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Finalexam 2013

This document contains a 6 question electrical engineering exam. It includes: 1) Instructions for the exam such as the approved calculator and showing work for full marks. 2) 6 exam questions covering topics such as digital communication system filters, random processes, digital modulation, sampling, and filtering. 3) Useful tables of Fourier transforms and trigonometric identities at the back that may help with the exam questions.

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Reza
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55 views5 pages

Finalexam 2013

This document contains a 6 question electrical engineering exam. It includes: 1) Instructions for the exam such as the approved calculator and showing work for full marks. 2) 6 exam questions covering topics such as digital communication system filters, random processes, digital modulation, sampling, and filtering. 3) Useful tables of Fourier transforms and trigonometric identities at the back that may help with the exam questions.

Uploaded by

Reza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Electrical Engineering EE3TR4

Day Class Instructor: Dr. J. Reilly


Duration of Examination: 3 April, 2013
Hours
McMaster University Final
Examination

This examination paper includes 5 pages and 6 questions. You are respon-
sible for ensuring that your copy of the paper is complete. Bring any dis-
crepancy to the attention of your invigilator.

Special Instructions

(a) The McMaster Standard Calculator (Casio FX991) is the only


calculator approved for this exam. No other aids are permit-
ted.
(b) There are 6 questions. A full paper consists of all six.
(c) You must show your work for full marks.
(d) All major questions are of equal weight (10 marks).
(e) Make sure you read the entire exam over in its entirety
before you start!
(f) The tables of Fourier transforms, trigonometric identities and the
Q(·) function at the back of this exam may be useful.
(g) Good luck on this exam and have a great summer!

Continued on Page 2
Page 2 of 5

1. Explain the purposes of the transmit and receiver filters in a digital


communication system. Also explain characteristics of the responses of
these filters if the overall system is to have optimal performance.

2. A sample x(t) of a random process may be described according to the


following equation

x(t) = σw(t) + A cos(2π10t + Θ) (1)

where σ = 1 volt, A = 2 volts, and Θ is a random variable uniformly


distributed over [0, 2π]. Calculate the autocorrelation function Rx (τ ) and
power spectral density function Sx (f ). Assume the effective bandwidth
of the noise process is 100 Hz. Include all relevant numerical values in
your response.

3. We have an available bandwidth of 10 MHz over which we wish to trans-


mit a digital bitstream at 8 Mbits/sec.

a) Draw the spectrum of the signal-only component of the received signal


which appears immediately before the sampler, for this specific case,
that gives rise to zero inter-symbol interference (ISI). Indicate values
of any relevant parameters. (4 marks)
b) If the value No /2 = 7.8125 × 10−9 Watts/Hz, and the received signal
has a level of 1 V at the input to the sampler, what is the bit error
rate (BER)? You may use the following form for Q(a), which is valid
for a > 3. ½ 2¾
1 a
Q(a) ' √ exp − .
2π a 2
If you are used to working with the erfc(·) function instead of Q (·),
then Q(a) = 21 erfc( √a2 ). (3 marks)
c) How would you increase the bit rate of the system to 16 Mbits/sec?
What would happen to the BER in this case, given that the noise and
signal energies were unchanged? Explain your answer. (3 marks)

4. Consider the DSB/SC modulation system shown below. The message


waveform m(t) is shown in the figure. It is a 1 KHz square wave of
amplitude 1 V as shown. i ) Draw the waveforms and corresponding
spectra at points A,B and C, for the case when c(t) = cos(2πfc t). (6

Continued on Page 3
Page 3 of 5

marks) ii ) Repeat part (i ) at points B and C when c(t) = sin(2πfc t). (4


marks) Show all values in each case.

Figure 1: DSB/SC modulation system for question 4.

5. a) Find the time–domain signal g(t) corresponding to the spectrum G(f )


whose magnitude and phase responses are shown in the figure below.
b) The signal g(t) from part (a) is sampled at a rate fs =2KHz. Draw
the resulting sampled time waveform and corresponding spectrum.
In this case, assume the phase response is zero for all frequencies.

Continued on Page 4
Page 4 of 5

Figure 2: Magnitude and Phase functions of G(f )

6. A zero–mean white noise process with variance 1 (volt)2 is applied to


the input of a discrete-time filter whose impulse response is shown in the
figure below. The pulses have unity amplitude. Find the autocorrelation
function and power spectral density of the filter output.

Figure 3: Impulse response of filter for Question 6.

Continued on Page 5
Page 5 of 5

Fourier Transform Pairs


Timeµ Function
¶ Fourier Transform
t
¡ ¢
rect T Tsinc fT
µ ¶
¡ ¢ 1 f
sinc 2W t 2W rect 2W

exp(2πfc t) δ(f − fc )
1
exp(−at)u(t), a > 0 a+j2πf
2a
exp(−a|t|), a > 0 a2 +(2πf )2
exp(−πt2 ) exp(−πf 2 )
δ(t) 1
1 δ(f
£ ) ¤
1
cos(2πfc t) 2 δ(f − fc ) + δ(f + fc )

Trigonometric Identities
£ ¤
cos(θ) = 12 £exp(jθ) + exp(−jθ) ¤
1
sin(θ) = 2j exp(jθ) − exp(−jθ)
2
sin (θ) + cos2 (θ) = 1
2
cos2 (θ) − sin £ (θ) = cos(2θ)
¤
2 1
cos (θ) = 2 1 + cos(2θ)
2 sin(θ) cos(θ) = sin(2θ)
£
sin(α) sin(β) = 12 £cos(α − β) − cos(α + β)
cos(α) cos(β) = 21£ cos(α − β) + cos(α + β)
sin(α) cos(β) = 12 sin(α − β) + sin(α + β)

The End.

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