1

SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL 1

Table S1.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for informative content of language

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 8 8 8 8-9 8-9 8-9 8 8 8 8
3 1 9 9 9 . . . 9 9 . .
4 2 . . . . . . . . 9 .
5 3-5 . . . . . . . . . 9
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . .
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 2

Table S2.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for personal orientation

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 5-6 5-6 5-6 5-6 5 5 5 5 5-6 5-6
3 1 . . . . 6 6 6 6 . .
4 2 . . . . . . . . . .
5 3-5 . . . . . . . . . .
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . .
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 3

Table S3.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for spatial orientation

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 3-4 3-4 3-4 3-4 3 3 3 3 3 3
3 1 . . . . . . . . . .
4 2 . . . . 4 .4 .4 . 4 4
5 3-5 . . . . . . . 4 . .
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . .
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 4

Table S4.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for temporal orientation

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 16-21 16-21 16-21 16-21 16-20 16-20 16-20 16-20 16 16
3 1 . . . . 21 . . . . .
4 2 22 22 22 22 22 21 21 21 17-20 17-21
5 3-5 . . . . . 22 . . 21 .
6 6-10 . . . . . . 22 22 . 22
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . 22 .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 5

Table S5.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for digit span forward

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 2-3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2-3 2-3
3 1 . 3 3 3 . . . 3 . .
4 2 . . . . 3 3 3 . . .
5 3-5 4 . . . . . . . . .
6 6-10 . 4 . . . . . . . .
7 11-18 . . 4 4 . . 4 4 4 .
8 19-28 . . . . 4 4 . . . 4
9 29-40 5 . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 .
11 60-71 6 . . . . . . . . 5
12 72-81 . 6 6 . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
14 90-94 7 7 7 . . . . . . .
15 95-97 8 . . 7 . 7 7 . . .
16 98 . 8 8 8 7 . . 7 7 .
17 99 . . . . 8 8 8 8 . .
18 >99 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8-9 7-9

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 6

Table S6.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for digit span backward

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3 1 . . . . . . . . . .
4 2 2 2 . . . . . . . .
5 3-5 . . 2 2 2 2 2 . . .
6 6-10 . . . . . . . 2 2 .
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . 2
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 3 3 3 . 3 . . . . .
10 41-59 4 4 . 3 . 3 3 3 . 3
11 60-71 . . 4 4 4 . . . 3 .
12 72-81 . . . . . 4 4 4 4 4
13 82-89 5 5 . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . 5 5 5 5 5 5 . 5
15 95-97 6 . . . . . . . 5 .
16 98 . 6 6 . . . . . 6 .
17 99 . . . . . 6 6 6 . .
18 >99 7 7 7 6-7 6-7 7 7 7 7 6-7

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 7

Table S7.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for automatized sequences: forward series time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 2 2-3 2-3 2-3 2 2 2 2 2-3 2-3
3 1 3 . . . 3 3 3 3 . .
4 2 4 4 4 4 . 4 4 . . .
5 3-5 . . . . 4 . . 4 4 .
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . 4
7 11-18 5 5 5 5 . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . 5 5 5 5 5 5
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 8

Table S8.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for mental control: backward series

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0 0 0 0-1 0-1
3 1 . . . . . 1 1 1 . .
4 2 . . . . . . . . . .
5 3-5 2 2 . . . . . . . .
6 6-10 . . 2 2 2 2 2 . 2 2
7 11-18 . . . . . . . 2 . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 9

Table S9.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for mental control: backward series time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 0-2 0-2 0-2 0-2 0-1 0 0 0 0-2 0-2
3 1 . . . . . 1 1 1 . .
4 2 3 3 . . 2 2 2 . . .
5 3-5 . . 3 3 3 . . 2 . .
6 6-10 . . . . . 3 3 3 3 3
7 11-18 4 4 4 . 4 . . . .
8 19-28 5 5 . 4 . 4 4 4 . .
9 29-40 . . 5 5 5 5 5 . 4 4
10 41-59 . . . . . . . 5 5 5
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 10

Table S10.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for repetition of pseudowords

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 3-4 3 3 3 3 3-4 3-4 3-4 3-4 3
3 1 5 4 4 4 4 . . . . .
4 2 6 5-6 5-6 5 5 5 5 . 5 4
5 3-5 . . . 6 6 . . 5 . 5
6 6-10 . . . . . 6 6 6 6 .
7 11-18 7 7 7 7 7 . . . . 6
8 19-28 . . . . . 7 7 7 7 7
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 11

