Sequence and Series

Sequence

Fixed rule not followed

Any collection with identified 1st term, 2nd term and so on.

It should be Mathematical quantity

Series

Represented sum of sequence

Progression

Sequence with definite rule

Types of Progression

I. Arithmetic Progression
II. Geometric Progression
III. Harmonic progression
IV. Arithmetic co Geometric Progression
V. Miscellaneous

I. Arithmetic Progression (A.P.)

Progression whose term is increase or decrease by a fixed number and fixed number is called common
difference.

If a is the 1st term and d is the common difference than standard appearance

𝑎, 𝑎 + 𝑑, 𝑎 + 2𝑑, 𝑎 + 3𝑑, … , 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑

➢ 𝑛𝑡ℎ term (𝑡𝑛 ) = 𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑

➢ 𝑟 𝑡ℎ term or General term (𝑡𝑟 ) = 𝑎 + (𝑟 − 1)𝑑
➢ 𝑆𝑛 = ∑𝑛𝑟=1 𝑎 + (𝑟 − 1)𝑑 ; (Sum of n terms sequence)

Note:

I. 𝑑 > 0 implies increasing A.P.

II. 𝑑 < 0 implies decreasing A.P.
III. 𝑑 = 0 implies constant a A.P.

Ex: 6th and 11th terms of an A.P. are 17 and 32, Find 20th term.
Ans: 59

Ex: In an A.P. 𝑎2 + 𝑎5 − 𝑎3 = 10 and 𝑎2 + 𝑎9 = 17

Ans: 𝑑 = −1, 𝑎 = 13

Ex: In an A.P. 𝑡𝑝 = 𝑞 and 𝑡𝑞 = 𝑝, show that or prove that 𝑡𝑟 = 𝑝 + 𝑞 − 𝑟

Ex: 1st and 2nd of A.P. are √2 & √3 respectively. Find 4th term and common difference.

Ex: Prove that √2, √3, √5 cannot be any three terms of an A.P.

Sum of Arithmetic Progression(𝑺𝒏 )

𝑆𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑎 + 𝑑) + (𝑎 + 2𝑑) + … + (𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑)

𝑆𝑛 = (𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑) + (𝑎 + (𝑛 − 2)𝑑) + … +𝑎

𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] + [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] + … + [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]

𝑛 𝑛
⇒ 𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] = [𝑎 + 𝑙]
2 2

Note:

➢ Sum of First 𝑛 Natural Numbers

𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
1+2+3+⋯+𝑛 =
2

100(100+1)
Ex: 1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 100 = = 5050
2

➢ Sum of First 𝑛 odd Numbers

1 + 3 + 5 + ⋯ + (2𝑛 − 1) = 𝑛2

➢ Sum of First 𝑛 even Numbers

2 + 4 + 6 + ⋯ + 2𝑛 = 𝑛2 + 𝑛

Highlight of A.P.

I. If each term of an A.P. is increased, decreased, multiplied or divided by some number resulting
sequence on A.P.
𝑎, 𝑎 + 𝑑, 𝑎 + 2𝑑, 𝑎 + 3𝑑, … (𝐼𝑛 𝐴. 𝑃. )
𝑎 ± 𝑘, 𝑎 + 𝑑 ± 𝑘, 𝑎 + 2𝑑 ± 𝑘, 𝑎 + 3𝑑 ± 𝑘, … (𝐼𝑛 𝐴. 𝑃. )
II. Three number in A.P. can be taken as
𝑎 − 𝑑, 𝑎 , 𝑎 + 𝑑
Four number in A.P. can be taken as
𝑎 − 3𝑑, 𝑎 − 𝑑 , 𝑎 + 𝑑, 𝑎 + 3𝑑
Five number in A.P. can be taken as
𝑎 − 2𝑑, 𝑎 − 𝑑 , 𝑎, 𝑎 + 𝑑, 𝑎 + 2𝑑
III. The sum of two terms in A.P. equidistant from the beginning and end is constant
𝑎1 + 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑎3 + 𝑎𝑛−2
IV. For any series
𝑇𝑛 = 𝑆𝑛 − 𝑆𝑛−1

For Example
𝑇1 = 𝑆1
𝑇2 = 𝑆2 − 𝑆1
V. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 in A.P.
𝑎+𝑐
Then, 𝑏 =
2
Ex: 1st term of an A.P. is 5 and last term is 45 and 𝑆𝑛 = 400. Find the number of terms and common difference.
8
Ans: 𝑛 = 18, 𝑑 =
3

Ex: Sum of 1st three terms of an A.P. is 27 and sum of there square is 293. Find 𝑆𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑇𝑛

1 2
Ex: A sequence 20 + 19 + 18 + ⋯ must be taken so that the sum is 300.
3 3
Ans: 𝑛 = 36,25

Ex: Find the sum of all integers between 1 and 100 which are divisible by 2 𝑜𝑟 3

Ex: 𝑆𝑛 = 5𝑛2 + 2𝑛, Find 𝑇𝑛 , 𝑎, 𝑑.

Ans: 10𝑛 − 3

Ex: Find value of 100𝟐 − 992 + 982 − 972 + 962 − 952 + ⋯ . +22 − 12

Ex: If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 in A.P.

I. Prove that 𝑏 + 𝑐, 𝑐 + 𝑎, 𝑎 + 𝑏 also in A.P.

II. (𝑏 + 𝑐)2 −𝑎2 , (𝑐 + 𝑎)2 − 𝑏 2 , (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 − 𝑐 2 in A.P.

Ex: 𝑎2 , 𝑏 2 , 𝑐 2 are in A.P.

1 1 1
I. prove that , , in A.P.
𝑏+𝑐 𝑐+𝑎 𝑎+𝑏
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
II. Prove that , , in A.P.
𝑏+𝑐 𝑐+𝑎 𝑎+𝑏

Arithmetic Mean

➢ If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 in A.P. then b is A.M. of 𝑎 & 𝑐

➢ If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 in A.P. then 𝑏, 𝑐 is A.M.

To insert 𝒏 arithmetic means between 𝒂 and 𝒃

Let 𝐴1 , 𝐴2 , 𝐴3 , 𝐴4 , … , 𝐴𝑛 are 𝑛 arithmetic mean between 𝑎 and 𝑏

i.e., 𝑎, 𝐴1 , 𝐴2 , 𝐴3 , 𝐴4 , … , 𝐴𝑛 , 𝑏

𝑏−𝑎
⇒ 𝑏 = 𝑎 + (𝑛 + 1)𝑑 ⇒ 𝑑 =
𝑛+1

𝑏−𝑎
𝐴𝑟 = 𝑎 + 𝑟𝑑 = 𝑎 + 𝑟 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑟 = 1,2,3 … 𝑛
𝑛+1

Sum of 𝒏 arithmetic between 𝒂 and 𝒃

𝑎+𝑏
𝐴1 + 𝐴2 + 𝐴3 + 𝐴4 + ⋯ + 𝐴𝑛 = 𝑛 ( )
2

Ex: 101 means are inserted between 1 and 99 then their sum
Ans: 5000

Ex: Insert 20 AM’s between 4 and 67

Ans: 7,10,13…
 𝐴3 2
Ex: If P AMs are inserted between 5 and 41 and = Find p.
𝐴𝑝−1 5

Ans: 11

Ex: Find the condition that roots of 𝑥 3 − 𝑝𝑥 2 + 𝑞𝑥 − 𝑟 = 0 are in A.P.

𝑝3 𝑝3 𝑝𝑞
Ans: − + −𝑟 =0
27 9 3

Ex: If 1st three terms of an increasing A.P. are root of cubic 4𝑥 3 − 24𝑥 2 + 23𝑥 + 18 = 0. Find 𝑆𝑛 , 𝑇𝑛
1 5(𝑛−1) 𝑛 1 5(𝑛−1)
Ans: 𝑇𝑛 = − + ; 𝑆𝑛 = (− + )
2 2 2 2 2

Geometric Progression

Standard appearance

𝑎, 𝑎𝑟, 𝑎𝑟 2 , 𝑎𝑟 3 … 𝑎𝑟 𝑛−1

1 −8
Ex: In a G.P. 𝑡3 = 2, 𝑡6 = − 4 Find 𝑡10 Ans: 29

Sum of Geometric Progression 𝑺𝒏

𝑆𝑛 = 𝑎 + 𝑎𝑟 + 𝑎𝑟 2 + 𝑎𝑟 3 + ⋯ + 𝑎𝑟 𝑛−1

−𝑟𝑆𝑛 = −𝑎𝑟 − 𝑎𝑟 − 𝑎𝑟 3 − 𝑎𝑟 4 − ⋯ − 𝑎𝑟 𝑛
____________________________________

𝑆𝑛 (1 − 𝑟) = 𝑎 − 𝑎𝑟 𝑛

𝑎(1 − 𝑟 𝑛 )
⇒ 𝑆𝑛 =
1−𝑟

For Infinite Series

Case-I 𝒓 > 𝟏

⇒ 𝑆∞ → ∞

Case-II 𝒓 = 𝟏

⇒ 𝑆∞ does note exist.

Case-III −𝟏 < 𝒓 < 𝟏

𝑛 → ∞ ⇒ 𝑟𝑛 = 𝑟∞ → 0

𝑎
⇒ 𝑆∞ =
1−𝑟

Highlight of G.P.

