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    Quantitative Research Notes

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    Clark Dave Bungcasan
    1. Quantitative research uses statistically analyzed numerical data to investigate observable phenomena. It aims to understand topics scientifically by using statistical analysis methods. 2. Quantitative data is generally easier to collect than qualitative data since it involves measurements that can be expressed numerically, like ratings scales. 3. There are different types of quantitative research designs, including descriptive research that describes phenomena, correlational research that identifies relationships between variables, and experimental research that establishes cause-and-effect through manipulation of variables.

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    Quantitative Research Notes

    Uploaded by

    Clark Dave Bungcasan
    87 views3 pages
    1. Quantitative research uses statistically analyzed numerical data to investigate observable phenomena. It aims to understand topics scientifically by using statistical analysis methods. 2. Quantitative data is generally easier to collect than qualitative data since it involves measurements that can be expressed numerically, like ratings scales. 3. There are different types of quantitative research designs, including descriptive research that describes phenomena, correlational research that identifies relationships between variables, and experimental research that establishes cause-and-effect through manipulation of variables.

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    Quantitative-Research-Notes

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    1. Quantitative research uses statistically analyzed numerical data to investigate observable phenomena. It aims to understand topics scientifically by using statistical analysis methods. 2. Quantitative data is generally easier to collect than qualitative data since it involves measurements that can be expressed numerically, like ratings scales. 3. There are different types of quantitative research designs, including descriptive research that describes phenomena, correlational research that identifies relationships between variables, and experimental research that establishes cause-and-effect through manipulation of variables.

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    87 views3 pages

    Quantitative Research Notes

    Uploaded by

    Clark Dave Bungcasan
    1. Quantitative research uses statistically analyzed numerical data to investigate observable phenomena. It aims to understand topics scientifically by using statistical analysis methods. 2. Quantitative data is generally easier to collect than qualitative data since it involves measurements that can be expressed numerically, like ratings scales. 3. There are different types of quantitative research designs, including descriptive research that describes phenomena, correlational research that identifies relationships between variables, and experimental research that establishes cause-and-effect through manipulation of variables.

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    Quantitative Research

    You have learned from Practical Research 1 that research method is classified into two
    main types: quantitative and qualitative. While both methods utilize a specific data gathering
    procedure, the former is generally concerned with understanding phenomenon relating to or
    involving quality or kind. The latter, on the other hand, is based on the measurement or quantity.
    In this module, we will focus on quantitative methods of research and its different kinds.

    Quantitative research uses scientifically collected and statistically analyzed data to


    investigate observable phenomena. A phenomenon is any existing or observable fact or
    situation that we want to unearth further or understand. It is scientific for the fact that it uses a
    scientific method in designing and collecting numerical data. Once data is collected, it will
    undergo statistical analysis like Pearson’s r, t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) for
    analysis. Since data is analyzed statistically, it is imperative that the data obtained must be
    numerical and quantifiable, hence its name quantitative research.

    Numerical data are generally easier to collect than descriptions or phrases used in
    qualitative research. Information like student’s grades in different subjects, number of hours
    CO_Q3_Practical Research 2_Mod_1
    2
    of engagement in social media platforms of teens, percentage of consumers who prefer the
    color blue for soap packaging, and average of daily Covid-19 patient recovery per region are
    just few examples of research data expressed in numbers. Some data, on the other hand, are
    not directly countable and thus require conversion from non-numerical information into
    numerical information. For instance, determining which brand of canned sardines is the best
    choice for consumers in terms of taste cannot be expressed in numbers unless we do a survey
    using a rating scale. Several forms of rating scales are available, e.g., the Likert scale that we
    can use to quantify data. Usually, they come in a selection of numbers with a corresponding
    meaning for each choice, for example: 1= tastes very good, 2 = satisfactory, or 3 = undesirable.
    Numerical choices convert texts into numbers so the researcher can perform mathematical
    operations for faster, more accurate, and more objective analysis.