Table S11.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for confrontation naming

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 10-11 10-11 10-11 10-11 10-11 10-11 10-11 10-11 10 10
3 1 . . 12 . . . . . . .
4 2 12-13 12 . . 12 12 12 12 11 11
5 3-5 . 13 13 12 . . . . 12 .
6 6-10 . . . 13 13 13 13 . . 12
7 11-18 . . . . . . . 13 13 13
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 14

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 12

Table S12.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for confrontation naming time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 31-38 31-34 31-34 31-34 31-34 31-35 31-35 31-32 31 31
3 1 39 35-36 35-36 35 35 . . 33-35 . .
4 2 . 37-38 37-38 . 36-37 36-37 36 36 32 32
5 3-5 40 39-40 39 36-37 38 38 37 37 33-36 33-35
6 6-10 41 41 40-41 38-40 . 39 38 38 37 36-37
7 11-18 . . . 41 39-41 40 39-40 39-40 38-39 38
8 19-28 . . . . . 41 41 41 40 39-40
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . 41 41
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42 42

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 13

Table S13.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for responsive naming time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 16-17 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16
3 1 . 17 17 17 17 17 17 . . .
4 2 . . . . . . . 17 . .
5 3-5 . . . . . . . . 17 17
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . .
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 14

Table S14.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for semantic fluency (animals)

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 6-9 6-9 6-9 6-9 6-7 6-7 6 6 6 6-7
3 1 10-11 . . 10 8-9 8-9 7 7 . .
4 2 12 10-11 10-11 . 10 . 8-9 . 7 8
5 3-5 . 12 . 11 11 10 10 8-9 8-9 9-10
6 6-10 13-14 13-14 12 12 . 11 11 10-11 10-11 11
7 11-18 15-16 15 13-14 13-14 12-13 12-13 12-13 12 12 .
8 19-28 17 16-17 15-16 15-16 14-15 14 14 13 13 12-13
9 29-40 18-19 18 17-18 17 16 15-16 15-16 14-15 14 14
10 41-59 20-21 19-21 19-20 18-20 17-19 17-19 17-18 16-18 15-17 15-16
11 60-71 22-23 22-23 21-23 21.22 20-21 20 19-20 19 18 17-18
12 72-81 24-26 24-26 24-26 23-24 22-23 21-23 21-22 20-21 19-20 .
13 82-89 27-29 27-29 27-29 25-28 24 24 23-24 22-24 21 19
14 90-94 30 30 30-32 29 25-27 25-26 25-26 25-26 22-25 20-21
15 95-97 31-32 31-32 31-32 30-32 28 27-28 27 27 26-27 22-27
16 98 . 33 33 33 29-32 29-32 28-29 28 . .
17 99 33-38 34-37 34-37 34-37 33-43 33-43 30-43 29 . .
18 >99 39-44 38-44 38-44 38-44 44 44 44 30-44 28-44 28-44

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 15

Table S15.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for verbal commands

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 10-13 10-13 10-13 10-13 10-11 10-11 10-11 10-12 10-13 10
3 1 . . . . 12 12 12 . . .
4 2 14 . 14 14 13 13 13 13 . 11-13
5 3-5 . 14 . . 14 14 14 14 14 .
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . 14
7 11-18 15 15 15 15 15 . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . 15 15 15 . 15
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . 15 .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 16

Table S16.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for complex ideational sentence comprehension

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-6 4-5 4-5 4-5 4 4
3 1 . . . . . 6 . . . .
4 2 . . . . . . 6 6 5 5
5 3-5 7 7 7 7 . . . . 6 6
6 6-10 . . . . 7 7 7 7 . .
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . 7 7
8 19-28 8 8 8 8 . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . 8 8 . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . 8 8 8 8
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 17