I. Multiply, divide a constant in a G.P. resulting sequence also will be in G.P.

𝑎
II. Three consecutive terms in a G.P. can be taken as , 𝑎, 𝑎𝑟
𝑟
 𝑏 𝑐
III. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in G.P. then = ⇒ 𝑏 2 = 𝑎𝑐 ⇒ 𝑏 = √𝑎𝑐
𝑎 𝑏

Ex: Sum of three consecutive numbers of G.P. is 19 and their product is 216. Find 𝑆∞ , 𝑆𝑛 , & 𝑇𝑛 .
3 𝑛 2 𝑛 3 𝑛−1 2 𝑛−1
Ans: 𝑆∞ = ∞, 27; 𝑆𝑛 = 8 (1 − ( ) ) , 27 (1 − ( ) ) , & 𝑇𝑛 = 4 ( ) ,9( )
2 3 2 3

Ex: Find the sum, 𝑆 = 9 + 99 + 999 + ⋯ + 99999 … 𝑡𝑜 𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠

10(1−10𝑛)
Ans: − −𝑛
9

Ex: Find 4 successive integrals terms of a G.P. of which second term is smaller than 1 st by 35 and 3rd term is
larger than 4th by 560.
Ans: 7, −28

Ex: Sum of an infinite G.P. is 15 and sum of their squares is 45 Find the series.
2
Ans: 𝑎 = 5, 𝑟 =
3

Note: If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 in G.P. then log 𝑎, log 𝑏 , log 𝑐 in A.P.

Geometrical Mean G.M.

𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in G.P. then G.M. = 𝑏 = √𝑎𝑐 ; {𝑏 𝑖𝑠 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐺. 𝑀. 𝑜𝑓 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐}

If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 are in G.P. then 𝑏 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 are geometrical mean of 𝑎 and 𝑑

To insert 𝒏 GM’s between 𝒂 &𝒃

𝑎, 𝐺1 , 𝐺2 , 𝐺3 , … , 𝐺𝑛 , 𝑏

𝐺1 = 𝑎𝑟, 𝐺2 = 𝑎𝑟 2 ,…, 𝐺𝑛 = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛

𝑏 = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛+1

1
𝑏 𝑛+1
𝑟=( )
𝑎

Product of n-Geometrical Mean

𝐺1 . 𝐺2 . 𝐺3 … 𝐺𝑛 = 𝑎𝑟. 𝑎𝑟 2 . 𝑎𝑟 3 … 𝑎𝑟 𝑛

= 𝑎𝑛 𝑟1+2+3+⋯+𝑛

𝑛(𝑛+1)
= 𝑎𝑛 𝑟 2

𝑛
= (𝑎2 𝑟 𝑛+1 ) 2
𝑛
= (√𝑎𝑏)

Ex: Insert 4 GMs between 5 and 160.

Ans: 10,20,40,80
 ➢ 𝐴. 𝑀. ≥ 𝐺. 𝑀.
➢ √𝑎𝑏 ⇒ G.M. of two +𝑣𝑒 number
3
➢ √𝑎𝑏𝑐 ⇒ G.M. of three +𝑣𝑒 number
4
➢ √𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑑 ⇒ G.M. of four +𝑣𝑒 number
𝑎+𝑏
➢ ≥ √𝑎𝑏
2

⇒ 𝑎 + 𝑏 ≥ 2√𝑎𝑏

⇒ (𝑎 + 𝑏)2 ≥ 4𝑎𝑏

⇒ (𝑎 − 𝑏)2 ≥ 0

Note: 𝐴. 𝑀. = 𝐺. 𝑀. , If all quantity will be equal.

General Formula

For n – Numbers

𝑎1 + 𝑎2 + 𝑎3 + ⋯ + 𝑎𝑛 𝑛
≥ √𝑎1 𝑎2 𝑎3 … 𝑎𝑛
𝑛

Equality holds when

𝑎1 = 𝑎2 = 𝑎3 = ⋯ = 𝑎𝑛

9
Ex: Given 𝑥 > 0, Find minimum value of 4𝑥 +
𝑥
3
Ans: 𝑥 =
2

Ex: 𝑏𝑐 = 16 minimum value of 𝑏 + 𝑐

Ans: 8

Ex: 2𝑎 + 𝑏 = 6, maximum value of 𝑎2 𝑏 and maximum value of 𝑎𝑏.

9
Ans: 8,
2

Ex: 2𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 2𝑐 = 7 Maximum value of 𝑎2 𝑏 3 𝑐 2 .

Ans: 1

Arithmetic Co-Geometric Progression (𝑨. 𝑮. 𝑷)

𝑎, (𝑎 + 𝑑)𝑟, (𝑎 + 2𝑑)𝑟 2 , … , (𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑)𝑟 𝑛−1

Sum of A.G.P.

𝑆𝑛 = 𝑎 + (𝑎 + 𝑑)𝑟 + (𝑎 + 2𝑑)𝑟 2 + … + (𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑)𝑟 𝑛−1

𝑟𝑆𝑛 = + (𝑎 + 𝑑)𝑟 2 + (𝑎 + 2𝑑)𝑟 3 + ⋯ + (𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑)𝑟 𝑛−1 + (𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑)𝑟 𝑛

𝑎𝑟
− − − − −
_________________________________________________________________________________________
𝑆𝑛 (1 − 𝑟) = 𝑎 + 𝑑𝑟 + 𝑑𝑟 2 + …. + 𝑑𝑟 𝑛−1 − (𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑)𝑟 𝑛
 𝑎 𝑑𝑟(1 − 𝑟 𝑛−1 ) (𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑)𝑟 𝑛
⇒ 𝑆𝑛 = + −
1−𝑟 (1 − 𝑟)2 1−𝑟

Note: For 𝑆∞ , If 𝑟 ∈ (−1,1)

𝑎 𝑑𝑟
𝑆∞ = +
1−𝑟 (1 − 𝑟)2

Ex: 𝑆 = 1 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 3 + ⋯ ∞, |𝑥| < 1.

1
Ans: 𝑆 = (1−𝑥)2

Ex: Compute Sum, 𝑆 = 1 + 3𝑥 + 6𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 3 + ⋯ ∞

1
Ans: (1−𝑥)3

4 7 10
Ex: Find sum of 1 + + + + ⋯∞
5 52 53
35
Ans:
16

3 33 333
Ex: 𝑆 = 19 + 192 + 193 + ⋯ ∞
19
Ans:
54

Special Series

Type-I

𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
∑𝑛 = 1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯+ 𝑛 =
2

𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1)
∑ 𝑛 2 = 12 + 22 + ⋯ + 𝑛 2 =
6
2
3
𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
3 3 3
∑𝑛 = 1 + 2 +⋯+ 𝑛 = ( )
2

Proof

𝑘 3 − (𝑘 − 1)3 = 3𝑘 2 − 3𝑘 + 1

⇒ 13 − 03 = 3. 12 − 3.1 + 1
⇒ 23 − 13 = 3. 22 − 3.2 + 1
.
.
.
⇒ 𝑛 − (𝑛 − 1)3 = 3𝑛2 − 3𝑛 + 1
3

____________________________

𝑛3 = 3(12 + 22 + ⋯ + 𝑛2 ) − 3 (∑ 𝑛) + 𝑛
Ex: ∑𝑛𝑛=1(𝑛2 + 𝑛 + 1)
Note:

➢ ∑𝑛𝑟=1(𝑎𝑟 ± 𝑏𝑟) = ∑𝑛𝑟=1 𝑎𝑟 ± ∑𝑛𝑟=1 𝑏𝑟

➢ ∑𝑛𝑟=1 𝑘(𝑎𝑟 ) = 𝑘 ∑𝑛𝑟=1 𝑎𝑟

Ex: Find the value of 312 + 322 + 332 + ⋯ + 502

Ans: 33470

Ex: 32 + 72 + 112 + ⋯ (𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠)

Type-2

Method of difference

𝑇1 , 𝑇2 , 𝑇3 are terms of sequence then then If 𝑇2 − 𝑇1 , 𝑇3 − 𝑇2 , 𝑇4 − 𝑇3 , and so on are in A.P. or G.P.

For such series we 1st compute 𝑛𝑡ℎ term and then 𝑆𝑛 .

i.e., 𝑆𝑛 = ∑ 𝑇𝑛

Ex: 6 + 13 + 22 + 33 + ⋯ 𝑢𝑝𝑡𝑜 𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠.

Ans: ∑(𝑛2 + 4𝑛 + 1)

Ex: 𝑆 = 3 + 8 + 15 + 24 + ⋯ 𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠.
Ans: 𝑆 = ∑(𝑛2 + 2𝑛)

Type-3

Here a series in which each term is composed of reciprocal of product of 𝑟 factors in A.P.

Splitting the 𝑛𝑡ℎ terms as a difference of two terms.

i.e., Create in 𝑁 𝑟 Last – First

1 1 1
Ex: 1.2.3.4 + 2.3.4.5 + 3.4.5.6 + ⋯ 𝑢𝑝 𝑡𝑜 𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠
1 1 1 1
Ans: 𝑆𝑛 = 3 [6 − (𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)] , 𝑆∞ = 18

1 1 1
Ex: 1.3.5 + 3.5.7 + 5.7.9 + ⋯ 𝑢𝑝 𝑡𝑜 𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠
1 1 1 1
Ans: 𝑆𝑛 = 4 [3 − (2𝑛+1)(2𝑛+3)] , 𝑆∞ = 12

Type-4

A series in which each term is composed of 𝑟 factor in 𝐴. 𝑃.

Multiply and divide by (𝑁𝑒𝑥𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡 − 𝑏𝑒𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡)

Ex: 1.2.3.4 + 2.3.4.5 + 3.4.5.6 + ⋯ + 𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠

1
Ans: 𝑆𝑛 = [𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(𝑛 + 3)(𝑛 + 4)]
5
Harmonic Mean

𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 in H.M.

2𝑎𝑐
𝑏=
𝑎+𝑐

Ex: Find harmonic mean of roots of the equation.

𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 + 11 = 0
Ans: 2.2

To insert n – Harmonic mean between 𝒂 and 𝒃

𝑎, 𝐻1 , 𝐻2 , 𝐻3, … , 𝐻𝑛 , 𝑏 in H.P.

