MINI 900 RATEMETER

Radiation Monitor
Models E, EP15, EP15FL, S, SL & X

Instruction Manual
June 2005

MIM001 Issue 15
1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................... 2

1.1. Basic Monitor 2

1.2. Probe Attachments 2
2. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS................................................................... 4

2.1. Controls 4
2.2. Battery 4
2.3. Mains operation 4
2.4. Battery Charge 5
2.5. Alarm level adjustment 5
2.6. Detector handling 5
3. INTERPRETATION OF METER READING................................................ 5

3.1. Contamination measurements 5

3.2. Small source measurements 6
3.3. Beta surface dose measurements 6
3.4. Gamma flux measurements 7
3.5. X-ray leakage detection 7
3.6. Paralysis time correction 7
4. PRECAUTIONS IN USING CONTAMINATION MONITORS...................... 7

5. MAINTENANCE.......................................................................................... 9

5.1. G-M tube replacement 9

5.2. Meter zero adjustment 9
5.3. Meter calibration 10
5.4. HV supply 10
5.5. Overload setting 10
6. SERVICE AND GUARANTEE .................................................................... 11

7. INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION................................................................ 12

8. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION............................................................................ 14

9. COMPONENT LIST .................................................................................... 15

MIM001 Page i
 ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1 Photon energy response (model X)

Figure 2 Energy response (model E)

Figure 3 Photon energy response (model S)

Figure 4 Energy response (model E)

Figure 5 Energy response (model EP15/EP15FL)

DRAWINGS

900 Basic PBC Assembly 900116A

900 Circuit Diagram 900117

MIM001 Page ii
PREFACE

LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoing warranty does not cover damage caused by accidental
misuse, abuse, neglect, misapplication or modification.

No warranty of fitness for a particular purpose is offered. The user

assumes the entire risk of using the product. Any liability of Thermo
Electron Corporation is limited exclusively to the replacement of defective
materials or workmanship.
DISCLAIMER
Thermo Electron Corporation reserves the right to make changes to this
manual or the instrument without notice, as part of our policy of continued
developments and improvements.

All care has been taken to ensure accuracy of information contained in

this manual. However we cannot accept responsibility for any errors or
damages resulting from errors or inaccuracies of information herein.
SAFETY
This instrument has been designed to comply with the IEC 348-1978 (BS
4743-1979) safety standard
QUALITY
Note: The standards referred to in the design and construction of
Thermo's products are those prevailing at the time of product launch. As
the standards are altered from time to time, we reserve the right to
include design modifications which are deemed necessary to comply with
the new or revised regulations.
STANDARDS

Electromagnetic compatibility
This instrument has been designed to comply with the standards and
regulations called up by the European Directive on EMC (EEC/89/336).

MIM001 Page iii

WEEE Compliance

This product is required to comply with the European Union’s Waste

Electrical & Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive 2002/96/EC. It is
marked with the following symbol:

Thermo Electron has contracted with one or more recycling/disposal

companies in each EU Member State, and this product should be
disposed of or recycled through them. Further information on Thermo
Electron’s compliance with these Directives, the recyclers in your country,
and information on Thermo Electron products which may assist the
detection of substances subject to the RoHS Directive are available at
www.thermo.com/WEEERoHS.

MIM001 Page iv
1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1.1 Basic monitor

The monitor is designed for use in teaching, research, hospital,
industrial laboratories. When fitted with a suitable probe it will measure
contamination down to the accepted levels and indicate γ or X-ray background
intensity.
The monitor is powered by easily available primary cells or may be
mains operated from a small power unit. In addition rechargeable cells can be
used which are recharged by using the same power unit.
The probe is connected to the monitor by either an extensible co-axial
cable or a standard cable. It may be used remotely or attached to the case by a
clip. A meter registers the counting rate on a semi-logarithmic scale thus
making range changing unnecessary. An internal speaker, which may be
switched off, gives an audible indication of intensity.
The monitor has a warning alarm adjustable to trip at any selected
level on the scale. It can be made inoperative during normal use but will
respond on overload.