Table S17.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for complex ideational sentence comprehension time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 14-18 14-19 14-19 14-19 14-19 14-17 14-17 14-17 14 14
3 1 19 20 20 20 20 18-19 . . . .
4 2 20 . . . 20 18-20 18-20 15-17 15-17
5 3-5 21 21 . . . . . 20 18-20 18-19
6 6-10 22-23 22 21-22 21-23 21-22 21 21 21 . 20
7 11-18 . 23 23 . 23 22-23 22-23 22 21-22 21-22
8 19-28 24 24 24 24 . . . 23 23 23
9 29-40 25 25 25 25 24 , . . . .
10 41-59 26 . 26 . 25 24-25 24-25 24-25 24 24
11 60-71 . 26 . 26 26 26 26 . 25 25
12 72-81 . . . . . . . 26 26 26
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 28 27-28

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 18

Table S18.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for pseudowords reading

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 2-3 2-3 2-3 2 2 2 2 2-3 2-4 2-4
3 1 4 4 . 3 3 3 3 4 . .
4 2 . . 4 4 4 4 4 . . .
5 3-5 5 5 . . . . 5 . . .
6 6-10 5 5 5 5 . 5 5 5
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 19

Table S19.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for pseudowords reading time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 5-11 5-11 5-11 5 5 5 5 5 5-14 5-13
3 1 12-14 12-14 . 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-11 6-11 . .
4 2 . . 12-14 12-14 12-14 12-14 12-14 12-14 . 14
5 3-5 15-17 . . . . . 15-16 . . .
6 6-10 . 15-17 15-17 15-16 . 15-16 17 15-17 15-17 15-16
7 11-18 . . . 17 15-17 17 . . . 17
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 20

Table S20.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for reading of a text

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 48-51 48-51 48 48 48 48 48-53 48-53 48-53 48-50
3 1 52 . 49-51 49-51 49-51 49-52 . . . .
4 2 53-54 52 . . 52 53 . . . 51
5 3-5 . 53-54 52 52 53 54 54 . 54 52-53
6 6-10 55 55 53-54 53-54 54 . 55 54 55 54
7 11-18 . . 55 55 55 55 . 55 . 55
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56 56

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 21

Table S21.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for pseudoword raeding and discrimination

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 2-4 2-4 2-4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2-4
3 1 . . . 3 3 . . 3 3 .
4 2 . . . 4 4 3 3-4 4 . .
5 3-5 5 5 . . . 4 . . 4 .
6 6-10 . . 5 . . . . . . .
7 11-18 . . . 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 22

Table S22.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for pseudoword reading and discrimination time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 4-8 4-11 4-11 4-8 4-8 4 4 4 4 4
3 1 9-13 12 . 9-10 9-10 5-8 5-8 5-11 . 5-12
4 2 . 13 12 11 11-12 9-11 9-11 . 5-11 .
5 3-5 14-15 14 13 12 13 12-13 12-13 12-13 12-13 13
6 6-10 16 . 14 13-14 14 14 14 . . .
7 11-18 . 15-16 15 . . . . 14 14 14
8 19-28 17 . 16 15-16 15-16 15-16 15-16 15-16 15 15
9 29-40 . 17 17 17 17 . . . 16 16
10 41-59 . . . . . 17 17 17 17 17
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 23

Table S23.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for sentences and paragraph reading comprehension

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 1-4 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1
3 1 . 3 3 3 3-5 3-4 3-4 . .
4 2 5 4-5 4-5 4-5 . 5 5 3-4 3-4 2
5 3-5 6 6 . . . . . 5 5 3
6 6-10 . . 6 6 6 . 6 . . 4
7 11-18 7 7 . . . 6 . 6 6 5
8 19-28 . . 7 7 . . . . . 6
9 29-40 . . . . 7 7 7 7 7 7
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 24

Table S24.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for sentences and paragraph reading comprehension

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 3-8 3-5 3-5 3-5 3-5 3-6 3-6 3-6 3-6 3
3 1 9 6 6 6 6-10 7-8 7-8 . . .
4 2 10 7-9 7-9 7-8 11 9-10 9-10 7-8 7-9 4
5 3-5 11-15 10-14 10-11 9-12 12 11-12 11-13 9-10 10-11 5-6
6 6-10 16-18 15-17 12-15 13-14 13-15 13-15 14-15 11-15 12-15 7-9
7 11-18 19-20 18-20 16-19 15-17 16-17 16-17 16-17 16-17 16-17 10-15
8 19-28 21 21 20 18-20 18-19 18-19 18-19 18 18 16-18
9 29-40 22 22 21-22 21-22 20-21 20 20 19-20 19-20 19-20
10 41-59 23 23 23 23 22-23 21-22 21-22 21-22 21-22 21-22
11 60-71 . . . . . 23 23 23 . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . 23 23
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 24