1 1 1 1 1 1
, , , ,…, , in A.P.
𝑎 𝐻1 𝐻2 𝐻3 𝐻𝑛 𝑏

1 1
−
𝑑=𝑏 𝑎
𝑛+1

1 1 𝑎𝑏(𝑛 + 1)
= + 𝑑 ⇒ 𝐻1 =
𝐻1 𝑎 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑛

𝐒𝐮𝐦 𝐨𝐟 𝐫𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐨𝐟 𝐢𝐧 𝐇𝐚𝐫𝐦𝐨𝐧𝐢𝐜’𝐬 𝐦𝐞𝐚𝐧 𝐛𝐞𝐭𝐰𝐞𝐞𝐧 𝒂 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝒃

1 1
1 1 1 1 +
+ + + ⋯+ = 𝑛( 𝑎 𝑏)
𝐻1 𝐻2 𝐻3 𝐻𝑛 2

1 1 1 1 1
Ex: Between 1 and , 100 HMs inserted. Find the value of + + +⋯+
100 𝐻1 𝐻2 𝐻3 𝐻100
Ans: 5050

Harmonic Mean of two number 𝒂 and 𝒃

1 1 −1
+ 2
𝐻. 𝑀. = (𝑎 𝑏) =
2 1 1
+
𝑎 𝑏

Harmonic Mean of three number 𝒂, 𝒃 and 𝒄

1 1 1 −1
+ + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑎 −1 3𝑎𝑏𝑐
𝐻. 𝑀. = (𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 ) = ( ) =
3 3𝑎𝑏𝑐 ∑ 𝑎𝑏

Harmonic mean of 𝒂𝟏 , 𝒂𝟐 , 𝒂𝟑 , … , 𝒂𝒏

1 1 1 1 −𝟏
𝑎 + +
𝑎2 𝑎3 + ⋯ + 𝑎𝑛
( 1 )
𝑛
Relation between 𝑨𝑴, 𝑮𝑴, 𝑯𝑴, 𝑹𝑴𝑺

𝑅𝑀𝑆 ≥ 𝐴𝑀 ≥ 𝐺𝑀 ≥ 𝐻𝑀

𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , … , 𝑎𝑛

𝑎12 + 𝑎22 + 𝑎32 + ⋯ + 𝑎𝑛2

𝑅𝑀𝑆 = √ ≥ 𝐴. 𝑀.
𝑛

Note: If all quantity is equal (𝑖. 𝑒. , 𝑎1 = 𝑎2 = 𝑎3 = ⋯ = 𝑎𝑛 ) then equality sign hold.

𝑎−𝑥 𝑎−𝑦 𝑎−𝑧

Ex: = = , 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 in A.P. show that 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 in H.P.
𝑝𝑥 𝑞𝑦 𝑟𝑧

Ex: If roots of the equation 𝑥 3 − 11𝑥 2 + 36𝑥 − 36 = 0 are in H.P. Find the roots.
Ans: 2,3,6

𝑎𝑛 +𝑐 𝑛
Ex: 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are three distinct positive real in H.P., Prove that > 𝑏𝑛
2

𝑝 𝑟 𝑎 𝑐
Ex: 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 in A.P., 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 in H.P. 𝑎𝑝, 𝑏𝑞, 𝑐𝑟 in G.P. Prove that + = +
𝑟 𝑝 𝑐 𝑎

Ex: If roots of the equation 𝑎(𝑏 − 𝑐)𝑥 2 + 𝑏(𝑐 − 𝑎)𝑥 + 𝑐(𝑎 − 𝑏) = 0 are equal, show that 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 in H.P.
 Mathematics
IIT JEE Main/Advance

Sequence and Series Daily Problem Practice-1

1. If 𝑎1 = 3, 𝑎2 = 9, 𝑎3 = 27, … , then general term of this sequence is _______

2. The above sequence is a/an ________ sequence (finite/infinite).
3. The sequence 2,5,8,10 is in arithmetic progression (A.P.) ________ (True/ False)
4. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in A.P., then the middle term is the arithmetic mean of the other two terms. ______
(True/False)
5. If 3 numbers are in A.P., then the middle term is the arithmetic mean of the other two terms.
_______(True/False)
6. Write the general term of the following sequences:
1 2 3
I. , , ,… II. 0, 1, 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 3, 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 5, … III. 1,2,6,24, …
2.3 3.4 4.5
𝑡ℎ
7. The 𝑛 term of a sequence is 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑛 + 2), then 𝑎5 =
A) 15 B) 24 C) 35 D) None of these
8. The 4𝑡ℎ term in the sequence whose 𝑛𝑡ℎ term is 𝑎𝑛 = 2𝑛 .
A) 16 B) 32 C) 8 D) None of these
9. If the 𝑛𝑡ℎ term in the sequence is 𝑎𝑛 = (−1)𝑛−1 5𝑛+1 , then
A) 𝑎1 < 𝑎2 B) 𝑎2 > 𝑎4 C) 𝑎3 > 𝑎4 D) None of these
10. Expand the following general terms and write the first 4 terms:
2
I. 𝑡𝑛 = 𝑒 𝑛 + 𝑛, 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 II. 𝑡𝑛 = (−1)𝑛−1 cos(𝑛𝜋) , 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁
11. In an A.P. if 𝑚 term is 𝑛 and the 𝑛 is 𝑚, where 𝑚 ≠ 𝑛, find the 𝑝𝑡ℎ term.
𝑡ℎ 𝑡ℎ

12. If 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 are in A.P. show that (𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 𝑧)(2𝑦 + 𝑧 − 𝑥)(𝑧 + 𝑥 − 𝑦) = 4𝑥𝑦𝑧.

13. If the sum of 𝑛 terms of an A.P. is 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 and its 𝑚𝑡ℎ term is 164, find the value of 𝑚.
14. A man starts repaying a loan as first instalment of Rs. 100. If he increases the instalment by Rs 5 every
month, what amount he will pay in the 30𝑡ℎ instalment?
15. The arithmetic mean between two numbers is A and S is the sum of n arithmetic means between
these numbers. Then
A) 𝑆 = 𝑛𝐴 B) 𝐴 = 𝑛𝑆 C) 𝐴 = 𝑆 D) None of these
th th
16. The third term of an A.P. is 18 and 7 term is 30. Find the 17 term.
17. The sum of three consecutive terms of an A.P. is 15 and the sum of their squares is 83, find the terms.
18. If 𝑝 times the 𝑝𝑡ℎ term of an A.P. be equal to 𝑞 times the 𝑞 𝑡ℎ term, prove that (𝑝 + 𝑞)𝑡ℎ term is zero.
19. If the sum of 𝑛 terms of an A.P. is (𝑝𝑛 + 𝑞𝑛2 ), where 𝑝 and 𝑞 are constants, find the common
difference and the first term.
20. The sum of first 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 terms of an A.P. is 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 respectively. Show that:
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
(𝑞 − 𝑟) + (𝑟 − 𝑝) + (𝑝 − 𝑞) = 0
𝑝 𝑞 𝑟

ANSWER
𝑛
1. 𝑎𝑛 = 3 2. Infinite 3. False 4. True
𝑛
5. True 6. I. 𝑡𝑛 = (𝑛+1)(𝑛+2) , 𝑛 II. 𝑡𝑛 = 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑛, 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁
III. 𝑡𝑛 = 1.2.3.4 … (𝑛 − 1)𝑛 = 𝑛! 7. C 8. A
9. B 10. B 11. 𝑛 + 𝑚 − 𝑝 12. Proof
13. 27 14. Rs. 245 15. A 16. 60
17. 3, 5 and 7 or 7, 5 and 3 19. 𝑑 = 2𝑞, 𝑎 = 𝑝 + 𝑞
 Mathematics
IIT JEE Main/Advance

Sequence and Series Daily Problem Practice-A.P.-2

1. Sum of all integers between 100 and 200 which are not divisible by 2 is
A) 7000 B) 7550 C) 7500 D) 7250
2. How many terms of the series 2 + 7 + 12 + ⋯ must be to give a sum equal to 297?
A) 10 B) 11 C) 13 D) 12
3. If the fourth power of the common difference of an A.P. with integer entries is added to the product
of any four consecutive terms of it, then the resulting sum is
A) an even integer B) an odd integer
C) the square of an integer D) the cube of an integer
4. Insert 6 numbers between 3 and 24 such that the resulting sequence is an A.P.
5. In A.P., the first term is 2 and the sum of the first five terms is one-fourth of the next five times. Show
that 20th term is −112.
𝑚2
6. The ratio of the sum of 𝑚 and 𝑛 terms of an A.P is . Prove that the ratio of the 𝑚𝑡ℎ and 𝑛𝑡ℎ term is
𝑛2
2𝑚−1
.
2𝑛−1
7. Between 1 and 31, 𝑚 numbers have been inserted in such a way that the resulting sequence is an A.P.
and the ratio of 7𝑡ℎ and (𝑚 − 1)𝑡ℎ numbers is 5: 9. Find the value of 𝑚.
8. The number of numbers lying between 100 and 500 that are divisible by 7 but not by 21 is:
A) 57 B) 19 C) 38 D) None of these
9. If the first, second and last terms of an A.P. are 𝑎, 𝑏 and 2𝑎 respectively, then its sum is:
𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑏 3𝑎𝑏
A) B) C) D) None of these
2(𝑏−𝑎) 𝑏−𝑎 2(𝑏−𝑎)
10. Three numbers are in A.P., such that their sum is 18 and sum of their square is 158. The
greatest among them is
A) 10 B) 11 C) 12 D) None of these
𝑎 +𝑎 +⋯+𝑎 𝑝2 𝑎
11. Let 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , … be terms of an A.P. If 𝑎1 +𝑎2 +⋯+𝑎𝑝 = 𝑞2 , 𝑝 ≠ 𝑞, then 𝑎 6 equals.
1 2 𝑞 21
41 7 2 11
A) B) C) D)
11 2 7 41
17
12. If 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 2, 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 (2𝑥 − 3) and 𝑙𝑜𝑔5 ( + 2𝑥−1 ) are in A.P., then the value of 𝑥 is
2
A) 0 B) −1 C) 3 D) None of these
2
13. Insert 𝑥 arithmetic means between 𝑥 and 1.
14. The sums of 𝑛 terms of two arithmetic series are in the ratio of 7n+1:4n+27; Find the ratio of their
11th terms.
15. If 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , … , 𝑎𝑛 are in arithmetic progression, where 𝑎𝑖 > 0, ∀ 𝑖, then show that
1 1 1 𝑛−1
+ +⋯+ =
𝑎 + 𝑎
√ 1 √ 2 √𝑎2 + √𝑎3 √𝑎𝑛−1 + √𝑎𝑛 √𝑎1 + √𝑎𝑛