1.2 Probe attachments

The monitor is available with six different probes, each identified as a
separate model. It is not recommended to exchange probes owing to the need
to re-adjust the internal controls. This is good radiation safety practice as it
avoids the monitor being maladjusted when most needed.
(a) Model S This is a general purpose monitor employing a G-M tube of
active length 64mm and a wall thickness of 30mg cm-² representing a
half value layer for 700 keV β’s. it is suitable for penetrating β emitters
like 90Sr, 32P and also 36Cl but it is not suitable for 3H, 14C, 35S and
45
Ca. It is also suitable for β-γ emitters providing there is a
penetrating β emission.
The G-M tube is protected from damage by a holder surrounding the
tube except for an open grille at one side. By presenting the back of
the holder to the source the β component of a β-γ emitter can be
screened out.
(b) Model SL This differs from the previous model by using a longer G-M
tube having an active length of 120mm. It is approximately twice as
sensitive when presented to sufficiently large contaminated areas.

MIM001 Page 1
(c) Model E This model uses a thin end window G-M tube of thickness
1.5-2.2 mg cm-² and area 6.0 cm². It is suitable for estimating the
lower contamination limits from 14C, 35S, 45Ca and 131l as well as the
more penetrating β emitters but not 3H. The G-M tube is contained in
a black anodised holder fitted with a stainless steel grille to protect the
fragile window. A plastic cap is supplied to cover the window when
not in use. Care must be taken in replacing the cap to avoid imploding
the window.
The tube is sensitive to α particles and can estimate contamination
levels down to about 2 x 10-4 µCi cm-² (7 Bq cm-²). While it is not
sufficiently sensitive to monitor down to the recommended levels for
uniform α contamination it is ideal for finding hot spots.
(d) Model EP15 The EP15 uses a halogen-quenched G-M tube with an
active area of 15cm-² and a window thickness of 1.5-2.0 mg cm-². It is
recommended for soft β monitoring. It is therefore suitable for
measuring the lower contamination limits for soft β emitters such as
14
C, 35S, 45Ca as well as the more penetrating emitters e.g. 32P, 131l.
The monitor is NOT suitable for the detection of 3H. It has a very thin
mica window and must be handled with care. The thin window makes
it suitable for monitoring α particles above 3Mev. The sensitivity to α
contamination is sufficient to measure down to 3.7 Bq cm-² (10-4 µCi
cm-²).
(e) Model EP15FL This model has similar response characteristics to the
EP15. The main difference is in the probe housing which has been
designed for ease of handling when rapidly surveying clothing or
surfaces for contamination.
(f) Model X The G-M tube for this model is mounted in a small anodised
aluminium holder. The end window diameter is 17mm and the mica
thickness is 2.5-3.0 mg cm-². The small size and convenient mounting
of the tube makes it particularly useful for locating X-ray leakage
points from crystallographic apparatus. The model may also be used
as a contamination monitor having a sensitivity about 1/3 of the model
E for the more penetrating β emitters although it is not recommended
for this purpose.
The probe may be used further from the instrument than allowed by
the extensible cable. Up to 15 metres of low capacity coaxial cable is
acceptable.
All the ratemeters are scaled 0.5-2k counts s-¹.

MIM001 Page 2
2. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

2.1. Controls
There are two external controls
(a) A four position rotary switch labelled with symbols OFF, BAT, ON,
SPEAKER OFF.
(b) A screwdriver control to set alarm level.

2.2. Battery
The state of the battery is indicated on the meter when the switch is
turned to the position marked ‘bat’. In this position the battery is subjected to a
current drain in excess of that used in normal operation. In order to ensure that
the battery is satisfactory the pointer should be observed for about 10 seconds
to see if it falls below the green sector. If so, the battery should be changed or if
rechargeable, put on charge.
The reading depends upon the type of cell fitted. New primary cells read
near the top of the green scale but rechargeables read in the centre.
The battery is contained within the rear compartment. A half turn on
the screw lets down the flap to reveal the six cells contained in a removable
holder. Take out the holder and replace the cells observing the correct polarity.
The label on the hinged flap suggests some suitable replacement types. Make
sure the monitor is off before connecting the press studs as an accidental
reversal may damage the circuit.