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 25

Table S25.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for dictated pseudowords

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 2 2 2 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3
3 1 3 3 3 . . . . . . .
4 2 4 4 4 . . . . . 4 4
5 3-5 . . . 4 4 4 4 4 . .
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . .
7 11-18 . 5 5 5 . . . . . .
8 19-28 5 . . . 5 5 5 5 5 5
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 26

Table S26.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for dictated pseudowords time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-6 4-7 4-7 4-7 4
3 1 6-9 6 . 6 6 7 8 8 .
4 2 10 7-9 6-8 . 7-8 8 . . 8 5-9
5 3-5 11 10 9 7-9 . . 9 . 9 .
6 6-10 12 11 10-11 10 9-10 9-10 10 9-10 10 .
7 11-18 13-14 12 12 11-12 11 11 11 . 11 10
8 19-28 15 13-14 13-14 13-14 12-13 12 12 11 12 11-12
9 29-40 16 15-16 15 15 14-15 13-14 13 12 13 13
10 41-59 17 17 16 16 16 15-16 14-15 13-14 14 14
11 60-71 . . 17 17 17 17 16-17 15-16 15 15
12 72-81 . . . . . . . 17 16-17 16
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . 17
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 27

Table S27.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for written picture naming

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 1-3 1 1 1 1 1-2 1-2 1-4 1-4 1-3
3 1 4 2-3 2-3 2 2 3-4 3-4 . . .
4 2 5 4-5 4 3 3-4 . . . . 4
5 3-5 . . 5 4 . . . . 5 .
6 6-10 . . . 5 5 5 5 5 . 5
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 28

Table S28.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for written picture naming time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 4-12 4 4 4 4 4-6 4-6 4-9 4-13 4-5
3 1 13-14 . . 5-6 7-9 7-9 10-13 . .
4 2 15 5-15 5-14 5-6 7-13 10-13 10-13 . 14 6-11
5 3-5 16-17 16 15 7-14 14 14 14 14 . 12-14
6 6-10 . 17 16 15 15 15-16 15 15 15 .
7 11-18 . . 17 16-17 16 17 16 16 16 15
8 19-28 . . . . 17 . 17 17 17 16-17
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 29

Table S29.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for symbolic conventional gestures (command) right limb/hand

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 6-7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6-7 6-7
3 1 8 7 . . . . 7 7 . .
4 2 9 8 7 7 7 7 8 . . .
5 3-5 . 9 8 8 . 8 . 8 8 8
6 6-10 . . 9 9 8-9 9 9 9 9 9
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 30

Table S30.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for symbolic conventional gestures (command) left limb/hand

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 6-7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
3 1 8 7 . . . . 7 7 . .
4 2 9 8 7 7 7 7 8 . 7 7
5 3-5 . 9 8 8 8 8 . 8 8 .
6 6-10 . . 9 9 . . 9 . . 8
7 11-18 . . . . 9 9 . 9 9 .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . 9
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 31

Table S31.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for symbolic conventional gestures (imitation) right limb/hand

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 6 6 6 6-9 6-9 6-8 6-8 6-7 6-7 6-7
3 1 7-9 7-9 7-9 . . 9 9 8 . .
4 2 . . . . . . . 9 8 8
5 3-5 . . . . . . . . 9 9
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . .
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 32

Table S32.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for symbolic conventional gestures (imitation) left limb/hand

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 6 6 6 6-8 6-8 6 6 6 6 6-7
3 1 7-9 7-9 7-8 9 . 7-8 7-8 7 . .
4 2 . . 9 . 9 . 9 8 7 8
5 3-5 . . . . . 9 . 9 8-9 .
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . 9
7 11-18 . . . . . . . . . .
8 19-28 . . . . . . . . . .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 33

Table S33.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for bimanual pseudogesture imitation

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-5 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2
3 1 . . . . . . . . . .
4 2 6 6 6 . . 4 4 . . 3-4
5 3-5 . . . 6 . 5 5 4 4 .
6 6-10 . . . . 6 . . 5 5 5
7 11-18 7 7 7 7 . 6 6 6 . 6
8 19-28 . . . . 7 7 7 . 6 .
9 29-40 . . . . . . . 7 7 7
10 41-59 . . . . . . . . . .
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 34