    Characteristics of Quantitative Research

    Quantitative research is commonly used in natural sciences research problems


    because of the following characteristics:

    1. LARGE SAMPLE SIZE. To obtain more meaningful statistical result, the data must
    come from a large sample size.

    2. OBJECTIVITY. Data gathering and analysis of results are done accurately, objectively,
    and are unaffected by the researcher’s intuition and personal guesses.

    3. VISUAL RESULT PRESENTATION. Data is numerical which makes presentation


    through graphs, charts, and tables possible and with better conveyance and
    interpretation.
    4. FASTER DATA ANALYSIS. The use of a statistical tools gives way for a less time-
    consuming data analysis.

    5. GENERALIZED DATA. Data taken from a sample can be applied to the population if
    sampling is done accordingly, i.e., sufficient size and random samples were taken.

    6. FAST DATA COLLECTION. Depending on the type of data needed, collection can be
    quick and easy. Quantitative research uses standardized research instruments that allow
    the researcher to collect data from a large sample size efficiently. For instance, a single
    survey form can be administered simultaneously to collect various measurable
    characteristics like age, gender, socio-economic status, etc.

    7. RELIABLE DATA. Data is taken and analyzed objectively from a sample as a


    representative of the population, making it more credible and reliable for policymaking
    and decision making.

    8. REPLICATION. The Quantitative method can be repeated to verify findings enhancing


    its validity, free from false or immature conclusions.

    Strengths of Quantitative Research

    The following are the strengths of quantitative research:

    1. Quantitative research can be replicated or repeated.


    2. Findings are generalizable to the population.
    3. There is conclusive establishment of cause and effect
    4. Numerical and quantifiable data can be used to predict outcomes.
    CO_Q3_Practical Research 2_Mod_1 3
    5. Fast and easy data analysis using statistical software.
    6. Fast and easy data gathering
    7. Very objective
    8. Validity and reliability can be established

    Weaknesses of Quantitative Research

    The following are the disadvantages of quantitative research:


    1. It lacks the necessary data to explore a problem or concept in depth.
    2. It does not provide comprehensive explanation of human experiences.
    3. Some information cannot be described by numerical data such as feelings, and beliefs.
    4. The research design is rigid and not very flexible.
    5. The participants are limited to choose only from the given responses.
    6. The respondents may tend to provide inaccurate responses.
    7. A large sample size makes data collection more costly.

    Kinds of Quantitative Research


    Quantitative research is a broad spectrum that it can be classified into smaller and more
    specific kinds: descriptive, correlational, ex post facto, quasi-experimental, and experimental.

    Descriptive design is used to describe a particular phenomenon by observing it as it occurs in


    nature. There is no experimental manipulation and the researcher does not start with a
    hypothesis. The goal of descriptive research is only to describe the person or object of the
    study. An example of descriptive research design is “the determination of the different kinds of
    physical activities and how often high school students do it during the quarantine period.”

    The correlational design identifies the relationship between variables. Data is collected by
    observation since it does not consider the cause and effect, for example, the relationship
    between the amount of physical activity done and student academic achievement.

    Ex post facto design is used to investigate a possible relationship between previous events
    and present conditions. The term “Ex post facto” which means after the fact, looks at the
    possible causes of an already occurring phenomenon. Just like the first two, there is no
    experimental manipulation in this design. An example of this is “How does the parent’s
    academic achievement affect the children obesity?”

    A quasi-experimental design is used to establish the cause and effect relationship of


    variables. Although it resembles the experimental design, the quasi-experimental has lesser
    validity due to the absence of random selection and assignment of subjects. Here, the
    independent variable is identified but not manipulated. The researcher does not modify pre-
    existing groups of subjects. The group exposed to treatment (experimental) is compared to the
    group unexposed to treatment (control): example, the effects of unemployment on attitude
    towards following safety protocol in ECQ declared areas.

    Experimental design like quasi- experimental is used to establish the cause and effect
    relationship of two or more variables. This design provides a more conclusive result because it
    uses random assignment of subjects and experimental manipulations. For example, a
    comparison of the effects of various blended learning to the reading comprehension of
    elementary pupils.

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