Introduction To Complier

The document introduces compiler construction and its objectives which include building a compiler for a programming language, using compiler construction tools, understanding assembly code and virtual machines, defining grammars, and learning compiler analysis and optimization techniques. It discusses compilers, interpreters, assemblers, linkers, loaders, preprocessors, editors and debuggers. It explains the analysis-synthesis model of compilation and the grouping of compiler phases into front and back ends. It also introduces compiler construction tools that can help implement compiler phases.

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Introduction To Complier

Uploaded by

Wazir Mariyam Hussain

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Introduction to Compiler

Construction
Zahir Abbas
2

Objectives
• Be able to build a compiler for a (simplified)
(programming) language
• Know how to use compiler construction tools,
such as generators of scanners and parsers
• Be familiar with assembly code and virtual
machines, such as the JVM, and bytecode
• Be able to define LL(1), LR(1), and LALR(1)
grammars
• Be familiar with compiler analysis and
optimization techniques
• … learn how to work on a larger software project!
3

Complier
4

History
5

Cont
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Interpreter
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Assemblers
8

Linkers
9

Loader
10

Preprocessor
11

Editors
12

Debuggers
13

Requirements
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Compilers and Interpreters

• “Compilation”
– Translation of a program written in a source
language into a semantically equivalent
program written in a target language
– Oversimplified view:
Input

Source Target
Compiler
Program Program

Error messages Output

Compilers and Interpreters
15

(cont’d)
• “Interpretation”
– Performing the operations implied by the
source program
– Oversimplified view:

Source
Program
Interpreter Output
Input

Error messages
The Analysis-Synthesis Model of
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Compilation

• There are two parts to compilation:

– Analysis determines the operations implied by
the source program which are recorded in a tree
structure
– Synthesis takes the tree structure and translates
the operations therein into the target program
Preprocessors, Compilers,
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Assemblers, and Linkers

Skeletal Source Program

Preprocessor
Source Program
Compiler
Target Assembly Program
Assembler
Relocatable Object Code
Linker Libraries and
Relocatable Object Files
Absolute Machine Code
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The Grouping of Phases

• Compiler front and back ends:
– Front end: analysis (machine independent)
– Back end: synthesis (machine dependent)
• Compiler passes:
– A collection of phases is done only once (single pass)
or multiple times (multi pass)
• Single pass: usually requires everything to be defined before
being used in source program
• Multi pass: compiler may have to keep entire program
representation in memory
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Compiler-Construction Tools
• Software development tools are available to
implement one or more compiler phases
– Scanner generators
– Parser generators
– Syntax-directed translation engines
– Automatic code generators
– Data-flow engines