Gets YS Flastic moment J) ws -t . deflection II Mrnste= RoE - P, e+ 4-2 b= vw mit Elastic loads M, Down = Mee () cample on how_to find the actual unsupporetd Length| 1-Main and Secondary beams with no R.C Slab Main Beame\ gle Use Secondary Beams I! 3S System 4! ho cod S Main Beam For main beam - Main beam JJ Intermediate supports LuiS Secondary beamsJ| Jess Main beam UU Compression flange J Space yt! Jol! 65% WL s Secondary beams J) yy Viluall 5° Lucact) = & = Distance between secondary beams For Secondary beam ial 4 Secondary beam l Compression flange li Support az 5: 4 ast as Secondary beam J! Jab 32 Upuee will Jol) os = S = Span of secondary beam La(act) (nak «gi Secondary beams Jt, LelaiUpper flanges! 5 sSle ssle 5 JEU gaged Gy 5 Main beams Jy Lola! Upper flange II ogute ~URY Gayl de 5 nella Lenin Abesll 5 Compression flange ~~ of main beam WY Lewy Gpe 5 Sus pase Les!! os 5 Secondary Beam ‘zample Find a suitable section for the shown secondary beam knowing that it braced at ends only. and its loads are: Wy p= 125 Net D.L. ™m sooo Ww. = 1.0 t\nt a ue 5.0 m—! § Secondary 5 PLAN 5 Beam £ 3 = 2.25.t\nt Wrotar = Wont Wrs=2-26 te EET TT otal = 2 up OT} i ae BSS! ag ee 4) wl _ 2.2505 a Ep ge eat 03 mt 5.625 t SPD. 5.625 t el 2- Choise of section assume Fyo= 0.64 F, Sx“ 7536 ~ 1.686 1.536 t\om* My _ 7.034100 _ 459 68 Cm: 3 — Checks 3a—Compactness (Local buckling) h,=24.80m Jala ty=O0.71em bp = 715 om t,=1.070m r=1.50m Byatg Opto ein) ty ty s, £ o£ = 5.27 < ty i hy — 24.8 tw 0.7f $(15 —0.71-2+1.5) 1.07 =849 < fe” —— a = The section is compact = 5.27 416.9 _ 49.9 —— Compact Flange Compact Web Lylar jo Beatle ( = 0.4 dp Jb Saf OLed) Ge b-Lateral Torsional Buckling prem Cy= 1.13 Lu gee = 500 om (braced at ends only) 20 by _ 20815 Ly = = = = 193.6 om ‘mas. i ites [24 Eon 1380Ay _ 1880%(15%1.07) = deRy kb easougies ee Sesame 193.6 cm| ‘maz. Logo, = 500 em > Linge = 193.6 em ==> ETB Occurs Fy = Fin = J (Pos) +(Fusl! < 0.58 F (Fees) 2) y Fe, = S00sArG, = 800» (1541.07) 4, 13 = 0.967 t\em? < 0.68 Fy= 14 Comp. U ye oi T-Seetion Ur, J) oles ll ges Mayet! cle » hw =30- 241.07 = 27.86em 29 FY : = 300m 5 Ap =1541.07 + 4.6490.71 = 19.840em? = »——1s > 2 15° é 1dr Ty =1.07% = 301 em: Jan Spo 455 LY web Umertia J) jess 4.64 | T [307 a Tr= |—t = = 3.94cem = 0.26 B, r ap i048 on YY O71 L G AUact 500 _ 126.9 eg | =a |£13 -57.6 Tr | 3.94 ts 24 L Tut > 34 —> not equation f T (tu/?r)? fy 71766100, 2 (0. — Ee) +2.4 = 0.838 t\ crn? arnaaneiinial < 0.58 Fy = 1.4 Fin 2 = (0.64~ I = Fyp = Jf (Fi) + (Fue)? = J (0.967)'+ (0.838) = [1-28 t\em)] < 0.58 Fy= 1.4 3a—Check bending stresses M 7.08%100 fat = = ae = 1.26 t\em? < Fye = 1.28 = © ghia ‘Safe) o 3b—Check Shear ctienses gq =o ~_ 8 5.625 0.27 t\em? act Ayn xtw 30.0 ¥0.71 < 0.35 Fy = 0.84 (Safe) 3C—Check deflection ge to tive load only 4 ecie ee t\em em PXaiE gage Eely / ee | (t\ 00). eeony® = fideo © Span 3aa" 2100% 8360 300 / \ t\ert! Lem o¢ us 67 Nem B00 1.67em (@) zcample The shown beam are used to support a machine (no B.C. slab) For the given secondary I.P.