ANSWER

1. C 2. B 3. C 4. 6,9,12,15,18 and 21
5. Proof 6. Proof 7. 14 8. C
9. C 10. B 11. D 12. C
4
13. 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1, 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2, … 14. 15. Proof
3
 Sequence and Series
DDP-3

1. Sum 2𝑎 − 𝑏, 4𝑎 − 3𝑏, 6𝑎 − 5𝑏, … to n terms.

2. The sum of 15 terms of an A.P is 600, and the common difference is 5, Find the first term.
3. The sums of 𝑛 terms of two arithmetic series are in the ratio of 7𝑛 + 1: 4𝑛 + 27, Find the ratio of
their 11th terms.
4. If 𝑆1 , 𝑆2 , 𝑆3 , … , 𝑆𝑝 are the sums of 𝑛 terms of arithmetic series whose first terms are 1, 2 ,3 ,4 , … and
whose common difference are 1, 3, 5, 7 … find the value of 𝑆1 + 𝑆2 + 𝑆3 + … + 𝑆𝑝 .
5. The sum of 𝑝 terms of an A.P is 𝑞, and the sum of 𝑞 terms is 𝑝; find the sum of 𝑝 + 𝑞 terms.
6. Suppose that all the terms of an arithmetic progression are natural numbers. If the ratio of the first
seven terms to the sum of the first eleven term is 6: 11 and the seventh term lies in between 130 and
140. then the common difference of this A.P is.
7. The interior angles of a polygon are in arithmetic progression. The smallest angle is 120𝑜 and the
common difference is 5𝑜 . Find the number of sides of the polygon.
8. The sum of integers from 1 to 100 that are divisible by 2 or 5 is
9. For any three positive real numbers 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 if 9(25𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 ) + 25(𝑐 2 − 3𝑎𝑐) = 15𝑏(3𝑎 + 𝑐), then
A) 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑎 are in G.P B) 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑎 are in A.P
C) 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 are in A.P D) 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 are in G.P
10. The sequence 2, 4, 8, 16, … is in geometric progression. __________ (True/ False)
11. The 𝑛𝑡ℎ term of a geometric progression is given by _________.
12. The geometric mean of two numbers a, b is given by __________.
𝑎4 1
13. Let 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , … , 𝑎𝑛 be a G.P. such that = and 𝑎2 + 𝑎5 = 216. Then 𝑎1 =
𝑎6 4
108 54
A) 12 or B) 10 C) 7 or D) None of these
7 7
14. The third term of a G.P. is 4. The product of first five terms is
A) 43 B) 45 C) 44 D) None of these
15. In a G.P. of positive terms, any term is equal to the sum of the next two terms. Then, the common
ratio of the G.P. is
√5−1 √5+1 √5+1 1−√5
A) B) C) − D)
2 2 2 2
16. How many terms of the G.P. 3, 32 , 33 , … are needed to give the sum of 120?
17. The sum of first three terms of a G.P. is 16 and the sum of the next three terms is 128. Determine the
first term and the common ratio of the G.P.
18. You have given two options for pocket money: Rs. 1000 per day, or Rs. 1 on the first day, Rs. 2 on the
2nd, Rs. 4 on the 3rd, which restarts at Rs. 1 every 2 weeks i.e., 15th day. Which is a better option.
19. Three numbers form an increasing G.P. If the middle number is doubled, then the new numbers are in
A.P. The common ratio of the G.P is
A) 2 − √3 B) 2 + √3 C) √3 − 2 D) 3 + √2
𝑎𝑛 +𝑏 𝑛
20. If is a G.M. between 𝑎 and 𝑏, then the value of 𝑛 is
𝑎𝑛−1 +𝑏 𝑛−1
1
A) 0 B) 1 C) D) None of these
2

Answer
2 𝑛𝑝
1. 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)𝑎 − 𝑛 𝑏 2. 5 3. 4:3 4. (𝑛𝑝 + 1)
2
5. −(𝑝 + 𝑞) 6. 9 7. 9 8. 3050
𝑛−1
9. B 10. true 11. 𝑎𝑟 12.√𝑎𝑏
13. A 14. B 15. A 16. 4
16
17. ,2 18. Option 2 19. B 20. C
7
Sequence and Series Daily Problem Practice-4

1. How many terms of the series: √3, 3, 3√3, … add up to 39 + 13√3?

1 16
2. The 5𝑡ℎ term of a G.P. is and the 9𝑡ℎ term is . Find the 4𝑡ℎ term. Also find the sum of first 10
3 243
terms of the G.P.
3. If the 1𝑠𝑡 and the 𝑛𝑡ℎ term of a G.P. are 𝑎 and 𝑏, respectively, and if P is the product of n term, then
prove that 𝑝2 = (𝑎𝑏)𝑛 .
4. The first and second term of a G.P. are 𝑥 −4 and 𝑥 𝑛 respectively. If 𝑥 52 is the eighth term of the same
progression, then 𝑛 is equal to
A) 13 B) 4 C) 5 D) 3
𝑎4 1
5. Let 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , … , 𝑎𝑛 be a G.P. such that = and 𝑎2 + 𝑎5 = 216. Then 𝑎1 =
𝑎6 4
108 54
A) 12 or B) 10 C) 7 or D) None of these
7 7
𝐴1 +𝐴2
6. If 𝐴1 , 𝐴2 be two 𝐴. 𝑀. and 𝐺1 , 𝐺2 be two 𝐺. 𝑀 between 𝑎 and 𝑏, then is equal to
𝐺1 𝐺2
𝑎+𝑏 2𝑎𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 𝑎+𝑏
A) B) C) D)
2𝑎𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 𝑎𝑏 √𝑎𝑏
7. If A and G be A.M. and G.M., respectively between two positive numbers, then prove that the
numbers are 𝐴 ± √(𝐴 + 𝐺)(𝐴 − 𝐺).
8. If 𝑎 is the A.M. of 𝑏 and 𝑐 and the two geometric means 𝐺1 and 𝐺2 are inserted between 𝑏 and 𝑐 such
that 𝐺13 + 𝐺23 = 𝜆𝑎𝑏𝑐, then 𝜆 =
1
A) 1 B) 2 C) D) 3
2
9. If 5 A.M. are inserted between 4 and 70, then what is the largest number out of the 5 means
A) 50 B) 45 C) 59 D) 79
10. If one geometric mean G and two arithmetic means 𝐴1 and 𝐴2 are inserted between two given
quantities, then (2𝐴1 − 𝐴2 )(2𝐴2 − 𝐴1 ) =
A) 2G B) G C) 𝐺 2 D) 𝐺 3
1 2
11. The sequence , , 1,2 is in harmonic progression. _______ (𝑇𝑟𝑢𝑒/𝐹𝑎𝑙𝑠𝑒)
2 3
12. If 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , … are in H.P., then the common difference d of the corresponding A.P. is given by ______
13. The harmonic mean of two numbers 𝑎, 𝑏 is given by_______
8 8
14. Find the 10th term of the series: 8, , …
3 5
15. The 𝑚𝑡ℎ term of an H.P. is 𝑛 and 𝑛𝑡ℎ term is 𝑚. then the (𝑚 + 𝑛)𝑡ℎ and (𝑚𝑛)𝑡ℎ terms of H.P.
16. If 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 and 𝑎3 in H.P. then the expression 𝑎1 𝑎2 + 𝑎2 𝑎3 is equal to
A) 3(𝑎1 − 𝑎3 ) B) 2(𝑎1 − 𝑎3 ) C) 3(𝑎1 𝑎3 ) D) 2(𝑎1 𝑎3 )
17. If the A.M. of two numbers exceeds the G.M. by and their H.M. by 16, find the numbers.
1 1 1
18. If 𝑥 > 1, 𝑦 > 1, 𝑧 > 1 are in G.P., then , , are in
1+ln 𝑥 1+ln 𝑦 1+ln 𝑧
A) A.P. B) H.P. C) G.P. D) None of these
2 2 2 2
19. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 are 𝑝 are distinct real numbers such that (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 )𝑝 − 2𝑝(𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏𝑐 + 𝑐𝑑) +
(𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 + 𝑑 2 ) ≤ 0, Then 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 are in
A) A.P. B) G.P. C) H.P. D) 𝑎𝑏 = 𝑐𝑑
1 1 1 1
20. If + = + , then 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in:
𝑏−𝑎 𝑏−𝑐 𝑎 𝑐
A) A.P. B) G.P. C) H.P. D) None of these
ANSWER
1 81 310 −210 81 310 −210
1. 6 2. 𝑇4 = ± ; 𝑆10 = ( ) , 𝑜𝑟 ( ) 4. B 5. A
2 16 310 10 310
1 1
6. C 8. B 9. C 10. C 11. True 12. −
𝑎𝑛 𝑎𝑛−1
2𝑎𝑏 𝟖 𝑚𝑛
13. 14. 15. 𝑇𝑚+𝑛 = ; 𝑇𝑚𝑛 = 1 16. D 17. 5, 45
𝑎+𝑏 𝟏𝟗 𝑚+𝑛
18. B 19. B 20. C
Sequence and Series Daily Problem Practice-5

