8

Technology Livelihood Education

Masonry
Module 2
Prepare Construction Materials and Tools
TLE- Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Week 1 – Module 2: Prepare Construction Materials and Tools

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Published by the Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City

Division Superintendent: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI

Development Team of the Module

Author/s: RUNALD P.COMPRADO
Reviewers:
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Jonie Mar D. Rebucas
Management Team
Chairperson: Jesnar Dems S. Torres, PhD, CESO VI
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairpersons: Conniebel C.Nistal ,PhD.

Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Pablito B. Altubar
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Members: Himaya B. Sinatao, EPS – LRMDS

Elvira A. Almonte, EPS - SPED
Imelda R. Fabe, PSDS
Narcisa Sabello, PSDS
Jay Michael A. Calipusan, PDO II
Mercy M. Caharian, Librarian II

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Division of Gingoog City
Office Address: Brgy. 23,National Highway,Gingoog City
Telefax: 088 328 0108/ 088328 0118
E-mail Address: [email protected]
 8
Technology Livelihood Education
Masonry
Module 2
Prepare Construction Materials and Tools
This page is intentionally blank
 Table of Contents
What This Learning Package is About…………………………………………………… i
What I Need to Know………………………………………………………………………. i
How to Learn from this Learning Package………………………………………………. i
Icons of this Learning Package…………………………………………………………… ii
………………………………………………………………………………

Module 3: Prepare construction materials and tools.

…………………………………….
Lesson 1……………………………………………………………
What I Need to Know……………………………………………………………… 1

What I know……………………………………………………………………… 1-2

What’s in…………………………………………………………………………… 3
What’s new?………………………………………………………………………... 3
What is it?………………………………………………………………. 3-12
What’s more?……………………………………………………………………… 12-14
What have learned? 15-16
What I can do?………………………………………………………….…… 16

Summary…………………………………………………………………... 17-18

Assessment………………………………………………………………………………... 19

Key Answer…… 20

Reference………………………………………………………………………... 21
This page is intentionally blank
What This Module Is About
Have you seen walls of beautiful buildings and monuments? How are they
made attractive and structurally durable? Those are just some works in masonry
Welcome to week 1 module 3 in Masonry. This module is all about the preparation of
construction materials and tools in Masonry.
This will lead the student to perform on how to prepare the different
construction materials and tools for the specific job/ task. It is one of the important competency
in Masonry to get a national certificate level I and II (NC I AND II) This competency covered
only one (1) learning outcome as shown below.

LO1- Prepare masonry materials and tools for the task.

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:
1. Prepare a list of masonry tools and materials for a specific job.

How to Learn from this Module

To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:

 Take your time reading the lessons carefully.

 Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
 Answer the pre-test honestly; the purpose of the pre-test is for you to determine your
prior knowledge before going through the lessons and activities.
 If you have hard time understanding the lessons and activities, please do take a break.
Having breaks between lessons and activities will give you some space where you can
absorb the lesson well.
 You can use the internet if you need more information about the lesson.

i.
Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that

Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

ii.
 Lesson
PREPARE CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
1 AND TOOLS ( UT )

Learning Outcome 1: Prepare Masonry materials and

tools for the task

What I Need to Know

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Prepare a list of masonry tools and materials for a specific job.

What I know

Pre-test; LO.1

ACTIVITY 1

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Use separate sheet of paper.

1. Which is the structural construction of component parts laid in and bound together by a
material called mortar?
A. Building Construction
B. Masonry
C. CHB
D. Stone

2. Which of the following is a masonry material?

A. brick B. granite C. glass block D. all of the above

3. Which requires that quality of masonry materials should be of general standards?

A. Association of Phil. Architectures ode
B. Association of Phil. Engineers
1
 C. 2003 International Building Code
D. 2003 International Baptist Code

4. What material reinforces the structure of masonry materials?

A. mortar
B. cement
C. steel
D. CHB
5. Which has a formal appearance of bond pattern?
A. rubble stone
B. combination ashlar
C. random ashlar
D. none of the above