£ 600, it is required to : 1- Check the safety of the given beam due fo the applied shown loads. 2- If the beam is unsafe, suggest adding members to make tt safe (the members shouldn't carry any vertical loads). 3- Recheck the beam. after adding the suggested members. = 9 4— Design the main beam. ~— Se _ 13t 84293 = 7m Solution Check of secondary I.P.E_600 1— Straining actions a—Dead loads all 555 ele Jpaedl Me 9 8 tS) 55 5 sloth Go FSI) pled Sybil From tables Own weight for LP.E 600 ———————> 0.w =122kg/m . =0.122 t/m 0.122 t\rt wS" =1.28 mt : pan Tt t $3.0 m—! —Live loads = BL gpd Lodged! 9 FpeK) gle rye yall SLI! Jbl ay 13¢ 13t fa Pe FE 39m.t 13t 13¢ Ree an. 2- Choise of section LP.E 60052 5 ULoell 45 poe 3S)! pbs 3— Checks a-Compaciness (Local buckling) Ry=51.4em alae ow b= 1.200em b, =22 em ty =1.900em CF lby—tw ~2r)_ $(22 —1.20-242.4) _ tf ty ‘A 7.96 i 4.21 2 & =4.21 < 16.9 _ 49 9 —— Compact Flange ty [ky hw — 51.4 _ go 9 — 122 — 32 ——> Compact Web tae 1220) ihe: * The section is compact) Lele Ge atl O =0.4 by JI aT Seal) Ge b-Lateral Torsional Buckling J Cy= 1.85 Lstd (ul5 Dead. load JI oils of tye y Lee UE cy 3f ab Oy J) Glad 15S) pple 3S ye aly eee ees us a Live load JI oe UL if abs Lorgot, = 900 om (braced at ends only) 20 by _ 20022 _ vim ( Ge = yee tm 13804 aT jell! pS) GY Llad gels ora! L.T.B évoae gl» Ly gop Lomax, = 284 0m) Lugge =900 cm > Lumar, = 284 0m —=>LTB Occurs Py= Frio = Pan) +(Fas) < 0.58 Fy : B004Az, _ 800 + (2201.90) = 2 at = Tovd =o = — 900 60 +1.35 = 0.836 t\em < 0,58 Fy= 1.4 Comp. J yaseall T-Seotion Ur, J) olin yl gles Raed! cli 3 hw =60—241.90= 56.2em “62 -"FY } ] = 9.37 3] |6dem | | | Ap =22%1,90 + 9.37%1.20 = 53.04 em? _ Ty =1.90+ 222 = 1687 mt ag TZ lax Spaio 535 Lt web Unertia JI Yass 454 4 I 1687 oe Tr = Fi ESE. es = 0.2 i r iE no De 5.60cem = 0.26 by O74 Luget, __900 o 1-0 Tr 5.60 o ei ty 2.4 Lr G, peek es * => not equation 1 Tr fy G 188 ,/— = 188 uv Vast G 2 = > 18 =p £ ti 3 | rr 8 Ty quation Be AS 12000 (Lu/?r) _ __ 12000 ~ 160.77 +Cb +f.35= 0.63 t\em? < 0.58 Fy= 14 Foo Fin = (Fe) + (Fine)” = 4 (0.836) + (0.630)° = [1.04 t\cm7| < 0.58 F,= 1.4 3a—Check bending stresses My _ (39+1.23)+100 Lock a = aad = 1.31 t\em? < Fycp= 1.04 Sy, daledl.o# (Unsafe) UAB! ole! dol) EUS g Fact JI blt ell cs IIL » (Unsafe) 85) uly CUS y LTBI coyan pie Gab ge Hd 5 Fy Ji aby al pabtuall » Lye IN 1 Safe tS) Joa) members lal ya ULisll ode ei cslladll 9 Jae Bl gSLal gi Gab Wh y BSI) cos Ayal, dacel pes GEell Oe -1 «aly float Joos ¥ members J) ods gf UL! gi Goliad! OO » Jans Bracing JL yuu le gl Horizontal members gos (Sell Ge —¥ + Raf, Slot fen ¥ 9 Lager