1 1 1
1. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in A.P., then , , are in:
√𝑏+√𝑐 √𝑐+√𝑎 √𝑎+√𝑏
A) A.P. B) G.P. C) H.P. D) None of these
1 1 1
2. The following consecutive terms , , of a series are in:
1+√𝑥 1−𝑥 1−√𝑥
A) H.P. B) G.P. C) A.P. D) A.G.P
3. In a G.P the first term is 7, the last term 448, and the sum 889; Find the common ratio.
4. The continued product of three numbers in G.P is 216, and the sum of the products of them in pairs is
156. Find the numbers.
5. If the 𝑝𝑡ℎ , 𝑞 𝑡ℎ , 𝑟 𝑡ℎ terms of a G.P be 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 respectively, prove that 𝑎𝑞−𝑟 𝑏 𝑟−𝑝 𝑐 𝑝−𝑞 = 1.
6. The sum of an infinite number of terms of a G.P is 4 and the sum of their cubes is 192 find the series.
3 5 7
7. Sum 1 + + + + ⋯ to infinity.
2 4 8
8. Sum 1 + 3𝑥 + 6𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 3 + ⋯ to infinity, 𝑥 being < 1.
9. Find the sum of the infinite series 1 + (1 + 𝑏)𝑟 + (1 + 𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )𝑟 2 + (1 + 𝑏 + 𝑏 2 + 𝑏 3 )𝑟 3 + ⋯, 𝑟 and
𝑏 being proper fractions.
𝑏
10. Let 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 be positive integers such that is an integer. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in geometric progression and the
𝑎
𝑎2 +𝑎−14
arithmetic mean of 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 is 𝑏 + 2 then the value of is
𝑎+1
3 3 2 3 3 3 𝑛
11. Let 𝐴𝑛 = ( ) − ( ) + ( ) + ⋯ + (−1)𝑛 ( ) ; 𝐵𝑛 = 1 − 𝐴𝑛 . Find a least odd natural number 𝑛𝑜 ,
4 4 4 4
so that 𝐵𝑛 > 𝐴𝑛 , ∀ 𝑛 ≥ 𝑛𝑜
12. If 𝑆1 , 𝑆2 , 𝑆3 , … 𝑆𝑛 are the sum of infinite geometric series, whose first terms are 1, 2, 3, … , 𝑛 and whose
1 1 1 1
common ratio are , , , … , respectively then find the values of 𝑆1 2 + 𝑆2 2 + 𝑆3 2 + ⋯ + 𝑆2𝑛−1
2
.
2 3 4 𝑛+1
13. The sum of first 20 terms of the sequence 0.7, 0.77, 0.777, … is
14. If the 2𝑛𝑑 , 5𝑡ℎ and 9𝑡ℎ terms of a non-constant A.P are in G.P, then the common ratio in this G.P is.
4 7 10
15. Sum of the series of 1 + + + … to 𝑛 terms.
5 52 53
16. Sum to 𝑛 terms the series whose 𝑛th term is 2𝑛−1 + 8𝑛3 − 6𝑛2 .
17. Sum of the series 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + ⋯ to n terms.
18. If 𝑎2 , 𝑏 2 , 𝑐 2 are in A.P, shew that 𝑏 + 𝑐, 𝑐 + 𝑎, 𝑎 + 𝑏 are in H.P.
19. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 be in H.P., shew that 𝑎: 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 𝑐: 𝑎 − 𝑐
1 1 1
20. Sum to 𝑛 terms + + +⋯
1.3.5 3.5.7 5.7.9

Answer

𝟏. A 2. C 3. 2 4. 2, 6, 18
1 1 1
6. 6, -3, 1 , ... 7. 6 8. (𝑥−1)3 9. (1−𝑟)(1−𝑏𝑟)
2
1
10. 4 11.7 12. (𝑛)(2𝑛 + 1)(4𝑛 + 1) − 1
3
7 4 35 12𝑛+7
13. (179 + 10−20 ) 14. 15. − 16. 2 − 1 + 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛2 − 1)
𝑛
81 3 16 16.5𝑛−1
𝑛(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2) 1 1 1
17. 20. − . (2𝑛+1)(2𝑛+3).
3 12 4
Sequence and Series Daily Problem Practice- 6

1. The sigma notation for the series 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ⋯ + 𝑛 is ______

2. Expand the sigma notation into a series ∑𝑛𝑖=0(2𝑖 + 1).
3. Represent the sum of cubes of first 𝑛 natural numbers in sigma notation.
4. The general term of the sequence 2.3, 4.9, 6.27, … is _______
4 7 10
5. The general term of the sequence 1, , , , … is ________
5 52 53
6. Find the general term for each of the following sequences:
1 1 1 1
I. + + + … up to n terms.
2∙4 3∙5 4∙6 5.7
1 2 3
II. + + + ⋯ up to 𝑛 terms
1+12 +14 1+22 +24 1+32 +34
III. 5 + 11 + 19 + 29 + 41 + ⋯ up to n terms
7. Find the sum of 𝑛 terms of the series whose term is 𝑛𝑡ℎ term is 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 4).
8. Derive the formula for the sum of an A.P. by using the summation of general term of an A.P.
9. Find the sum of (3 × 8) + (6 × 11) + (9 × 14) + ⋯ up to 𝑛 terms.
10. The sum of the series 112 + 122 + 132 + ⋯ + 252 is
A) 5525 B) 5140 C) 5410 D) 5040
1+2 1+2+3 1+2+3+4
11. The sum of the series 1 + + + + ⋯ up to 20 terms is
2 3 4
A) 115 B) 460 C) 120 D) 1500
2 2 2
12. The sum of the series 1 + 3 + 5 + ⋯ up to 𝑛 terms is
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
A) (4𝑛2 + 1) B) (4𝑛2 − 1) C) (4𝑛2 + 2) D) (4𝑛2 − 1)
3 3 3 4
13. Compute the sum of the following series up to 𝑛 terms
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
I. + + +⋯ II. + + + +⋯
1×2 2×3 3×4 2.4 3.5 4.6 5.7
4 7 10
III. 1 + 3𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 7𝑥 3 + ⋯ 2
IV. 1 + + + +⋯
5 52 53
14. The sum of series 𝑎 − (𝑎 + 𝑑) + (𝑎 + 2𝑑) − (𝑎 + 3𝑑) + ⋯ up to (2𝑛 + 1) terms is
A) −𝑛𝑑 B) 𝑎 + 2𝑛𝑑 C) 𝑎 + 𝑛𝑑 D) 2𝑛𝑑
15. Find the sum of 0.6 + 0.66 + 0.666 + ⋯ up to 𝑛 terms
16. Find the sum of 1 × 2 × 3 + 2 × 3 × 4 + 3 × 4 × 5 + ⋯ up to 𝑛 terms
17. Using the sum of the first 𝑛 odd numbers to be 𝑛2 , find the sum of first 𝑛 even numbers
13 13 +23 13 +23 +33
18. Find the sum of 𝑛 terms of the series: + + +⋯
1 1+3 1+3+5
19. Find the sum to 𝑛 terms of the series: 5 + 11 + 19 + 29 + 41 + ⋯
14 24 34
20. Find the sum of + + + ⋯ up to 𝑛 terms.
1.3 3.5 5.7
Answer

1. ∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑖 2. 1 + 3 + ⋯ + (2𝑛 + 1) 3. ∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝑖 3 4. 2𝑛. 3𝑛

3𝑛−2 1 𝑛
5. 6. I. 𝑡𝑛 = (1+𝑛)(3+𝑛) II. 𝑡𝑛 = III. 𝑡𝑛 = 𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1
5𝑛−1 1+𝑛2 +𝑛4
𝑛4 13𝑛3 19𝑛2 17𝑛 𝑛
7. 𝑆𝑛 = + + + 8. 𝑆𝑛 = (2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑)
4 6 4 6 2
9. 𝑆𝑛 = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(3𝑛 + 9) 10. B 11. A 12. B
𝑛 𝑛(5𝑛+13) (1−2𝑛)𝑥 𝑛+1 +(2𝑛−1)𝑥 𝑛 −𝑥−1
13. I. II. III. (𝑥−1)2
𝑛+1 12(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3)
1 1
5 15 1 (3𝑛−2) 6𝑛 6 (10(10𝑛−1))
IV + (1 − 𝑛−1 ) − 14. C 15. − 1
4 16 5 4×5𝑛−1 9 9 ( −1)
10
𝑛(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)(𝑛+3) 𝑛(2𝑛2 +9𝑛+13) 𝑛(𝑛+2)(𝑛+4)
16. 17. 𝑛2 + 𝑛 18. 19.
4 24 3
𝑛(𝑛+1)(2𝑛+1) 𝑛 𝑛
20. + +
24 16 16(2𝑛+1)
Sequence and Series Daily Problem Practice- 7

1 1 1 1
1. Sum of the series + + +⋯+ .
1∙4 2∙5 3∙6 𝑛(𝑛+3)
2. Sum of the Series 2∙ 5 ∙ 8 + 5 ∙ 8 ∙ 11 + 8 ∙ 11 ∙ 14 + ⋯ up to 𝑛 terms.
3. Sum of the Series 203 − 193 + 183 − ⋯ + 23 − 1
4. Sum of the Series 1∙ 22 + 2 ∙ 32 + 3 ∙ 42 + ⋯ up to 𝑛 terms.
1 2 3
5. Find the sum of 𝑛 terms of the series + + +⋯
1+12 +14 1+22 +24 1+32 +34
2 3 35
6. If the sum to infinity of the series 1 + 4𝑥 + 7𝑥 + 10𝑥 + ⋯ is then find 𝑥.
16
3
7. If 12 and 9 are the geometric and harmonic means, respectively, between two numbers, find them.
5
8. If 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 are three consecutive terms of a G.P. with common ratio K. Find all the values of K for
which the inequality 𝑎3 > 4𝑎2 − 3𝑎1 , is satisfied.
9. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 be in H.P., shew that 𝑎: 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 𝑎 + 𝑐: 𝑎 − 𝑐.
10. If roots of the equation 𝑎(𝑏 − 𝑐)𝑥 2 + 𝑏(𝑐 − 𝑎)𝑥 + 𝑐(𝑎 − 𝑏) = 0 are equal, show that 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 in H.P.
𝑝 𝑟 𝑎 𝑐
11. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 in A. P. 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 in H. P. and 𝑎𝑝, 𝑏𝑞, 𝑐𝑟 in G. P. than prove that + = + .
𝑟 𝑝 𝑐 𝑎
12. If roots of the equation 𝑥 3 − 11𝑥 2 + 36𝑥 − 36 = 0 are in H. P. Find the roots.
𝜋
13. If for 0< 𝑥 < , exp [ln2(𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛6 𝑥 + ⋯ ∞.] Satisfies the quadratic equation 𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 +
2
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
8 = 0, find the value of .
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
8 16 24
14. Evaluate the sum of n terms of the series + + +⋯
5 65 325
1 4 9 16
15. Find out the largest term of the sequence , , , ,…
503 524 581 692
1
16. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are positive real numbers such that 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 1 then the find the minimum value of +
𝑎𝑏
1 1
+ .
𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑐
3 5 7
17. Find the sum of the infinite series + + +⋯
12 .22 22 .32 32 .4 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 1 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑛+2 𝜃 1 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑛+2 𝜃
18. If 𝜃 and 𝛼 two real numbers such that , , are in A.P. prove that , , are also
𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛼 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛼 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑛 𝛼 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑛 𝛼
in A.P.