2.3. Mains Operation

The monitor may be operated from the mains by using a separate power
unit. For electrical safety reasons it MUST use a ‘DOUBLE INSULATED’
isolating transformer. The unit supplied by Thermo Electron Corporation is
recommended as it conforms to the appropriate specifications. The same unit
also provides the charging current when rechargeable cells are fitted. Mains
units are available for 210 – 250V, 50Hz and 110 – 120V, 60Hz; output 12-18
volts d.c. at 75mA.
The unit is plugged into the jack socket on the right-hand side of the
case. A green LED glows when in use. When the power unit is plugged in, the
internal batteries are disconnected but make sure that the internal charge
switch is ‘off’ if the cells are not rechargeable.
There is no internal fuse in the monitor. Should a failure occur that
overloads the mains power unit a thermal protection device cuts off the mains
input. The thermal device is not resettable.

MIM001 Page 3
2.4. Battery Charge
The mains unit can be used to replenish rechargeable cells. When the
cells are exhausted, plug in the mains unit and switch the charge switch within
the battery compartment over to ‘charge’. The charge rate is 45mA and
charging is complete in 16h. Do NOT charge primary cells. When the charge is
complete, switch off the charger at the mains.

2.5. Alarm level adjustment

The alarm level is variable from zero to beyond the limit of the scale. It is
set by using a test source to give the desired level and adjusting the front panel
control with a small screwdriver. The alarm resets when the radiation level falls
below the trip level. If the control is turned fully clockwise the alarm is disabled
for all levels on the scale. The alarm is not disabled for overload conditions
providing this adjustment is correctly made: see section 5.5. In addition the
alarm is not switched out by the ‘speaker off’ position.

2.6. Detector Handling

THE TYPE ‘E’. ‘EP15’ AND ‘EP15FL’ PROBES ARE SUPPLIED WITH A
PLASTIC CAP WHICH PROVIDES PROTECTION FOR THE FRAGILE
DETECTOR WINDOW. THIS COVER MUST BE REMOVED BEFORE USE.
FOR CONTINUED PROTECTION REPLACE THE CAP WHEN THE
MONITOR IS NOT IN USE.

The window is very delicate. Great care should be exercised when

using the detector. If the window is broken, repair is only by replacement of the
G-M tube.

3. INTERPRETATION OF METER READING

3.1. Contamination measurements

Table I shows the approximate counting rate in pulses per second
from calibrated large area source for the different models. These
measurements were carried out by NRPB using sources having an active area
of 100cm².
The figures are given with the normal protective grille in place. For
models E, EP15 and EP15FL they have a transparency of 80%.
Model E is fitted with a ZP1490 tube but the alternative LND 7231
tube has a similar performance.

MIM001 Page 4
 TABLE I
Nuclide Eβ max Counts s-¹ above background for
1 Bq cm-² (2.7 x 10-5 µCi cm-²) on 100cm²
Model S/SL Model E Model EP15/EP15FL
1cm from 1cm from 1cm from surface
surface surface
90
Sr/90Y 0.55/2.3 1.1/2.2 1.6 3.6
204
TI 0.77 - 1.5 3.6
36
CI 0.71 0.4/0.8 1.7 4.0
147
Pm 0.22 - 0.4 1.4
14
C 0.16 - 0.4 0.8
238
Pu α emitter - 0.4 1.3

3.2 Small source measurements

Table II shows the typical count rate obtained from small sources
placed in virtual contact with the grille for the larger end window G-M tubes.
TABLE II
Nuclide Counts s-¹ per Bq above background from small sources
Model E Model EP15/EP15FL
90
Sr/90Y 0.25 0.26
14
C 0.08 0.08
241
Am(α) 0.15 0.16

3.3 Beta surface dose measurements

Approximate surface dose rate measurements can be made with end
window G-M probes. The figures given in Table III give a dose equivalent rate
of 1µSv.h-¹ to tissue.
TABLE III
Nuclide Eβ max Counts s-¹ above background for 1µSv h-¹ to tissue
Model E Model EP15/EP15FL
90
Sr/90Y 0.55/2.3 3.0 8.8
204
TI 0.77 1.4 3.9
147
Pm 0.22 1.6 4.2