tt tb ole (3) 84 2,33= 7m b-Lateral Torsional Buckling i Cy=1.35 Luge, 7300 om (braced at Bracing positions) _ . £0b, _ 20222 _ lees Te a Tet, = 284 cm 13804, BT glad pS GY Leyland velo 7 ary LTB ame SIL s Luge Lax, = 284m Lgan, =800 or > Etugs, = 284 0m ==> LIB Occurs Py =Fin= (ad +(Fes) < 0.58 Fy Far = B00+As,, _ 800 (2241.90) .4 55 = 2.61 t\om? Tus 300+ 60 Fy = Fy = [Fao t\er] 3a—Check bending stresses M Fact = — (89+ 1.25)4100_ _ 7.31 t\om? 0.58 Fy = 1.4 Sy SOLO. Stel (Safe) 3b-Check Shear stresses” Q Q (13 40.55) a= Se OTe 2 act. = Aga ~ Te ttw 60 «1-20 tem*< 0.35 Fy = 0.84 (Safe) 3C— Check deflection gic to tive load only Structural Analysis J) dole 5 LS aS Ue Ge YY Dace I) clad “atdeflection JI 143 5! tes Conjugate beam methodt! plsaol + UBgine sb grn Led 7ST 5955 ode Q) Cum Fl Ua cideflection J) aos @ 73t 9 13t ® e- . B.M.D 3—}— 3m — "3m S | 13¢ 13t FL 39m.t ® @ 9% ooSad ET gle daub 5 Spc] Gate WiElastic moment J) -deflection JI Morano = 117445 — 58.942,5 — 58.520.75 =336.4 mit met ” 236.4 _886.4.10° s = Seb. _ ee _ee Span Avot = FF 2100492080 | 17 40™ < 755 shen?! Lem! < -200_— 3.6 em (safe) 300 esign of main beam tia hi a 1— Straining actions a—Dead loads all g3y gle Jee! Se 9 bib EI O59 or 9 glad! ples Fle) Spe 9 Bye GIS gh glial! Ge SAS Ua gl pbll Own weight JI pone wl assume 0.w =100kg /m =0.10 t/m 0.10 i\mt wS* 961 mt ST, <7. a—* 0.61 mt wS 20.36 o.a5t BMD. a S.F.D. 0.35t Al Secondary Beam U Dead Loads J| Reactions las! gSeall Ge » Reactions lel Sy ¥ GU » le iaie LsY Main Beam JN gle ppc _ Main Beam J\ glo yoScd gill » Secondary Beam I Live Loads b—Live Loads gle Sd Gl Secondary Beam 1) Live Loads Ji Reactions ya 4 . Main Beam JI 363° 9m ‘B+ 2,99 = Fm. ere -| See at rat 1 \ Reaction. of secondary beam | ist 13t 2.33} 2.39" 2.85 13t 13t SE 30.3m.t 13t Main Beam SFPD tat Total Straining actions Moetea= Mocca t+ Mae = 0.61 + 30.3 = 30.91 mt Orem =O oecat Qin, = 0.35 + 13.0 = 13.35 t 2- Choise of section + SypeS FPyg GUAR) Laylis yo5 (Seal) Gad Ente Luger! of ca assume Fyp= 0.64 F, = 1.536 t\em? My Tabli fe _ 30.94100 _ 5942 Cm? “8 Use S=— x 7.536 1.586 3- Checks a— Compactness (Local buck ting) Pry = 46.70 — Jshae ty=tdtem by =21 em ty =1.72em r=2.40m 6 bn tw 20) $ (21 = 1-11-2224) _ p99 ty & Tove : C 16.9 _ 10.9 ==> Compact Flange ean Se (39) = ste = 82 —=D Compact Web iy The section is compact Llar Ge Fy Bpdle C = 0.4 by Jb Set Sed) be b-Lateral Torsional Buckling I Cy =1.35 te Guld Dead load JI ySls gf cee 5 Le Ue ol ab Ord) clhed + Spall gle 55 ant lan sera ue a bive load JI gs Ue yt sobs Lu gee, = 233 em (Distance between secondary beams) 20 b 20+20 L = Kr = =271 cm Uae j Fy {24 . soul asks 138044 ar? _ 1380+(2141.72) = =a +1.35 = 5100em Liman, = 271 em Lye = 283 om < Lege, = At om ==> no LTB Compact Section —> F, = [1536 t\cm4| 3a—Check bending stresses M, fat =—— = Se ot 2100 = 1.27 t\em? Compact Flange ty [Pu hy — 24.8 _ 127 _ ci 4 Web fa OMT 34.9 < F 82 ——> Compact Fe ibpal b-Lateral Torsional Buckling J Cy=1.35 Dirck =300 em (braced at ends only) Liman = ( SRE = ie = 193.6 em j fie : ied! ab iattic, = 1980s 16-01.07) sas 41S one 193.6 em @ Luge: = 200 om > Luge, = 193-6 em — LTB Occurs Fy = Fin = V (Fos) + (Fine) < 0.58 Fy f= 800 «Ay _ 800 + (1541.07) wr Tyaed ? 