𝑛+1 2𝑛
19. Show that 𝑛𝑛 ( ) > (𝑛!)3 .
2
1 1 1 1
20. If b is the harmonic mean between 𝑎 and 𝑐 prove that + = + .
𝑏−𝑎 𝑏−𝑐 𝑎 𝑐

ANSWER

11 1 1 1 1 1 20
1. − ( + + ) 2. (3𝑛 − 1)(3𝑛 + 2)(3𝑛 + 5)(3𝑛 + 8) + 3. 4300
8 3 𝑛+1 𝑛+2 𝑛+3 12 3
1 𝑛(𝑛+1) 1
4. 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(𝑛 + 2)(3𝑛 + 5) 5. 6. 𝑥 = 7. 6 and 24
12 2(𝑛2 +𝑛+1) 5
4𝑛2 +4𝑛
8. 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅 − {1, 3} 12. 2,3,6 13. 2 − √3 14.
2𝑛2 +2𝑛+1
15. 𝑇7 16. 27 17. 1
Sequence and Series Assignment

1. Four numbers form a geometric progression in which the third term is greater than the first term by 9,
and the second term is greater than 4th by 18. Find the value of common ratio.
A) −1 B) −2 C) −3 D) −4
𝑆3𝑛
2. Let 𝑆𝑛 denote the sum of first 𝑛 terms of an A.P. if 𝑆2𝑛 = 3𝑆𝑛 then the ratio is equal to
𝑆𝑛
A) 4 B) 6 C) 8 D) 10
3. A tennis ball is dropped from a height of 10m. Each time, it bounces back to half the original height. Find
the total distance travels.
A) 10 B) 20 C) 25 D) 30
4. The first term of an infinite G.P. is 1 and any term is the sum of all that follow it. Find the common ratio of
infinite G.P.
1 1 1 1
A) B) C) D)
2 4 8 16
5. If 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , … is an 𝐴. 𝑃. such that 𝑎1 + 𝑎5 + 𝑎10 + 𝑎15 + 𝑎20 + 𝑎24 = 225 then 𝑎1 + 𝑎2 + 𝑎3 + ⋯ +
𝑎23 + 𝑎24 is equal to
A) 909 B) 75 C) 750 D) 900
2 12
6. If the first two terms of an 𝐻. 𝑃. are and respectively. Then the largest term is
5 23
th th
A) 5 term B) 6 term C) 4th term D) 7th term
7. In a 𝐺. 𝑃. of positive terms, any term is equal to the sum of the next two terms. Then, the common ratio
of the 𝐺. 𝑃. is
√5−1 √5+1 √5+1 1−√5
A) B) C) − D)
2 2 2 2
8. There are four numbers of which the first three are in G.P. and the last three in A.P., whose common
difference is 6. If the first number and the last number are equal, then the common ratio of the first three
numbers that are in G.P. is
1 1
A) 1 B) − C) D) 2
2 2
2 (12 2) (12 2 2)
9. Find the sum of 1 + +2 + +2 +3 + ⋯ up to n terms.
𝑛(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2) 𝑛(𝑛+1)2 (𝑛+2) 𝑛(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2)2
A) B) C) D) None of these
12 12 12
10. Let the sequence 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , … , 𝑎𝑛 , form an 𝐴. 𝑃. then, 𝑎12 − 𝑎22
+ 𝑎32 − 𝑎42 + ⋯+ 2
𝑎2𝑛−1 2
− 𝑎2𝑛 is equal to
𝑛 2𝑛 𝑛
A) (𝑎12 − 𝑎2𝑛
2 )
B) 2
(𝑎2𝑛 − 𝑎12 ) C) (𝑎12 + 𝑎2𝑛
2 )
D) None of these
2𝑛−1 𝑛−1 𝑛+1
11. The number of common terms to the two sequences 17, 21, 25, … , 417 and 16, 21, 26, … , 466 is
A) 21 B) 19 C) 20 D) 91
12. The sum of 𝑛 terms of 1. 32 + 3. 52 + 5. 72 + ⋯
1 1
A) 𝑛(6𝑛3 + 16𝑛2 + 9𝑛 − 4) B) 𝑛(16𝑛3 + 6𝑛2 + 9𝑛 − 4)
3 3
1 1
C) 𝑛(6𝑛3 − 16𝑛2 + 9𝑛 − 4) D) 𝑛(16𝑛3 − 6𝑛2 + 9𝑛 − 4)
3 3
13. The largest value of the positive integer 𝑘 for which 𝑛𝑘 + 1 divides 1 + 𝑛 + 𝑛2 + ⋯ + 𝑛127 is
A) 8 B) 16 C) 32 D) 64
14. If 𝑛 is an odd integer greater than or equal to 1 then the value of 𝑛3 − (𝑛 − 1)3 + (𝑛 − 2)3 − ⋯ +
(−1)𝑛−1 13 , is
(𝑛+1)2 (2𝑛−1) (𝑛−1)2 (2𝑛−1) (𝑛+1)2 (2𝑛+1)
A) B) C) D) None of these
4 4 4
1 1 1
15. Value of + + + ⋯ 𝑛 terms, is equal to:
√3+√7 √7+√11 √11+√15
1 1 1 1
A) (√4𝑛 + 3 − √3) B) (√4𝑛 + 3 + √3) C) (√4𝑛 + 3 − √3) D) (√4𝑛 + 3 + √3)
4 4 2 2
1 1 1
16. Value of 1 + + + ⋯+ is equal to:
1+2 1+2+3 1+2+3+⋯+𝑛
2𝑛 3𝑛 4𝑛
A) B) C) D) None of these
𝑛+1 2𝑛+1 3𝑛+1
1 12 +22 12 +22 +32
17. Find the value of + + + ⋯ up to 𝑛 terms
2 3 4
𝑛(𝑛+1)(4𝑛+5) 𝑛(𝑛+1)(2𝑛+1) 𝑛(𝑛+1)(4𝑛+5) 𝑛(𝑛+1)(4𝑛+5)
A) B) C) D)
36 36 26 6
 1 1 1 𝜋4 1 1 1
18. It is given that + + + ⋯ to ∞ = , Then + + + ⋯ to ∞ is equal to:
14 24 34 90 14 34 54
𝜋4 𝜋4 89𝜋4
A) B) C) D) None of these
96 45 90
1
19. If ∑𝑛𝑟=1 𝐼(𝑟) = (3𝑛 − 1). Then ∑𝑛𝑟=1 is equal to:
𝐼(𝑟)
1 𝑛 1 𝑛 3 1 𝑛
A) 2 (1 − ( ) ) B) (1 − ( ) ) C) (1 − ( ) ) D) None of these
3 3 4 3
1
20. Let 𝑆𝑘 = ∑∞
𝑖=0 (𝑘+1)𝑖 . Then ∑𝑛𝑘=1 𝑘𝑆𝑘 equals
𝑛(𝑛+1) 𝑛(𝑛−1) 𝑛(𝑛+2) 𝑛(𝑛+3)
A) B) C) D)
2 2 2 2
21. The third term of a geometric progression is 4. The product of the first five terms is
A) 43 B) 45 C) 44 D) None of these
22. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in 𝐺. 𝑃., then the equations 𝑎𝑥 + 2𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 and 𝑑𝑥 2 + 2𝑒𝑥 + 𝑓 = 0 have a common
2
𝑑 𝑒 𝑓
root, if , , are in
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
A) 𝐴. 𝑃. B) 𝐺. 𝑃. C) 𝐻. 𝑃. D) None of these
23. In a triangle the lengths of the two larger sides are 10 and 9, respectively. If the angles are in 𝐴. 𝑃., then
the length of the third side can be
A) √19 B) 3√3 C) 5 D) None of these
24. The product of 𝑛 positive number is unity, then their sum is
1
A) a positive integer B) divisible by 𝑛 C) equal to 𝑛 + D) never less than 𝑛
𝑛
25. The five geometric means between 3 and 192 are
A) 6, 12, 24, 48, 96 B) 6, 12, 24, 48, 86 C) 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 D) 12, 24, 36, 48, 96
2
26. The harmonic mean of the roots of the equation (5 + √2)𝑥 − (4 + √5)𝑥 + 8 + 2√5 = 0 is
A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8
27. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 are positive real numbers such that 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 + 𝑑 = 2, then 𝑀 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑐 + 𝑑) satisfies the
relation
A) 0 < 𝑀 ≤ 1 B) 1 ≤ 𝑀 ≤ 2 C) 2 ≤ 𝑀 ≤ 3 D) 3 ≤ 𝑀 ≤ 4
2 2
28. Let 𝛼, 𝛽 be the roots of 𝑥 − 𝑥 + 𝑝 = 0 and 𝛾, 𝛿 be the roots 𝑥 − 4𝑥 + 𝑞 = 0. If 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾, 𝛿 are in G.P.,