Table S34.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for alternating sequences: right limb/hand

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-2 1 1 1
3 1 4 3 . . . . 3 2 . .
4 2 5 . 4 . 4 4 4 . 2 2
5 3-5 . 5 5 4 5 5 . 3-4 3 .
6 6-10 6 . . 5 . . 5 5 4-5 3
7 11-18 7 6 6 6 6 . . . . 4-5
8 19-28 . 7 7 7 . 6 6 . . .
9 29-40 . . . . 7 7 7 6 6 6
10 41-59 . . . . . . . 7 7 7
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 35

Table S35.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for alternating sequences: left limb/hand

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-2 1-2 1 1 1
3 1 . . . . . 3 . 2 . .
4 2 4 . . . . . 3 . 2 2
5 3-5 5 4 4 4 4 4 . 3 3 .
6 6-10 6 5 5 5 5 . 4 4 4 3
7 11-18 . 6 6 6 . 5 5 5 5 4
8 19-28 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 . . 5
9 29-40 . . . . 7 7 . 6 6 6
10 41-59 . . . . . . 7 7 7 7
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 36

Table S36.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for constructional praxis (drawing copy)

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 5 5 5 5 5 5-6 5-9 5-9 5-9 5-8
3 1 6-10 . . . 6 7-9 . . . .
4 2 . 6-10 6-8 6 7-10 10 10 10 . 9
5 3-5 11-12 . 9-10 7-10 . 11 11 11 10-11 .
6 6-10 13 11-12 11 11 11-12 12 12 . . 10-11
7 11-18 14 13 12-13 12 13-14 13-14 13-14 12-13 12 .
8 19-28 15 14 14 13-14 . . . 14 13 12
9 29-40 16 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 14 13-14
10 41-59 17 16 16 16 16 16-17 16 16 15-16 15
11 60-71 . 17 17 17 17 . 17 17 . 16
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . 17 17
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 37

Table S37.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for constructional praxis (drawing copy) time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 8-14 8-13 8 8 8 8 8-17 8-17 8-17 8-16
3 1 15-19 . 9-13 9-13 9-13 9-17 . . . .
4 2 20 14-17 14 . 14-17 18 18-19 18-19 18-19 17
5 3-5 21-23 18-20 15-19 14-17 18-19 19-20 20-21 20 20 .
6 6-10 24-25 21-24 20-23 18-22 20-22 21-22 22 21 21 18-19
7 11-18 26-28 25-26 24-25 23-25 23-25 23-26 23-25 22-23 22 20
8 19-28 29-30 27-29 26-28 26-28 26-27 27 26-27 24-26 23-24 21-23
9 29-40 31-32 30 29-30 29 28-29 28-29 28 27-28 25-28 24-26
10 41-59 33-34 31-33 31-33 30-33 30-33 30-32 29-31 29-31 29 27-29
11 60-71 35 34 34 34 34 33-34 32-33 32 30-32 30
12 72-81 . 35 35 35 35 . 34 33-34 33 31-32
13 82-89 . . . . . 35 35 35 34 33
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . 35 34
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . 35
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 38

Table S38.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for superimposed figures

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 15-17 15-17 15-17 15-17 15 15 15 15 15-16 15
3 1 . . . . 16-17 . . . . .
4 2 . . . . . 16-17 16-17 16 . 16
5 3-5 18 . . . . . . 17 17 .
6 6-10 . 18 18 . . . . . . .
7 11-18 . . . 18 18 18 18 18 18 17
8 19-28 19 19 . . . . . . . 18
9 29-40 . . 19 19 19 19 . . . .
10 41-59 . . . . . . 19 19 19 19
11 60-71 . . . . . . . . . .
12 72-81 . . . . . . . . . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . . .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . .
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 39

