Approaches To Curriculum Design

APPROACHES TO
CURRICULUM
DESIGN
THE SIX (6) FEATURES OF A
CURRICULUM
THE TEACHER
THE LEARNERS
KNOWLEDGE, SKILLS, VALUES
STRATEGIES AND METHODS
PERFORMANCE
COMMUNITY PARTNERS
Who teaches?
The Teacher Quality Education requires quality teachers.
Good teachers bring a shining light into the learning
environment.
They are ideal companions of the learners.
With the advances in communication technology, good teachers
are needed to sort out the information from the data that
surround the learners.
Good teachers are needed to sort out the knowledge from the
info. but even more important, excellent teachers are needed
to sort the wisdom from the knowledge.
Institutions are as good as its teachers.
Who do the teachers teach?
The Learners
The learners are at the center stage in the educative
process.
They are the most important factors in the learning
environment.
There is no teaching without them. Hence, teachers
should understand and accept the learner’s diverse
background.
Each one of them is unique individual. Considering the
domain of diversity of learners will allow the individual
learner to develop his multiple intelligences at his own pace
What do the teachers teach?
Knowledge, Skills, Values
“To help the learners cope with rapid changes to
understand and to succeed in the new work in the
workplace, we must design a curriculum oriented to
tomorrow.”
The learning episode influences the teaching-learning
process. The teacher is expected to prepare
his/syllabus or a course of study as his vehicle for
instruction. There must be a balance of theory and
practice.
How do teachers teach?
Strategies & Methods Researches show that there is no
best strategy that could work in a million of different
student background and characteristics. However, for
teachers to teach effectively, they must use appropriate
methodologies, approaches and strategies “capped with
compassionate and winsome nature”.
Teachers should select teaching methods, learning
activities and instructional materials or resources
appropriate to learners and aligned to objectives of the
lesson.
How much of the teaching was
learned?
Performance When teachers teach, they formulate
objectives to be accomplished by the learners.
A curriculum should be clear at the beginning with what
knowledge, skills and values should be developed by the
learners At the end of the teaching act, it is necessary
to find out if the objectives set were accomplished.
Performance is a feature of a curriculum that should be
given emphasis. However, if the performance of the
learners is low then it follows that the curriculum has
failed. A good curriculum is one that results in high or
excellent performance
With whom do we teach?
Community Partners Teaching is a collaborative undertaking.

While teachers are the focal point in the learning process, they
must draw upon the resources of their environment and of their
partners to be effective.
Teachers must established relationship with parents, NGO’s and
their stakeholders. An absence of partnership often means a poor
definition of education ends. However, as society changes, teachers
will have a new beginning, an opportunity to recast their role in
their communities, to change their attitude to their communities, to
change the attitude of their communities and societies about them.
COMMON APPROACHES
TO CURRICULUM DESIGN
INCLUDES:
CHILD OR LEARNER-
CENTERED APPROACH
SUBJECT-CENTERED
APPROACH
PROBLEM-CENTERED
APPROACH
This approach to curriculum
design is based on the underlying
CHILD OR LEARNER- philosophy that the child is the
CENTERED APPROACH center of the educational
process
Curriculum is constructed Curriculum is also built

based on the needs, upon the learners
interest, purpose and knowledge, skills, learning
abilities of the learners and potentials.
A new respect for the
This approach child is fundamental
considers the
A new freedom of action
is provided
following: The whole activity is
divided in to units of
work
The recognition of the
need for using and
exploring many media for
self-discovery and self-
direction is embraced
SUBJECT -CENTERED APPROACH
Anchored on the curriculum design which prescribes
different and separate subjects into one broad
fields, this approach considers the following
The primary The continuing The subject

focus is the pursuit of matter
subject matter. learning outside
the emphasis is serves as a
the school is not mean of
on bits and
emphasized.
pieces of identifying
information Learning should
problems in
which are only take place
inside the living
detached from
life classroom
PROBLEM- CENTERED
APPROACH
This approach
is based on a
curriculum Thus, problem solving enables the
design which learners to become increasingly able
assumes that to achieve complete or total
in the process development as individuals
of living,
children
experience
problems
This approaches is characterized by
the following:
the learners this curriculum

the learners
are capable of leads the
are prepared
directing and learners in the
to assume recognition of
guiding their civic
themselves in concerns and
responsibilities problems and in
resolving through direct seeking solutions.
problems, thus participation The learners
they become and different are consider as
independent activities problem solvers
learners.

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APPROACHES TO

Community Partners Teaching is a collaborative undertaking.

Curriculum is constructed Curriculum is also built

The primary The continuing The subject

the learners this curriculum

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