then the integer values of 𝑝 and 𝑞 respectively are
A) −2, −32 B) −1, 3 C) −6, 3 D) −6, −32
29. Let the positive numbers 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐, 𝑑 are in A.P. Then 𝑎𝑏𝑐, 𝑎𝑏𝑑, 𝑎𝑐𝑑, 𝑏𝑐𝑑 are
A) not in 𝐴𝑃/𝐺𝑃/𝐻𝑃 B) in 𝐴𝑃 C) in 𝐺𝑃 D) in 𝐻𝑃
3
30. Suppose 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in 𝐴. 𝑃., and 𝑎2 , 𝑏 2 , 𝑐 2 are in 𝐺. 𝑃. If 𝑎 < 𝑏 < 𝑐 and 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = , then the value of 𝑎
2
is
1 1 1 1 1 1
A) B) C) − D) −
2√2 2√3 2 √3 2 √2
31. An infinite 𝐺𝑃 has first term 𝑥 and sum 5, then 𝑥 belongs to
A) 𝑥 < −10 B) −10 < 𝑥 < 0 C) 0 < 𝑥 < 10 D) 𝑥 > 10
𝑘−1
32. Let 𝑆𝑘 , 𝑘 = 1,2, … 100, denote the sum of the infinite geometric series whose first term is and the
𝑘!
1 1002
common ratio is . Then the value of + ∑100 2
𝑘=1|(𝑘 − 3𝑘 + 1)𝑆𝑘 | is
𝑘 100!
A) 2 B) 4 C) 6 D) 8
33. The interior angles of a polygon are in arithmetic progression. The smallest angle is 120𝑜 and the
common difference is 5𝑜 . Find the number of sides of the polygon.
A) 6 B) 7 C) 8 D) 9
34. Let the angles 𝐴, 𝐵, 𝐶 of a triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 be in 𝐴𝑃 and let 𝑏: 𝑐 = √3: √2. Find the angle 𝐴.
A) 45𝑜 B) 60𝑜 C) 75𝑜 D) 90𝑜
35. If 𝑝 and 𝑞 are positive real numbers such that 𝑝2 + 𝑞 2 = 1, then the maximum value of (𝑝 + 𝑞) is
1 1
A) 2 B) C) D) √2
2 √2
36. If 𝑆1 , 𝑆2 , 𝑆3 , … , 𝑆𝑛 are the sum of infinite geometric series, whose first terms are 1,2,3, … , 𝑛 and whose
1 1 1 1
common ratios are , , , … , respectively, then find the value of 𝑆12 + 𝑆22 + 𝑆32 + ⋯ + 𝑆2𝑛−1
2
.
2 3 4 𝑛+1
 1 1
A) (2𝑛)(2𝑛 + 1)(4𝑛 + 1) B) (2𝑛)(2𝑛 + 1)(4𝑛 + 1) − 1
6 6
1
C) (2𝑛)(2𝑛 + 1)(4𝑛 + 1) + 1 D) None of these
6
3 3 2 3 3 3 𝑛
37. Let 𝐴𝑛 = ( ) − ( ) + ( ) + ⋯ + (−1)𝑛−1 ( ) , 𝐵𝑛 = 1 − 𝐴𝑛 . Find a least odd number 𝑛0 , so that 𝐵𝑛 >
4 4 4 4
𝐴𝑛 ∀𝑛 ≥ 𝑛0 .
A) 5 B) 6 C) 7 D) 8
𝑡ℎ 1
38. Let 𝑇𝑟 be the 𝑟 term of an A.P., for 𝑟 = 1,2, … If for some positive integers 𝑚, 𝑛 we have 𝑇𝑚 = and
𝑛
1
𝑇𝑛 = , then 𝑇𝑚𝑛 equals
𝑚
1 1 1
A) B) + C) 1 D) 0
𝑚𝑛 𝑚 𝑛
39. Let 𝑇𝑟 be the 𝑟 𝑡ℎ term of an A.P., whose first term is 𝑎 and common difference is 𝑑. If for some positive
1 1
integers 𝑚 and 𝑛, 𝑚 ≠ 𝑛, 𝑇𝑚 = and 𝑇𝑛 = , then 𝑎 − 𝑑 equals
𝑛 𝑚
1 1 1
A) + B) 1 C) D) 0
𝑚 𝑛 𝑚𝑛
𝑡ℎ
40. If 𝑎𝑛 be the 𝑛 term of an A.P., and if 𝑎7 = 15, then the value of the common difference that would
make 𝑎2 𝑎7 𝑎12 greatest is
9
A) 9 B) C) 0 D) 18
4
41. If 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , … 𝑎𝑛 are in 𝐻. 𝑃., then the expression 𝑎1 𝑎2 + 𝑎2 𝑎3 + ⋯ + 𝑎𝑛−1 𝑎𝑛 is equal to
A) 𝑛(𝑎1 − 𝑎𝑛 ) B) (𝑛 − 1)(𝑎1 − 𝑎𝑛 ) C) 𝑛𝑎1 𝑎𝑛 D) (𝑛 − 1)𝑎1 𝑎𝑛
42. The first two terms of a geometric progression add up to 12. The sum of the third and the fourth term is
48. If the terms of the geometric progression are alternately positive and negative, then the first term is
A) 12 B) 4 C) −4 D) −12
𝑡ℎ 100 100
43. Let 𝛼𝑛 be the 𝑛 term of the G.P. of positive numbers. Let ∑𝑛=1 𝑎2𝑛 = 𝛼 and ∑𝑛=1 𝑎2𝑛−1 = 𝛽, such that
𝛼 ≠ 𝛽, then the common ratio is
𝛼 𝛽
A) B) C) √𝛼/𝛽 D) √𝛽/𝛼
𝛽 𝛼
44. Let 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 be in A.P. and |𝑎| < 1, |𝑏| < 1, |𝑐| < 1. If 𝑥 = 1 + 𝑎 + 𝑎2 + ⋯ 𝑡𝑜 ∞, 𝑦 = 1 + 𝑏 + 𝑏 2 + ⋯ 𝑡𝑜 ∞
and 𝑧 = 1 + 𝑐 + 𝑐 2 + ⋯ 𝑡𝑜 ∞, then 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 are in
A) 𝐴𝑃 B) 𝐺𝑃 C) 𝐻𝑃 D) none of these
2 6 10
45. The sum to infinity of series 1 + + + + ⋯ is
3 32 33
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 6
1⁄4 1⁄8 1⁄16
46. The value of 2 . 4 . 8 … up to ∞ is
3
A) 1 B) 2 C) D) 4
2
47. Sum of an infinite G.P. is 20 and sum of their squares is 100. The common ratio of the G.P. is
1 2 3 4
A) B) C) D)
5 5 5 5
48. A man saves 𝑅𝑠. 200 in each of the first three months of his service. In each of the subsequent month his
saving is 𝑅𝑠. 40 more than the saving of the immediately previous month. His total saving from the start
of the service will be 𝑅𝑠. 11040 after.
A) 21 months B) 18 months C) 19 months D) 20 months
3 5 7
49. The sum + + + ⋯ up to 11 terms is:
12 12 +22 12 +22 +32
7 11 11 60
A) B) C) D)
2 4 2 11
1 1
50. Let G be geometric mean of two positive numbers 𝑎 and 𝑏, and 𝑀 be the arithmetic mean of and . If
𝑎 𝑏
1
: 𝐺 is 4:5, then 𝑎: 𝑏 can be:
𝑀
A) 1:4 B) 1:2 C) 2:3 D) 3:4
51. If 7th term of an A.P. is 9 and 9th term of the A.P. is 7, then 20th term of the A.P. is
A) −2 B) −3 C) −4 D) −6
52. The number of terms of the 𝐴. 𝑃., 1,4,7, … that must be taken to obtain a sum of 715 is
A) 24 B) 23 C) 22 D) 21
53. If sum of first 20 terms of an 𝐴. 𝑃. is equal to sum of first 30 terms of the 𝐴. 𝑃. then sum of the first
50 terms of the A.P. is
A) −1 B) 0 C) 10 D) 25
2 th
54. If for every 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁, sum to 𝑛 terms of an 𝐴. 𝑃. is 5𝑛 + 7𝑛 then its 10 term is
A) 720 B) 570 C) 102 D) 52
55. The digits of a three-digit number 𝑁 are in A.P. If sum of the digits is 15 and the number obtained by
1000
reversing the digits of the number is 594 less than the original number, then is equal to
𝑁−252
A) 5/6 B) 5/3 C) 0.06 D) 0.03
56. If sum of four numbers in 𝐴. 𝑃. is 28 and product of two middle term is 45, then the product of the first
and last term is
A) 11 B) 13 C) 15 D) 17
57. 𝑛 arithmetic means are inserted between 3 and 17. If the ratio to last mean is 1:3, then 𝑛 is equal to:
A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 8
𝑡ℎ 𝑡ℎ 𝑡ℎ
58. Suppose (𝑚 + 𝑛) term of a 𝐺. 𝑃. is 𝑝 and (𝑚 − 𝑛) term is 𝑞, then its 𝑛 term is
𝑝 𝑚 ⁄𝑛 𝑞 𝑚 ⁄2𝑛 𝑝
A) √𝑝𝑞 B) 𝑝 ( ) C) 𝑝 ( ) D) √
𝑞 𝑝 𝑞