Table S39.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for superimposed figures time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 17-20 17-23 17-23 17-22 17-20 17 17 17 17-20 17-20
3 1 21-23 . . 23 21 18-20 18-20 18-20 . .
4 2 24 24 24 . 22 21 21 . 21 .
5 3-5 25-27 25-26 25 24-25 23-24 22 22 21 . 21
6 6-10 28 27 26 26 25-26 23-25 23-25 22-24 22-24 22-23
7 11-18 29-30 28-29 27-28 27 27 26-27 26-27 25-26 25-26 24-25
8 19-28 31-32 30-31 29-30 28-29 28-29 28 28 27-28 27 26
9 29-40 33 32 31-32 30-31 30-31 29-30 29-30 29 28 27
10 41-59 34 33-34 33 32-33 32-33 31-33 31-32 30-32 29-31 28-31
11 60-71 . . 34 34 34 34 33 33 32 32
12 72-81 . . . . . . 34 34 33 33
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . 34 .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . 34
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 40

Table S40.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for story cued recall

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 6-9 6-8 6-8 6-7 6-7 6 6 6 6 6-7
3 1 . 9 9 . . 7 7 7 . .
4 2 10 . 10 8 8 . . . 7 8
5 3-5 11 10 . 9-10 9 8 8 8 8 9-10
6 6-10 12 11-12 11-12 11 10-11 9-10 9-10 9-10 9-10 .
7 11-18 13-14 13-14 13 12-13 12-13 11-12 11-12 11 11 11
8 19-28 15 15 14-15 14 14-15 13-14 13 12-13 12 12
9 29-40 16-17 16-17 16 15 . 15 14-15 . 13 13
10 41-59 18 . 17 16-17 16-17 16 16 14-16 14 14
11 60-71 . 18 18 18 . 17 17 17 15-16 15
12 72-81 19 19 19 . 18-19 18 18 18 17 16
13 82-89 20 20 20 19-20 20 19-20 19 19 18 17
14 90-94 21 21 21 . . . 20 20 . 18
15 95-97 . . . 21-22 21 21 . . 19 19
16 98 . 22 22 . 22 . 21 21 20 20
17 99 . . . . . 22 . . . .
18 >99 22-23 23 23 23 23 23 22-23 22-23 21-23 21-23

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 41

Table S41.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for delayed story free recall

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 0-3 0-3 0-3 0-3 . . . . . .
3 1 4 . . . . . . . . .
4 2 5 . . . 0-3 0-3 0-1 . 0-1 0-1
5 3-5 6-7 4-6 4-5 . . 4-5 2-4 0-1 2-3 .
6 6-10 8-9 7 6-7 4-6 4-7 6-7 5-7 2-5 4-5 2-4
7 11-18 10 8-9 8-9 7-8 8-9 8 8 6-7 6 5
8 19-28 11-12 10-11 10 9-10 10 9-10 9 8 7 6-7
9 29-40 13 12 11-12 11 11 11 10 9-10 8 8
10 41-59 14-15 13-14 13-14 12-13 12-13 12-13 11-12 11 9-10 9-10
11 60-71 16 15 15 14-15 14-15 14 13 12-13 11 11
12 72-81 17-18 16-17 16-17 16-17 16 15-16 14-15 14-15 12-13 .
13 82-89 19 18 18 18 17-18 17 16 . 14-15 12-13
14 90-94 . 19 19 . 19 18-19 17-18 16 . .
15 95-97 20-21 . . 19 20 20 19-20 17-20 16 14-15
16 98 . 20 20 . 21 21 21 21 . .
17 99 . . 21 20 . . . . . .
18 >99 22-23 22-23 22-23 21-23 22-23 22-23 22-23 22-23 17-23 16-23

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 42

Table S42.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for delayed story cued recall

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 3-7 3-6 3-6 3-6 3 3 3 3 3 3-6
3 1 8 7 7 7 4-6 4-7 . . . .
4 2 9 8-9 8-9 8 7 8 4-8 4-6 4-6 7-8
5 3-5 10 10 10 9 8-9 9 . 7-8 7-8 .
6 6-10 11-12 11 11 10 10 10 9 9 9 9
7 11-18 13-14 12 12 11-12 11-12 11-12 10-11 10 10-11 10
8 19-28 15 13-14 13-14 13 13-14 13-14 12-13 11-12 . 11
9 29-40 16 15 15 14-15 15 15 14 13-14 12 12
10 41-59 17-18 16-18 16-17 16-17 16 16 15-16 15 13-14 13-14
11 60-71 19 19 18 18 17 17 17 16 15 .
12 72-81 20 . 19 19 18-19 18-19 18 17-18 16-17 15-16
13 82-89 21 20 20 . . . 19 19 18 17
14 90-94 . 21 21 20 20-21 20-21 20-21 20 19 18
15 95-97 22 . . 21 . . . 21 20 19-20
16 98 . 22 . 22 22 22 . 21 .
17 99 . . 22 . . 22 . .
18 >99 23 23 23 22-23 23 23 23 23 22 21-23