MIM001 Page 5
 3.4 Gamma flux measurements
G-M tubes used for beta monitoring display a wide range of sensitivity
to the range of γ radiations available. For this reason figures are quoted for
selected γ emitters shown in Table IV. References to Figure 1 to 6 (with
acknowledgements to NRPB) show how the response varies with energy for
the G-M tubes in these monitors.
Due to the non-linear photon energy response these monitors are not
recommended for measuring γ dose rate.
TABLE IV
Γ sensitivity in counts s-¹ per µGy h-¹ in air
Γ emitter Model S/SL Model E Model EP15/EP15FL Model X
60
Co 5/11 3.0 6.5 2.5
137
Cs 4/9 2.6 5.8 2
241
Am 20/45 12 27 15
85
Kr (gamma) 3.5/8 2.5 5.3 2

3.5 X-ray leakage detection

Model X has been used over many years for X-ray machine leakage
detectors. The sensitivity curve does not allow accurate measurement (see
Fig.1) but it shows adequate sensitivity at the low energies. The philosophy for
X-ray leakage is find it, then stop it. The monitor may be used with confidence
for locating leakage from small cracks which larger and more cumbersome
detectors may fail to find.
A figure of 2.0 counts s-¹ for 1µGyh-1 is often used as a guide to
leakage intensity. The curve in Fig.1 shows this figure to be generally
conservative except for the very low energies.

3.6 Paralysis time correction

There is a fixed paralysis time of 100µs for all models. The counting
loss correction is allowed for in the meter scaling. The maximum correction is
20%.

4. PRECAUTIONS IN USING CONTAMINATION MONITORS

The company believes it has taken all reasonable precautions to
ensure that the correct use of these monitors does not endanger the health and
safety of any person but it is essential that persons should be trained to
interpret the results sensibly and be aware of the limitations of the monitor.

MIM001 Page 6
To help the operator some of these limitations are described below:

(a) Make sure that the battery is in good order. Do not perform the battery
check too hastily or it will not give a true indication of battery condition.

(b) Make sure that the monitor is working by noting if it is responding to

background. It is sensible to check the monitor with a radioactive
source to see if it is giving the expected reading and audible signal.
The test source need not be traceable but a consistent source-to-tube
geometry should be maintained.

(c) The probe determines the performance of the monitor. Make sure the
correct probe is chosen for the radiation you wish to monitor.

(d) Some X-ray machines and particle accelerators produce radiation in

short pulses. If the intensity of the radiation in these pulses is
sufficient to cause a response at a rate exceeding an order of
magnitude less than the pulse repetition frequency then non-linearity
of response will occur. At the limit the monitor indicates pulse
repetition frequency and not the radiation intensity.

(e) Gamma flux readings are only correct when the entire detector can
reside within a uniform radiation beam. Pencil beams may under-read.

(f) Contamination monitors are not recommended for the measurement

of gamma dose rate.

(g) The meter reading of G-M tube monitors is prone to fall back at very
high radiation levels. The monitor contains an overload circuit to
maintain full meter reading but its operation depends upon correct
adjustment of an internal control. Users should occasionally check that
full scale is maintained at high radiation levels. Do not try to estimate a
reading off scale.

(h) The monitor is not intrinsically safe and must not be used in potentially
explosive atmospheres.

(i) All probes are fragile. If you drop the probe it may not work again.

(j) The monitor is not ruggedised and will not work if dropped into a pond
or run over by a bus!

MIM001 Page 7
5. MAINTENANCE
The instructions that follow are written to help owners make certain repairs
themselves. An expertise beyond elementary knowledge may be required and
the company cannot be responsible for damage incurred to monitors or
persons while carrying out these instructions. The company is always prepared
to give technical help over the telephone but if there is doubt the monitor should
be returned to us for servicing.
If the monitor fails after having checked the battery then access to the
components and pre-set controls is obtained by removing the front panel.
DANGER – Voltages in excess of 500V are present on the circuit board.