59. Sum to 25 terms of the series 0.5 + 0.55 + 0.555 + ⋯ is:

5 5 5
A) (224 − 10−25 ) B) (224 − 10−25 ) C) (224 − 10−24 ) D) none of these
81 9 81
60. The sum of three numbers in 𝐴. 𝑃. is 21. If the second number is reduced by 1 while third is increased by
1, three resulting numbers from an increasing 𝐺. 𝑃., the common ratio of the 𝐺. 𝑃. is
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 7
61. If one geometric mean 𝐺 and two arithmetic mean 𝐴1 and 𝐴2 are inserted between two distinct positive
2𝐴1 −𝐴2 2𝐴2 −𝐴1
numbers, then ( )( ) is equal to
𝐺 𝐺
A) 0 B) 1 C) −1.5 D) −2.5
62. If 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , 𝑎3 , … , 𝑎𝑛 are in 𝐴. 𝑃. such that 𝑎4 − 𝑎7 + 𝑎10 = 𝑚, then sum of the first 13 terms of the 𝐴. 𝑃. is
A) 10𝑚 B) 12𝑚 C) 13𝑚 D) 15𝑚
19 18 2 17 19 19
63. If (20) + 2(21)(20) + 3(21) (20) + ⋯ + 20(21) = 𝑘(20) then 𝑘 is equal to
A) 400 B) 100 C) 441 D) 420
64. Three positive numbers form an increasing 𝐺. 𝑃. If the middle term in this 𝐺. 𝑃. is tripled, the new
numbers are in 𝐴. 𝑃. Then the common ratio of 𝐺. 𝑃. is:
A) 3 + √2 B) 2√2 − √3 C) 2 + 2√3 D) 2√2 + √3
65. Suppose 𝑚 arithmetic means are inserted between 1 and 31. If the ratio of the second mean to the 𝑚𝑡ℎ
mean is 1:4, then 𝑚 is equal to
A) 7 B) 9 C) 11 D) 15
66. In a geometric progression the ratio of the sum of the first 5 terms to the sum of their reciprocals are 49
and sum of the first and third term is 35. The fifth term of the 𝐺. 𝑃. is
7 7 7
A) 7 B) C) D)
2 4 8
67. If |𝑥| < 1, and 𝑟 𝑡ℎ term of a series is 1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 + ⋯ + 𝑥 𝑟−1
, then sum to 𝑛 terms of the series is
𝑛+(𝑛+1)𝑥−𝑥 𝑛+1 𝑛−(𝑛+1)𝑥+𝑥 𝑛+1 (𝑛+1)𝑥−𝑥 𝑛+1 −𝑛 𝑛−(𝑛+1)𝑥−𝑥 𝑛+1
A) (1−𝑥)2
B) (1−𝑥)2
C) (1−𝑥)2
D) (1−𝑥)2
2 2 2 2 2 2
68. Sum of the series 𝑆 = 1 − 2 + 3 − 4 + ⋯ − 2008 + 2009 is
A) 2019045 B) 1005004 C) 2000506 D) none of these
2 3 4 𝑛 𝑛+10
69. The positive integer 𝑛 for which 2 × 2 + 3 × 2 + 4 × 2 + ⋯ + 𝑛 × 2 = 2 is
A) 510 B) 511 C) 512 D) 513
4 8 16
70. If 𝑥 > 0, and 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 𝑥 + 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 (√𝑥) + 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 ( √𝑥 ) + 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 ( √𝑥 ) + 𝑙𝑜𝑔2 ( √𝑥 ) + ⋯ = 4 then 𝑥 equals
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5
71. Let 𝑎1 , 𝑎2 , … , 𝑎10 be in 𝐴. 𝑃. and ℎ1 , ℎ2 , … , ℎ10 be in 𝐻. 𝑃. If 𝑎1 = ℎ1 = 2 and 𝑎10 = ℎ10 = 3, then 𝑎4 ℎ7 is
A) 2 B) 3 C) 5 D) 6
72. Consider an infinite geometric series with the first term 𝑎 and common ratio 𝑟, If its sum is 4 and the
3
second term is , then
4
 4 3 3 3 1 1
A) 𝑎 = , 𝑟 = B) 𝑎 = 2, 𝑟 = C) 𝑎 = , 𝑟 = D) 𝑎 = 3, 𝑟 =
7 7 8 2 2 4
73. If the first and (2𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ terms of an 𝐴. 𝑃. , 𝐺. 𝑃. and 𝐻. 𝑃. are equal and their (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ terms are 𝑎, 𝑏
and 𝑐 respectively, then
A) 𝑎 > 𝑏 > 𝑐 B) 𝑎𝑐 = 𝑏 2 C) 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑐 D) None of these
1 1 1
74. The sum to 𝑛 terms of the series + + + ⋯ is
√7+√10 √10+√13 √13+√16
1 √4+3𝑛−2 1
A) (√7 + 3𝑛 − √7) B) C) (√10 + 3𝑛 − √10) D) None of these
3 3 3
1 1 1 𝜋2 1 1 1
75. If + + + ⋯ up to ∞ = , then value of + + + ⋯ up to ∞ is
12 22 32 6 12 32 52
𝜋2 𝜋2 𝜋2 𝜋2
A) B) C) a D)
4 6 8 12
𝐻1 +𝑎 𝐻𝑛 +𝑏
76. If 𝐻1 , 𝐻2 , … , 𝐻𝑛 are 𝑛 harmonic means between 𝑎 and 𝑏 (≠ 𝑎), then value of + is equal to
𝐻1 −𝑎 𝐻𝑛 −𝑏
A) 𝑛 + 1 B) 𝑛 − 1 C) 2𝑛 D) 2𝑛 + 3
1+𝑥 𝑎
77. For what values of the parameter 𝑎 are there real values of 𝑥 such that 5 , 51−𝑥 , , 25𝑥 + 25−𝑥 are
2
three consecutive terms of an 𝐴. 𝑃.?
A) 10 B) 11 C) 12 D) 13
2 (1+|cos 𝜃|+cos2 𝜃+ |cos3 𝜃|+cos4 𝜃+⋯to ∞)loge 4
78. If 𝛼 is a root of the equation 𝑥 − 20𝑥 + 64 = 0 and 𝛼 = 𝑒 then
how many values of 𝜃 are possible in the interval (0, 𝜋)
A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3
1 1 1 1 𝑏
79. If + + + = 0, then 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 and 𝑎, , 𝑐 are respectively in
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎−𝑏 𝑐−𝑏 2
A) 𝐻. 𝑃. and 𝐴. 𝑃. B) 𝐺. 𝑃. and 𝐴. 𝑃. C) 𝐴. 𝑃. and 𝐻. 𝑃. D) None of these
2010
80. Let 𝑆 denote the set of all real values of 𝑥 such that (𝑥 + 1)(1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 + ⋯ + 𝑥 2008 ) = 2010𝑥 2009 ,
2 4

then the number of elements in 𝑆 is

A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) infinite
81. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are three unequal numbers such that 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in 𝐴. 𝑃. & 𝑏 − 𝑎, 𝑐 − 𝑏, 𝑎 are in 𝐺. 𝑃., then ratio
𝑎: 𝑏: 𝑐 is equal
A) 1: 2: 3 B) 1: 3: 4 C) 2: 3: 4 D) 1: 2: 4
1 1 1
82. Sum of the series + + + ⋯ up to 2𝑛 terms is
22 −1 4 2 −1 62 −1
𝑛 1 1 4
A) B) C) D)
2𝑛+1 2𝑛+1 𝑛+1 2𝑛−1
2 2 2 3
83. Suppose 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are in 𝐴. 𝑃. and 𝑎 , 𝑏 , 𝑐 are in 𝐺. 𝑃. If 𝑎 < 𝑏 < 𝑐 and 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = , then the value of 𝑎 is
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
A) B) C) − D) −
2√2 2√3 √2 √3 2 √2
84. If three positive real numbers 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 (𝑐 > 𝑎) are in 𝐻. 𝑃., then log(𝑎 + 𝑐) + log(𝑎 − 2𝑏 + 𝑐) is equal to
A) 2 log(𝑐 − 𝑏) B) 2 log(𝑎 + 𝑏) C) 2 log(𝑐 − 𝑎) D) log 𝑎 +
log 𝑏 + log 𝑐
85. Sum to 𝑛 terms of the series 1.3.5 + 3.5.7 + 5.7.9 + ⋯ is
A) 8𝑛3 + 12𝑛2 − 2𝑛 − 3 B) 𝑛(8𝑛3 − 11𝑛2 − 𝑛 − 3)
3 2
C) 𝑛(2𝑛 + 8𝑛 + 7𝑛 − 2) D) None of these
2
86. In the quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0, the coefficients 𝑎, 𝑏 and 𝑐 are in 𝐴. 𝑃. If the roots of the
equation are 𝑝 and 𝑞, then
𝑝
A) 𝑝𝑞 + (𝑝 + 𝑞) + 1 = 0 B) 𝑝 + 𝑞 + 𝑝𝑞 = 0 C) + (𝑝 + 𝑞) − 1 = 0 D) 𝑝𝑞 + 2(𝑝 + 𝑞) +
𝑞
1=0
87. Let 𝑥 be the arithmetic mean and 𝑦, 𝑧 be the two geometric means between any two positive numbers.
𝑦 3 −𝑧 3
Then value of is
𝑥𝑦𝑧
A) 2 B) 3 C) ½ D) 3/2
1 1 1
88. If 𝑎, 𝑏, 𝑐 are three positive real numbers, then least value of the expression (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐) ( + + ) is
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
A) 3 B) 3√3 C) 6 D) 9
1 1 3 5 2𝑛−1
89. If 𝐻𝑛 = 1 + + ⋯ + , then the value of 𝑆𝑛 = 1 + + + ⋯ + is
2 𝑛 2 3 𝑛
A) 𝐻𝑛 + 𝑛 B) 2𝑛 − 𝐻𝑛 C) (𝑛 − 1) + 𝐻𝑛 D) 𝐻𝑛 + 2𝑛
90. In the 𝑛𝑡ℎ row of the triangle
1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10
1 1
A) Last term = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) B) First term = (𝑛2 − 𝑛 + 2)
2 2
1 2
C) Sum = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) D) All of the above
2

Answer
1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. A
13. D 14. A 15. A 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D
25. A 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. D 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D 36. B
37. C 38. C 39. D 40. C 41. D 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. B 47. C 48. A
49. C 50. A 51. C 52. C 53. B 54. C 55. B 56. B 57. C 58. C 59. A 60. A
61. B 62. C 63. A 64. A 65. B 66. C 67. B 68. A 69. D 70. C 71. D 72. D
73. B 74. A 75. C 76. C 77. C 78. D 79. A 80. B 81. A 82. A 83. D 84. C
85. C 86. D 87. A 88. D 89. B 90. D