19bce1318 Da1 Hum1040 Isp

Indian Social Problems (HUM1040)
Digital Assignment – 1
Pratham Jangra
19BCE1318
Human Trafficking
1. Introduction
Human trafficking is defined as the recruitment,
transportation, transfer, sheltering, or receiving of
persons by force, fraud, or deceit with the intent to
exploit them for profit. This crime, which occurs in
every corner of the world, can affect men, women, and
children of all ages and backgrounds. To fool and
coerce their victims, traffickers frequently utilise
violence or phoney employment agencies, as well as
false promises of education and work possibilities.
Human trafficking is made up of three major

components: the act, the method, and the aim.
Traffickers utilise physical and sexual violence,
extortion, emotional manipulation, and the removal of
official papers to control their victims. Exploitation
can occur in a victim's native nation, while travelling,
or in a foreign country.
Human trafficking may take many different forms.
Exploitation in the sex, entertainment, and hospitality
sectors, as well as as domestic workers or in forced
marriages, are examples. Victims are compelled to
labour in factories, on construction sites, or in the
agricultural sector without pay or for a low wage,
while living in dread of violence and sometimes in
deplorable conditions. Some victims are duped or
compelled to have their organs taken. Children are
coerced into becoming military or committing crimes
for the advantage of criminals.
2. Root causes
The underlying reasons of human trafficking vary
from country to country. Human trafficking is a
multifaceted phenomenon that is frequently impacted
or pushed by social, economic, cultural, and other
factors. Many of these elements are unique to
particular trafficking patterns as well as the states in
which they take place. However, there are numerous
elements that are similar to trafficking in general or
can be seen in a broad variety of various places,
patterns, or situations. One such factor is that
offenders use potential victims' desire to migrate to
recruit and gain initial control or cooperation, only to
be replaced by more coercive measures once the
victims have been relocated to another State or region
of the country, which may or may not be the one to
which they had intended to migrate.
Local situations that cause people to migrate in pursuit

of better opportunities include poverty, oppression, a
lack of human rights, a lack of social or economic
opportunity, hazards from violence or instability, and
other similar concerns. Political turmoil, militarism,
civil unrest, internal armed conflict, and natural
calamities may all contribute to an upsurge in
trafficking. Population instability and displacement
make people more vulnerable to exploitation and
abuse through human trafficking and forced labour.
War and civil unrest may cause enormous population
displacements, leaving orphans and street children
especially vulnerable to trafficking.
These variables tend to place pressures on victims,
"pushing" them into migration and therefore into the
hands of traffickers, but other reasons that "pull"
potential victims can also be relevant. Poverty and
wealth are relative terms that drive migratory and
trafficking patterns in which victims move from
extreme poverty to less-extreme poverty. In this
context, the fast spread of broadcast and
telecommunication media, including the Internet,
throughout the poor world may have boosted the
desire to move to wealthy nations, as well as the
vulnerability of would-be migrants to traffickers.
3. Preventions
The OSCE Action Plan to Combat Human Trafficking
offers a variety of actions recommended for national
implementation in order to combat human trafficking.
They include: (a) data collecting and research
measures; (b) border measures; (c) economic and
social strategies aiming at tackling the fundamental
causes of human trafficking; (d) awareness-raising
efforts; and (e) legislative actions. The economic and
social policies listed below are recommended:
In origin countries:
 Priority aims include ensuring social, economic,

and political stability, as well as reducing
migration driven by extreme poverty and supply
sources for trafficking. Policies implemented to
achieve these objectives should encourage both
economic development and social inclusion.
 Improving children's access to educational and

vocational possibilities, as well as boosting
school attendance, particularly among girls and
minority groups
 Increasing work chances for women through

supporting small and medium-sized company
opportunities (SMEs). Organizing SME training
sessions and focusing on high-risk groups in
particular.
In destination countries:
 Implementing methods to lessen "exploitation's
invisibility." A multi-agency programme of
surveillance, administrative controls, and
information collecting on labour markets and,
when relevant, the sex industry will significantly
contribute to this goal.
 Consideration is being given by governments to

the liberalisation of their labour markets in order
to increase job possibilities for people with a
wide variety of skill levels.
 Addressing the issue of unprotected, informal,

and frequently illegal labour in order to strike a
balance between the desire for cheap labour and
the options for regular migration.
 Combating illegal economic activities that

damage economies and increase trafficking.
In both the country of origin and the country of

destination:
 Taking steps to increase social protection and
offer job opportunities for everybody.
 Taking adequate steps to eradicate gender
discrimination in the workplace in order to
secure, on the basis of gender equality, the right
to equal pay for equal labour and the right to
equal employment chances.
 Taking action against all sorts of prejudice

against minorities.
 Creating programmes that cover fundamental

education, reading, communication, and other
skills, as well as lowering barriers to business.
 Encourage gender sensitization and education on

equal and respectful gender interactions, hence
avoiding violence against women.
 Putting in place laws that provide women equal

access to and control over economic and financial
resources.
 Promoting flexible finance and credit availability,

particularly low-interest microcredit.
 Good governance and openness in business
transactions are promoted.
 Adopting or strengthening legislative,

educational, social, cultural, or other measures, as
well as, where appropriate, penal legislation,
including through bilateral and multilateral
cooperation, to discourage demand that fosters all
forms of exploitation of people, particularly
women and children, and leads to trafficking.

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Indian Social Problems (HUM1040)

Human trafficking is made up of three major

Local situations that cause people to migrate in pursuit

 Priority aims include ensuring social, economic,

 Improving children's access to educational and

 Increasing work chances for women through

 Consideration is being given by governments to

 Addressing the issue of unprotected, informal,

 Combating illegal economic activities that

In both the country of origin and the country of

 Taking action against all sorts of prejudice

 Creating programmes that cover fundamental

 Encourage gender sensitization and education on

 Putting in place laws that provide women equal

 Promoting flexible finance and credit availability,

 Adopting or strengthening legislative,

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