5.1. G-M tube replacement

All the G-M tubes may be replaced by the user. For the EP15FL access to the
tube is obtained by removing the three screws securing the rear cover and then
carefully removing the internal circlip. The replacement is obvious for the S and
SL models but the end window models need a tool to remove the circlip
(Anderton type HD2) but long nosed pliers will do. Great care is required in
replacing a large area tube as the circlip is against the front window. When
removing the old tube make a note of how the wires are connected. In
particular the model X tube has the lead carrying the resistor attached to the
pin within the crescent on the bakelite case.
If the replacement tube is identical to the one discarded it is likely that
no internal controls need to be adjusted. However you may be statutorily
required to check the response. In particular you must be sure that the overload
setting is correctly adjusted. See 5.5

5.2. Meter zero adjustment

The mechanical zero is set on the meter barrel and any adjustment must
be made with the monitor switched off. The pointer must rest at approximately
1mm below the scale zero. With the monitor switched on the electrical zero
control R34 is now adjusted to bring the pointer back to the scale zero. Owing
to background radiation it must be adjusted with the G-M tube disconnected.
Allow several minutes for the meter to settle before making the adjustment.

MIM001 Page 8
5.3. Meter calibration
The calibration potentiometer R31 is situated at the bottom centre of the
printed circuit board. To recalibrate inject square pulses of a few volts via a
100pF (2kV) capacitor into the G-M tube input pin (junction of R22/C14). The
pulse repetition rate will need to be corrected to allow for paralysis time
correction built into the scale. The table below relates the scale with the pulse
repetition frequency (PRF).
Scale reading_________
Input pulse rate = 1 + Scale reading x paralysis time

The table below relates the scale with the pulse repetition frequency.
Scale reading Pulse repetition frequency
2000 1667
2000 909
500 476
200 196
100 99
50 50
10 10

5.4. HV supply
The detector HV supply can be varied from 300 to 650 volts. The control
for adjusting the HV is R18. Anti-clockwise rotation increases the potential. The
voltage is best measured using a high resistance meter, at least 20kohm/V,
connected between the junction of R22/C11 and 0V. The required operating
voltage is 450V for the models ‘S’, ‘SL’ and ‘X’ and 550V for models ‘E’, ‘EP15’
and ‘Ep15FL’.

HV Settings (V)
Model S/SL Model S/SL Model E Model EP15/ Model X
(glass tubes) (metal tubes) EP15FL
450 475 550 550 450

5.5. Overload setting

An overload circuit ensures that the meter pointer remains over
maximum deflection for radiation intensities exceeding many times the
maximum scale reading. The adjustment depends on the HV setting and G-M
tube and must be done whenever either is changed. The control for setting the
overload alarm point is the potentiometer R20.

MIM001 Page 9
 To adjust the alarm set the function switch to the ‘speaker off’ position
and turn the control fully anti-clockwise. Using a strong source send the meter
well over the maximum scale mark, adjust the control to sound the alarm.
Check that the alarm stops sounding when the source is moved to a position
where the reading is equal to the maximum scale mark on the meter. If
necessary re-adjust the control until this condition is met. In case of difficulty
the company should be consulted.

6. SERVICE AND GUARANTEE

With normal care and attention this monitor should give many years
service. If any fault occurs to the monitor within two years of purchase (one
year for the detector) that is due, in our opinion, to a manufacturing defect then
it will be repaired or replaced without charge.
If a fault occurs outside the guarantee period the company or its
agents will service the monitor. A note explaining what you believe to be wrong
is often helpful. If the customer wishes to repair the fault the company will give
technical help. However the company does not wish to abrogate its prime
responsibility to its customer to third parties and service organisations. If these
organisations are employed we would ask for the monitor to be forwarded to us,
untampered with, for service. Overseas customers should return instruments by
air parcel post, not air freight.
The company will not be responsible for damage or loss occurring in
transit to the company whether or not properly packed but emphasis cannot be
made strongly enough on the need to ensure adequate packing.

