Active and Passive Vioce
Active and Passive Vioce
Active and Passive Vioce
Voice
Sir, Amjad Nawaz
Introduction
Rule 1. Interchange the object and subject with each other, i.e.
object of the active sentence becomes subject of the passive
sentence.
Example :
Active voice : She eats food. (Subject – She, Verb –eats, Object –
food)
Passive Voice : Food is eaten by her. (Object ‘food’ is
interchanged with the subject ‘She’).
Rule 2. In passive voice sometimes subject is not used, i.e. subject in
passive voice can be omitted if the sentence without it gives
enough meaning. ( Exp: The robbers were arrested)
Rule 3: Always third form of verb is used in all passive
sentences.
Example:
Active voice: She prepares dinner.
Passive voice: The dinner is prepared byher.
Active voice: She knows him.
Passive voice: He is known to her.
Active voice: Juice fills the jar.
Passive voice: The jar is filled with juice.
Rule 4: Pronouns are changed if requires:
We Us
He Him
She Her
They Them
You You
It It
Rule 6. Be verb is used in passive.
Be verb: (is, am, are, was, were, be, been and being)
Present (is, am, are)
Past (was, were)
Future (be)
Perfect form (Been)
Progressive form (being).
Examples:
She likes chocolates.
Chocolates are liked by her.
They played Cricket.
Cricked was played by them.
Transitive Verb
Only Transitive verb is used in passive voice because intransitive verb can't be
changed into passive.
Examples:
A.V= She runs a business.
P.V= A business is run by her.
A.V= She runs on the road.
P.V= (can’t be changed)
Tnansitive/Intransitive verb
A verb can be either transitive or intransitive. A transitive verb needs an
object (in sentence) to give complete meaning while intransitive verb does
not need an object (in sentence) to give complete meaning, or a
transitive verb is directly followed by an object.
Exapmle: He sent a letter. (‘Send’is a transitive verb and it needs an
object ‘Letter’ to express full meaning.)
Intransitive verb:
Intransitive verb cannot be changed into passive voice. The
sentences having intransitive verbs (belonging to any tense) cannot
be changed into passive voice. The reason is that there is not any
object in such sentences and without object of sentence passive
voice is not possible.
Example: He laughs. (Laugh is an intransitive verb and it does not
need an object for expressing full meaning.) Such as; sleep, go,
reach, sit, die, are examples of intransitive verbs.
Present Simple Tense (passive Voice)
Present Simple: (Passive)
Formula: Obj + is/am/are + V3 + Obj or by phrase.
Exp: A/V= Bilal kicks the ball.
P/V= The ball is kicked by Bilal.
Negative:
A.V= Bilal does not kick the ball.
P.V= The ball is not kicked by Bilal.
Interrogative:
A.V= Deos Bilal kick the ball?
Is the ball kicked by Bilal?
Present continuous tense (Passive)
Present continuous:
Formula: Obj + is/am/are + being + V3 + By phrase
Examples:
A.V= Bilal is kicking the ball.
P.V= The ball is being kicked by Bilal.
Negative:
A.V= Bilal is not kicking the ball.
P.V= The ball is not being kicked by Bilal.
Interrogative:
A.V= Is Bilal kicking the ball?
P.V= Is the ball being kicked by Bilalp?
Present perfect tense (Passive)
3) Present Perfect:
Formula: Obj+ have/has+been+ Verb3+ By phraes.
Examples:
A.V= Bilal has kicked the ball.
P.V= The ball has been kicked by Bilal.
Negative:
A.V= Bilal has not kicked the ball.
P.V= The ball has not been kicked by Bilal.
Interrogative:
A.V= Has Bilal kicked the ball?
P.V= Has the ball been kicked by Bilal?
Past simple tense (Passive)
4) Past simple:
Formula: Obj+ was/were+ Verb3+ By phrase.
Examples:
A.V= Bilal kicked the ball.
P.V= The ball was kicked by Bilal.
Negative:
A.V= Bilal did not kick the ball.
P.V= The ball was not kicked by Bilal.
Interrogative:
A.V= Did Bilal kick the ball?
P.V= Was the ball kicked by Bilal?
Past continuous tense (Passive)
Past continuous:
Formula: Obj+ was/were+ being+ verb3+ By phrase.
Examples:
A.V= Bilal was kicking the ball.
P.V= The ball was being kicked by Bilal.
Negative:
A.V= Bilal was not kicking the ball.
P.V= The ball was not being kicked by Bilal.
Interrogative:
A.V= Was Bilal kicking the ball?
P.V= Was the ball being kicked by Bilal?
Past perfect tense (Passive)
Past perfect:
Formula: Obj+ had+ been+ verb3+ By phrase.
Examples:
A.V= Bilal had kicked the ball.
P.V= The ball had been kicked by Bilal.
Negative:
A.V= Bilal had not kicked the ball.
P.V= The ball had not been kicked by Bilal.
Interrogative:
A.V= Had Bilal kicked the ball?
P.V= Had the ball been kicked by Bilal?
Future simple tense (Passive)
Future simple:
Formula: Obj+ will+ be+ verb3+ By phrase.
Examples:
A.V= Bilal will kick the ball.
P.V= The ball will be kicked by Bilal.
Negative:
A.V= Bilal will not kick the ball.
P.V= The ball will not be kicked by Bilal.
Interrogative:
A.V= Will Bilal kick the ball?
P.V= Will the ball be kicked by Bilal?
Future perfect tense (Passive)
Future perfect:
Formula: Obj+ will have+ been+ verb3+ By phrase.
Examples:
A.V= Bilal will have kicked the ball.
P.V= The ball will have been kicked by Bilal.
Negative:
A.V= Bilal will have not kicked the ball.
P.V= The ball will have not been kicked by Bilal.
Interrogative:
A.V= Will Bilal have kicked the ball?
P.V= Will the ball have been kicked by Bilal?
There is no Passive Voice formation for these tenses