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 43

Table S43.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for visual memory

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 1 2-3 2 2 2 1-2 1 1 . . .
4 2 4 3 3 . . 2 2 1 1 1
5 3-5 5 4-5 4 3 . 3 . 2 2 2
6 6-10 6-7 . 5 4-5 3-4 4 3 3 . .
7 11-18 8 6-7 6 6 5 5 4-5 4 3 .
8 19-28 9 8 7-8 7 6-7 6-7 6 5 4-5 3-4
9 29-40 10-11 9-10 9-10 8-9 8 8 7 6 5
10 41-59 12 11 11 10 9-10 9-10 8-9 7-8 6-7 6
11 60-71 13 12 12 11 11 . 10 9-10 8 7
12 72-81 . 13 13 12 12 11 11 11 9-10 8
13 82-89 14 14 14 13 13 12-13 12-13 12 11 9-10
14 90-94 . . . 14 14 14 14 13-14 12 11-12
15 95-97 15 15 . . . . . 14 13-14 .
16 98 . . 15 15 . 15 15 15 . 13-14
17 99 . . . . 15 . . , . .
18 >99 16 18 16 16 16 16 16 16 15-16 15-16

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 44

Table S44.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for arithmetic

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 1-2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
3 1 . 2 . . . . . . . .
4 2 3 . 2 2 2 . 2 . . .
5 3-5 . 3 3 . . 2 . 2 2 2
6 6-10 4 . . 3 3 . . . . .
7 11-18 . 4 4 4 . 3 3 3 3 3
8 19-28 . . . . 4 4 4 4 . .
9 29-40 5 5 5 5 5 5 . . 4 .
10 41-59 6-7 6-7 6 6 6 6 5-6 5-6 5 4-5
11 60-71 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6
12 72-81 . . 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7
13 82-89 9 9 9 . 9 9 9 9 8 .
14 90-94 . . . 9 . . . . 9 8
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . 9
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 45

Table S45.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for arithmetic time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 2-5 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2 2 2 2-3 2
3 1 . . . . . 3 3 3 . .
4 2 6 4-5 4-5 . 4-5 . . . . 3
5 3-5 . 6 6 4-6 . 4-5 4-5 4 4-5 4-5
6 6-10 7 7 7 7 6 . . 5 . .
7 11-18 8-9 8 8 8 7 6-7 6-7 6-7 6-7 6
8 19-28 9 9 9 8-9 8 8 . . 7
9 29-40 10-11 10 10 . 10 9 9 8-9 8-9
10 41-59 12-14 11-14 11-13 10-12 11-13 10-13 10-11 10-11 10-11 8-9
11 60-71 15-16 15 14-15 13-15 14-15 14-15 12-14 12-14 12-13 10-11
12 72-81 17 16-17 16-17 16-17 16-17 16-17 15-17 15-17 14-15 12-13
13 82-89 18-19 . . 18 18 18 . 16-17 14-15
14 90-94 . 18-19 18-19 18-19 19 19 19 18 . 16-17
15 95-97 . . . . . . . 19 18-19 18-19
16 98 . . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 46

Table S46.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for similarities

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 0-3 0-2 0-2 0-2 0-2 0-2 0 0 0 0
3 1 . 3 . . . . 1-2 1-2 . .
4 2 4 . 3 . 3 3 3 3 1-2 1-2
5 3-5 . 4 4 3 4 . 4 . 3 .
6 6-10 5 5 . 4 . 4-5 5 4 . 3
7 11-18 6 . 5 5 5 . . 5 4 .
8 19-28 7 6 6 6 6 6 . . 5 4
9 29-40 . 7 7 7 7 . 6 6 . 5
10 41-59 8-9 8-9 8 8 8 7 7 7 6-7 6
11 60-71 . . 9 9 9 8-9 8 . . 7
12 72-81 10 10 . . . . 9 8 8 8
13 82-89 11 11 10-11 10-11 10-11 10 . 9 9 .
14 90-94 . . . . . 11 10-11 10 . 9
15 95-97 . . . . . . . 11 . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . 10 .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 11-12 10-12