The address is:

Service Department
Thermo Electron Corporation
Bath Road
Beenham
READING RG7 5PR
Berkshire
ENGLAND

Telephone: 0118 971 2121 National

+44 118 971 2121 International
Fax: +44 118 971 2835

MIM001 Page 10
7. INSTRUMENT SPECIFICATION
The calibration and test information in this manual is drawn from a
number of sources but the company wishes to acknowledge especially the help
and guidance given by the National Radiological Protection Board.
EP15 (EP15FL 900E 900SL 900X
Surface area C 10 x 10cm
14 1.3 counts s-¹ 0.61 counts s-¹ - -
response distributed source per Bq cm-² per Bq cm-² - -
1cm from probe - - - -

Intrinsic error 14C <±50% <±50% - -

90 Sr/90Y <±30% -

Linearity of From 1 count s-¹ ±10% ±10% ±10% ±10%

indication to 1000 counts s-¹

Resolution Included in scale 100µs 100µs 100µs 100µs

time Overload graduation 100 indicates over indicates over indicates over indicates over
times FSD full scale full scale full scale full scale

Variation of β Nuclide E max counts s-¹ per counts s-¹ per counts s-¹ per
response with MeV Bq cm-² Bq cm-² Bq cm-²
energy 4.0 1.8 2.2 -
90Sr/90Y 2.27 3.6 1.3 0.8
204TI 0.77
147Pm
1.7 0.9 no response
0.23

γ response 5.8 counts s-¹ 2.6 counts s-¹ 9.0 counts s-¹ 2 counts s-¹
µGγh-¹ µGγh-¹ µGγh-¹ µGγh-¹
137 Cs 0.66 MeV

α response
0.2 counts s-¹ 0.14 counts s-¹ none
Am small area
241 -
per Bq per Bq
source in contact
with grille
Neutron - - -
-
response per µSvh-¹
241Am/Be neutrons

Battery life at 4 ~300h ~300h ~300h ~300h

hours/day ~150h ~150h ~150h ~150h
Alkaline cells
Standard cells
Mass per area of 1.5-2.0mg cm-² 1.5-2.2mg cm-² - 2.5-3.0mg cm-²
entrance window - - 25-35mg cm-² -
E,EP15 & X
S & SL glass

MIM001 Page 11
Area of window 6.0 cm² 10 cm²
15 cm² 2.25 cm²
Area of window
obscured by ~20% none
grille Open grille 1cm² ~20% ~50% -
holes - -
Wire grille
End cap super- ~100mg cm-² -
ficial density ~100mg cm-² - ~350mg cm-² ~50mg cm-²
Plastic cap -
-
Side wall of holder
Background ~0.25 counts s-¹ ~1 counts s-¹
~0.5 counts s-¹ ~0.5 counts s-¹

Statistical 3.5 counts s-¹ 4 counts s-¹

fluctuations Count rate for ±20%
3.5 counts s-¹ 3 counts s-¹
coeff of variance inc
bg above

Response time 4s 4s
to reach 63% of 3.5s (4s) 1.5s 1.5s 10s
change 1-10 counts s-¹ 2.5s (1.5s) - - 3s
10-100 counts s-¹ - <1s <1s -
100-1000 counts s-¹ <1s <2s

<10% change <10% change

Temperature
<10% change
-10°C to +40°C

Humidity 90%
90% 90%
Not to exceed 90%
(non-condensing)