300% 30 21.35 = 1.92 t\em? > 0.58 Fy= 1.4 Pre= 3a-—Check bending stresses M, Toaoe ee = eRe = 1.40 t\em® < Pyp = 1.28 a S dalasi os 3b- Check Shear stresses q,= 2 ta ort Ane thw (Safe) — ee. O25 temn® 30.0 *0.71 < 0.35 Fy = 0.84 (Safe) HG” Cheon deflection due to tive toad only 108 5 wrieS” PN ak Gag 0.15 t\nt pa 1 , Pare! 384 Euly 48 Exly 3.0 m— E\crm cm t om fs aoe are - os __ 5, (0.16\100)4(300), 1 , (10) + (300) , 384 2100+% 8360 48 2100 8360 t\ont emt thon) ‘em! = 0.330m < Spam _ 300 300 soo" 7 7.0 om (Safe) Beam (3) 1— Straining actions a— Dead loads assume Own weight = 0.15 t/m eae mela SS ee 4 Wo. = F.C.+1.0+ 0.8 = 0.15+1.0 + 0.10= 0.25t/m 0.25 \m a ro, == LG re = 71.0 em —)D> ITB Occurs Fy = Fie, < 0.58 Fy _ 800A; _ 800 « (5.540.9 ) = 2 Fat = Top 9 = a59 FEE = 28 t\em < 0.58 Fy= 14 Fig = 1.243 t\em?| 3a-Check bending stresses M, Foot = tn = 0582100 _ 0.96 tom? < Pye = 1.248 Sy 60.7 (Safe) 3b-Check Shear stresses Q q (0.38+0.45) — = ee = 0.09 t\cem*. Tact. = iggy = Fowte 12 +07 ee (Safe) 3C—Check deflection aie to tive load only 5 wireS t\om om we zag * Ex ly af é : ey 5 ,(0.15\100) (300) _ ag a7 6m, ¢ Spar 384" 2100%206 300 ; t\ corn (48) Beam (2) 1— Straining actions a-Dead loads assume Own weight =0.15 t/m a oar Soe Di 0.38 0.38 0.27 0.27 0.38 0.38 [bowel eh Becta LalS BS) cle B5S pal) Jar 2! G55 Dead Load I! 5 gent (Lal Go + By Cua pl of ss 20.38 $0.16 =0.38¢\m 7 mL tare tr Hee th = Loads wo, = oes a= # Wo. span aes Jan jab G2 Dead Load JI 451) G15) reactions las) gSeall Gos Load Jl, ide gunn ¥) pe ere —$Ht an | wS" 3.84 mt OS a — ies 3.84 mt Lott 2 So. wS = f.71t _——-——> SLED. Late b—Live loads B2 Qu, = 17.136 Z | 40Ton & a # # Miz = 1113445 | — 0.45+3.5 — 0.45 22.5 a [aoe eee) — 6.23+1.5 = 39.6 mt 8m Rs Rs Ri Rr Rs Rs 0.45 0.45 5.23 10t 5.23 0.45 0.45 u 11.13% 17-43t # Mrotat = Mp.tt+ Mii = 3.84 + 39.6 =43.44 mt #Qrotat = Qv.rt AiL = 1.71 + 11.13 = 12.87 ¢ 2- Choise of section assume F,= 0.648, = 1.536 t\em* My _ 43.44*100 Tables = _ 8.44100 _ 2928 Cm? =—) UselEP.