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 47

Table S47.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for digit-symbol (coding)

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 1-8 1-8 1-8 1-7 1-4 1-4 1-4 1-4 1-5 1
3 1 . . . . 5 5 5 5 . .
4 2 9 . . 8 6-7 6-7 6 . 6-7 2-3
5 3-5 10-11 9-10 9 . 8 8 7 6-7 8 4
6 6-10 12-14 11-12 10 9 9 9 8-9 8 . 5-7
7 11-18 15-19 13-14 11-13 10-12 10-12 10-12 10-11 9-10 9-10 8
8 19-28 20-21 15-19 14-17 13-15 13-15 13-14 12-13 11-12 11 9-10
9 29-40 22-25 20-22 18-21 16-19 16-18 15-17 14-15 13-14 12-13 11-12
10 41-59 26-30 23-28 22-26 20-25 19-23 18-21 16-19 15-18 14-16 13-14
11 60-71 31-35 29-31 27-29 26-28 24-26 22-24 20-23 19-21 17-19 15-16
12 72-81 36 32-35 30-32 29-31 27-29 25-27 24-25 22-25 20-21 17-21
13 82-89 37-42 36-38 33-38 32-34 30-33 28-31 26-29 26-30 22-25 22-25
14 90-94 43-45 39-42 39-41 35-38 34-35 32-35 30-34 31-34 26-31 .
15 95-97 46-48 43-47 42-45 39-42 36-38 36-38 35 35 32-34 26-31
16 98 49-54 48 46-48 43 39-43 39-40 36-38 36-38 35 32-34
17 99 . 49-54 . 44-47 44-47 41-43 39-40 39-40 . .
18 >99 55 55 49-55 48-55 48-55 44-55 41-55 41-55 36-55 35-55

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 48

Table S48.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for block design

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0-1 0 0 0 0-1 0
3 1 . . . . . 1 1 1 . .
4 2 2 . . . . . . . . 1
5 3-5 . 2 2 . . . . . . .
6 6-10 . . . . . . . . . .
7 11-18 3 . . 2 2 2 2 2 2 .
8 19-28 . 3 3 . . . . . . 2
9 29-40 4 . . 3 3 3 3 . . .
10 41-59 5 4 4 4 4 4 . 3 3 3
11 60-71 . 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4
12 72-81 . . . . . . 5 5 . .
13 82-89 . . . . . . . . 5 .
14 90-94 . . . . . . . . . 5
15 95-97 . . . . . . . . . .
16 98 . . . . . . . . .
17 99 . . . . . . . . . .
18 >99 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43
 49

Table S49.
Age-adjusted scores (SSA) for block design time

Age range (years)

Scaled Score Percentile
50-56 57-59 60-62 63-65 66-68 69-71 72-74 75-77 78-80 81+
Range
2 <1 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-3 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-2 1-3 1
3 1 4-5 4 . . 3 . . . . .
4 2 . 5 4 . . 3 3 3 . .
5 3-5 6 . 5 4 4 . . 4 4 2
6 6-10 . 6 6 5 5 4-5 4-5 . . 3-4
7 11-18 7-8 7 7 6 6 . . 5 5
8 19-28 9-10 8 8 7 7 6-7 6 6 6 5-6
9 29-40 11 9-10 9-10 8-9 8 8 7-8 7 . .
10 41-59 12-13 11-12 11-12 10-11 9-11 9-10 9 8-9 7-9 7-9
11 60-71 14 13 13 12-13 12 11-12 10-11 10-11 10 10
12 72-81 15 14-15 14 14 13-14 13-14 12-13 12 11 11
13 82-89 16 . 15 15 15 15 14 13-14 12 12
14 90-94 . 16 16 . . 16 15-16 15 13-14 13-14
15 95-97 17 17 17 16 16 . . 16 .
16 98 . . . 17 17 17 17 . 15 15
17 99 . . . . . . . 17 . .
18 >99 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 16-18 16-18

Age Range 50-60 53-63 56-66 59-69 62-72 65-75 68-78 71-81 74-84 77+ (77-90)
Sample Size 132 128 121 104 121 126 127 102 66 43