MIM001 Page 12
8. CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The circuit diagram is given at the end of the manual. The circuit operation is
as follows:
(a) Battery input stabilising circuit The line voltage of the monitor is
5.8 ± 0.2 volts and is set by the reference diode D4. Ic2 is the
comparator coupled to the series control TR1.
(b) HV Converter Transistor TR4 coupled to the transformer T1 forms
the flyback converter circuit. IC3 forms a gated oscillator to provide
the drive for TR3 and TR4. The output voltage is stabilised by
negative feedback via a resistive divider to a gate in IC3 which
controls the oscillator frequency. Adjustment to the divider and hence
the HV level is provided by R18. The waveform across the secondary
winding of T1 is half wave rectified to provide the detector voltage.
Voltage doubling is used for the scintillation monitors and detectors
operating above 600V.
(c) Input amplifier TR5 and TR6 from an amplifier with a gain
determined by feedback. It reverses the phase of the input pulse and
supplies a positive signal to a monostable circuit IC4b which
determines the paralysis time. The input requires negative pulses
exceeding 100 mV into approximately 3000 ohms.
(d) Ratemeter circuit Two analogue outputs from IC5 are combined to
give a signal nearly proportional to the log of the input pulse rate. This
output is applied to an operational amplifier IC6a which drives the
meter. The potentiometer R31 sets the meter scale and R34 the meter
zero.
(e) Audio output The speaker derives its power from IC7 which
produces a 300µs pulse when triggered by the monostable (IC4b).
This connection is switched at the front panel to suppress a pulse
output. A similar but unswitched connection from the comparator sets
off the timer to give the alarm.
(f) Comparator The comparator IC6b compares the potential on the set
alarm control with an output from the meter amplifier IC6a. If the latter
is greater the comparator trips and sets off the timer. A little hysteresis
is applied to smooth out the random nature of the input.
(g) Overload circuit Excess current drawn through the probe when in a
radiation flux exceeding many times the scale limit causes the
comparator formed by IC4d to trip thus maintaining the deflection of
the meter. The potentiometer R20 sets the limit when this occurs.

MIM001 Page 13
9. COMPONENTS LIST
Resistors (All resistors MFR4 unless otherwise stated.)
R1 330R R25 4K7
R2 27R R26 39K
R3 390R R27 22K
R4 47K R28 See table below
R5 6K8 R29 1M0
R6 82K R30 1M0
R7 22K R31 2K0 potentiometer
R8 4M7 R32 7K5
R9 100K R33 180R
R10 470R R34 100K potentiometer
R11 330K R35 180R
R12 68R R36 82K
R13 180R R37 10K
R14 10R R38 10K
R15 400M thick film R39 24K
R16 220K R40 10K
R17 1M8 R41 330K
R18 2M0 potentiometer R42 22K potentiometer
R19 See table below R43 4M7
R20 220K potentiometer R44 47K
R21 1M0 R45 47K
R22 1M0 MFR5 R46 10K
R23 3K3 R47 120K
R24 10K

Capacitors
C1 100nF ceramic C17 See table below
C2 47nF ceramic C18 See table below
C3 470µF electrolytic C19 See table below
C4 100nF ceramic C20 See table below
C5 22pF ceramic C21 100nF ceramic
C6 220pF polystyrene C22 4n7F ceramic
C7 4n7F ceramic C23 100nF ceramic
C8 6n8F ceramic 2kV C24 4n7F ceramic
C9 Not fitted C25 100nF ceramic
C10 Not fitted C26 2n2F polystyrene
C11 6n8F ceramic 2kV C27 100nF ceramic
C12 100nF ceramic C28 4n7F ceramic
C13 100µF electrolytic C29 100nF ceramic
C14 1n0F ceramic 2kV
C15 4n7F ceramic
C16 1n0F polystyrene

MIM001 Page 14
Diodes
IC1 LM317
D2 BZX83C9V1 IC2 7611DCPA
D3 IMO5120 IC3 HEF4001
D4 ICL8069 IC4 HEF4013
D5 IN4148 IC5 HEF4066
D6 IN4148 IC6 LM392N
D7 BY584 IC7 TLC555CP
D8 Not fitted
D9 Not fitted
D10-15 IN4148

Transistors
TR1 BC328 M1 500µA taut band
TR2 BC548B moving coil
TR3 BC558
TR4 BC639
TR5 BC548B
TR6 BC548B

Model dependent component values

E,EP15,S,SL (600) X
R19 100K 100K 100K
R28 120K 390K 120K

C17 polystyrene 4n7F 10nF 4n7F

C18 polystyrene 220nF 470nF 220nF
C19 electrolytic 4µ7F 4µ7F 10µF
C20 electrolytic 1µF 2µ2F 2µ2F

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