£ 600) Sx“ 7536 ~ 1.536 3 3- Checks 3a—Compactness (Local buckling) hy =S5t-4om dyke ty=1.20em by =22 em ty =71.900m r=2.4em CE (bp- tw 20) _ §(22 ~ 1.2 242.4) ye oe 0 oe ae 127 — 32 ==> Compact Web The section is compact| b—Lateral Torsional Buckling Wid Cy=1.0 DS hb OLE Rie Oe we ee ee SES Ge GF Ces8 Gel Hal JSS QF O,= 1.0 JI B54 Seall Go diosedle Sage gal Lggoe 300 om (max. spacing between secondary beams) 20 by _ 20222 Oe = i = 284 cm maz. } ie 2-4 Pee 1380Ay _ 13804(22+1,90) = DeFy °° ~ 6002.4 TOADS: Oe Loman = 284m Luact, = 3200 em > Lumar, = 284 em —S4 LTB occurs Fy = Fie = J (Fron) + (Fas) < 0.58 Fy 80024. Z Fras = oye 8 = 800» (220120) 41.9 = 1.85 t\em? > 0.58 Fy= 14 Fog = [1.40 t\em? @) 3a—Check bending stresses My 43,44+100 Fock ea ee pe 7.40 t\cm? ca sae x ~ Sgladl 5 afe 3b—Check Shear stressés Face ee IP ET 5 GRU Noa < 0.35 Fy Ayo Raty 6091.2 So (Safe) 3C-Check deflection g,. to tive load only Rs Rs Ry Ry Rs Rs 0.45 0.45 5.23 10t 5.23 0.45 0.45 yyy ddd mn—!-tm Lm |—$§s —# = Loads t1.13t 2 14.188 dole ob Jak LEY Conjugate Beam J) Tale 8S) oie Jo yapidl Ge Bye gle Ye Wl gy555 ama GSedl Ge GL » Structural anatysis J} ds ge WS JLaY p55 Lab a » 31 BIS vam Jol! hie GD + Sie dee Bed) gb aye gel! Jed! JEU! le a= 2 leads: a Je 046+ 205.29 _ 1.361\m 104 1.36t\m TTT [T 1.599——_$__——|-______-. 5m —__#$> AS a = Loads tse 2 14.13t 4 3 5, WiisS. fis Pires ‘Not “304 * Belly 8 Esly t\em om t em ae ‘a i, at - i. _ 6 _£136\100)« (900) fo (10) »* (900) z "384 2100+ 92080 48 2100+ 92080 t\em’/ ‘em! t\ent! ‘em = 1.39em < Spam _ 900 300 300 = 3.0 em (Safe) SigbsJ las Aaj, Channels I) paved Sl yld ol Te GLa) JE! ge s AIS go SUIT » LPB & HEB pines General steps for design of beams, TER] 1—Caleulate the loads & straining actions for the beam . Load gy [EE ET Si? Loads BMD. S.F.D. @y 2-Choice of section sep clad oS Sosa Ruste Fy J! of yes dghiJl ole Gi - Non—Compact assume F, = 0.58F, => For sta7 F, = 1.40 t/cm? maton o7n-toregll clases) i: f Men 100 _ Myx 100 FB, = =v Cm + Fy i iont 1.40 Me ae _— t Sy Fi bles From Tabs choose ULP.N no. ; 3— Cheeks dw} bos To find F, is a—Check local buckling (Compactness) Rolled Sections| Welded Sections For Flange For Flange ee < e —> Non—Compact = < # => Non—Compact For Web For Web dw < 190 _» Non—Compact | dw O gw ¢ 1909 —, Non—Compact tw ~ Wy tw Uli) JSS 5 # Caleulate L,, (max) —> ool oe 1380+As red + Cb Lu (max) = phot! dab 20d; F Where Wy # Ag = bpety # d=h =height of section # Cy — Coefficient depends on the type of load and and support. CODE Page 20) 2G Je & ome s eo |\Lu(act) < Lu(maz) Fryo= 0.58 F, as Non—Compact Section ait [Lu(act) > Lu(max)| ==> Foo = Fin Ga Fas) < 0.58 F, See ae , CODE Page 18] su Joe oe oes @ 3a-Check Bending Stresses jmton. ria Max100 vw tion! & By Focact.) = ayer at ays pS oT pls ylars b All Me GS pas Ue of 3b—Check Shear Stresses F (act) = os =v tfem? $+ Wan = 0.35 F, dS Check J lis ages pb ST clad jus byl Mie gies pie Ue ud 3C—Check Deflection gals gS Jeb LS Ua! je 5pSU Adel deflection J) cms Live Load NN 4 oss Nace ee 9 Structural Analysis Jt plodtel ean GRR: All 5 gS gb Ap panel! deflection IL 3,15 3 i + Aa ees 4 gly Dsl) SIS! Span 300 Nac - Aan’

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