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    Essential Differences Between IEC 60909 and ANSIIEEE C37 Series

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    yeprem82
    This document summarizes the key differences between short-circuit calculation methods in IEC 60909 and ANSI/IEEE C37 standards. It defines several terms for short-circuit currents, such as maximum, minimum, initial, peak, symmetrical breaking, and steady-state short-circuit currents. For each term, it provides the definition in IEC 60909 and equivalent term used in ANSI/IEEE standards. The main differences are that IEC 60909 recommends using voltage factors to account for pre-fault system conditions while ANSI/IEEE assumes rated voltages, and IEC defines separate minimum and maximum short-circuit currents while ANSI/IEEE uses a single value.

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    Essential Differences Between IEC 60909 and ANSIIEEE C37 Series

    Uploaded by

    yeprem82
    106 views4 pages
    This document summarizes the key differences between short-circuit calculation methods in IEC 60909 and ANSI/IEEE C37 standards. It defines several terms for short-circuit currents, such as maximum, minimum, initial, peak, symmetrical breaking, and steady-state short-circuit currents. For each term, it provides the definition in IEC 60909 and equivalent term used in ANSI/IEEE standards. The main differences are that IEC 60909 recommends using voltage factors to account for pre-fault system conditions while ANSI/IEEE assumes rated voltages, and IEC defines separate minimum and maximum short-circuit currents while ANSI/IEEE uses a single value.

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    This document summarizes the key differences between short-circuit calculation methods in IEC 60909 and ANSI/IEEE C37 standards. It defines several terms for short-circuit currents, such as maximum, minimum, initial, peak, symmetrical breaking, and steady-state short-circuit currents. For each term, it provides the definition in IEC 60909 and equivalent term used in ANSI/IEEE standards. The main differences are that IEC 60909 recommends using voltage factors to account for pre-fault system conditions while ANSI/IEEE assumes rated voltages, and IEC defines separate minimum and maximum short-circuit currents while ANSI/IEEE uses a single value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    106 views4 pages

    Essential Differences Between IEC 60909 and ANSIIEEE C37 Series

    Uploaded by

    yeprem82
    This document summarizes the key differences between short-circuit calculation methods in IEC 60909 and ANSI/IEEE C37 standards. It defines several terms for short-circuit currents, such as maximum, minimum, initial, peak, symmetrical breaking, and steady-state short-circuit currents. For each term, it provides the definition in IEC 60909 and equivalent term used in ANSI/IEEE standards. The main differences are that IEC 60909 recommends using voltage factors to account for pre-fault system conditions while ANSI/IEEE assumes rated voltages, and IEC defines separate minimum and maximum short-circuit currents while ANSI/IEEE uses a single value.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Essential Differences Between IEC

    60909 and ANSI/IEEE C37 Series

    Table of Contents
     [hide]
     Maximum Short-circuit Current (Imax)
     Minimum Short-circuit Current (Imin)
     Initial Short-circuit Current (I”k)
     Peak Short-circuit Current (Ip)
     Symmetrical Short-Circuit Breaking Current (Ib)
     Steady-state Short-circuit Current (Ik)
     References
    Before we start our discussion on IEC 60909, let us first review the concepts in
    ANSI/IEEE C37 series on short-circuit study.

    Our previous discussions on short-circuit analysis and circuit breaker selection


    were grounded on the ANSI/IEEE Standards. We started with a brief overview of
    power systems faults and introduced the widely accepted equation for a short-
    circuit current. Then we moved to the derivation of ANSI/IEEE multiplying factors
    for the circuit breaker closing and latching duty.
    Next, we discussed several concepts affecting the calculation of circuit
    breaker interrupting duty for medium- and high- voltage circuit breakers such as
    circuit breaker rated cycle, AC and DC decay, separate X and R networks, remote
    and local fault contributions, and circuit breaker rating structure. After that, we
    moved on to the calculation of kAIC rating for low voltage circuit breakers. We
    wrapped the whole series with a step-by-step manual calculation and computer
    simulation using ETAP software.

    In this series, we will try to explore how short-circuit calculations are addressed by
    other International Standards. We will focus our discussion on IEC short-circuit
    calculation methods particularly the IEC 60909. Before diving into the calculations,
    it is recommended to review the following terms used in IEC 60909 and how they
    relate to the short-circuit currents defined in ANSI/IEEE standards. This way, we’ll
    be able to understand IEC 60909 better.

    Maximum Short-circuit Current (Imax)


    The short-circuit current used to evaluate circuit breaker interrupting and peak
    rating derived using the voltage correction factor, Cmax.

    Minimum Short-circuit Current (Imin)


    The short-circuit current used as basis for protective relay settings derived using
    the voltage correction factor, Cmin.
    IEC 60909 recommends applying ‘Voltage Factors’, C max and Cmin, to the prefault
    nominal system voltage in order to account for the system prefault conditions. The
    following table shows the voltage factor for different nominal system voltages.
    Table 1. Voltage Factors

    In ANSI/IEEE standards, prefault load currents are neglected since they are
    assumed to be of much smaller magnitude than the short-circuit currents.
    Therefore, prefault voltages are assumed to be rated system voltages. In other
    words, ANSI/IEEE standard assumes a voltage factor of 1.0. However, IEEE Std 551
    allows the use of the operating voltage under actual conditions as the prefault
    voltage which could exceed the customarily assumed 1.0 pu.

    Initial Short-circuit Current (I”k)


    The RMS value of the symmetrical short-circuit current at the instant of the fault
    given that the impedance does not change. In ANSI/IEEE, this is equivalent to
    the ½-cycle RMS symmetrical short-circuit current or the value of the short-circuit
    current based on the subtransient network impedances.

    Peak Short-circuit Current (Ip)


    The maximum instantaneous value of the short-circuit current. This is equivalent
    to the closing and latch peak duty in ANSI/IEEE standard.

    Symmetrical Short-Circuit Breaking Current (I b)


    The RMS value of an integral cycle of the symmetrical AC component of the short-
    circuit current at the instant of circuit breaker contact separation. In ANSI/IEEE
    standard, this value is equivalent to the interrupting duty.
    Steady-state Short-circuit Current (Ik)
    The RMS value of the short-circuit current that remains after the transient
    component has completely decayed. In ANSI/IEEE, this pertains to the RMS value
    of the symmetrical short circuit current at >30 cycles derived from the steady-state
    network.

    References
    IEEE Std 551-2006 [The Violet Book]: Recommended Practice for Calculating AC
    Short-Circuit Currents in Industrial and Commercial Power Systems. (2006). S.I.:
    IEEE.
    ETAP Enterprise Solution for Electrical Power Systems Online Help
    Rodolakis, A. J. (1993). A Comparison of North American (ANSI) and European (IEC)
    Fault Calculation Guidelines. IEEE Transactions on Industry Application, 29(3).
    Retrieved from https://ieeexplore.ieee.org.

    https://pacbasics.org/iec-60909-vs-ansi-ieee-c37-series/

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