6. What does CHB stand for?

A. cement, hall, block
B. code, housing, building
C. concrete hollow block
D. none of the above

7. How many classifications of masonry tools are there?

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. none of the above

8. Which is NOT a roughing up tool?

A. Crandall
B. cold chisel
C. patent hammer
D. claw hammer

9. Which is NOT a finishing tool?

A. bull float
B. carpet float
C. devil floating
D. none of the above

10. Which is NOT part of the group?

A. Brick trowel
B. Buttering trowel
C. edger
D. none of the above

2
 What’s In

We had learned our previous lesson about on how to conduct SWOT analysis and we
also learned the different products/services available in the market and to compare different
products and services in Masonry business, we had determined the profile potential
customers and we generate potential business idea based on the SWOT analysis. Through
all the learning we get from the topic we can use it to our new lesson about to prepare masonry
materials and tools for the task as one of the important works routine to provide a quality
product and services to the essential costumers.

What’s New

ACTIVITY 2

Give at least five (5) masonry materials and five (5) masonry tools base on what you know.

Masonry Materials Masonry Tools

1 1.
2 2.
3 3.
4 4.
5 5.

What is it

Read the Information below and understand what is all about:.

Information Sheet

MASONRY AND MATERIALS

Masonry is the structural construction of component parts laid in and bound together by a

material called mortar. These individual materials which are introduced in any structure for

various purposes and patterns may be tile, brick, granite, limestone, glass and concrete block,

stucco, marble, stone, and travertine. The production of masonry units should generally

conform to the requirements in the 2003 International Building Code (IBC) Section 2103. Aside

3
from mortar, assembling these units can be reinforced appropriately by steel (rebar) that offers

much strength to structures.

Stone Types and Varieties of Bond Pattern

Masonry stones are in various forms and set in different patterns depending on certain

considerations. Such stones chosen for various purposes have several varieties:

1. Ashlar - is a quarry cut to produce smooth, flat bedding surface that stack easily. It is

generally cut into small rectangles with sawed or dressed face.

2. Random ashlar - is an arrangement of stones where in various sizes are used to make

courses that are not continuous for the whole length of the wall.

. However, course ashlar has a formal appearance.

B.

C.

4
3. Rubble - is a stone that is irregular in size, shape and texture. Field stone is one type of

rubble.

a. Random rubble -is usually dry – laid but can also be mortared.

A.

b. Course rubble - has a neater appearance than random rubble but more difficult

to construct and requires a large selection of stones.

B.

C.

https://civilengineeringbible.com/article.php?i=135

5
BRICKS

There are three classifications of bricks

1. Common Bricks - are made from clay and sold at the market

2. Face Bricks - are used for exterior and interior walls and other architectural structures.

3. Calcium Silicate Bricks - are made with alumina and silica and are used for furnaces

and other structures that require higher temperature up to 178 o C.

Brick Laying and Patterns

Bricks are laid in horizontal or vertical layer with a string or nylon chord as guide. The

vertical layer of bricks is guided by a plumb line wherein the mortar having a thickness of 3 to

10 mm. is placed between layers.

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Types_of_brick_bonding

6
BLOCKS
There are many types of blocks which are most widely used as masonry materials.

1. The CHB (sometimes called as Concrete Hollow Block)

https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/production-concrete-blocks-put-together-
324179129

Is used for all the types of:

a. construction walls
b. partitions,
c. dividers,
d. fences, etc.

Generally, a block consists of an outside shell with a hollow center that

is divided by two or three vertical webs. The end unit may have flanges that
accept mortar and join with the other adjacent blocks (except blocks intended
for corners and the end of walls).

STEEL REINFORCEMENT FOR CONCRETE MASONRY

Reinforcement in concrete masonry walls increases strength and ductility, increases

resistance to applied loads, and in the case of horizontal reinforcement, also provides
increased resistance to shrinkage cracking.

7
 MATERIALS
Reinforcement used in masonry is principally reinforcing bars

https://ncma.org/resource/steel-reinforcement-for-concrete-masonry/

Sand is a granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles.

https://ph.images.search.yahoo.com/yhs/search;_ylt=Awrxgq87uABfvyIAYSHfSQx.;_ylu=X
3oDMTByYmJwODBkBGNvbG8Dc2czBHBvcwMxBHZ0aWQDBHNlYwNzYw--
?p=sand+in+masonry&fr=yhs-aztec-default&hspart=aztec&hsimp=yhs-default

Gravel is a loose aggregation of small, variously sized fragments of rock. It has a wide range
of applications in the construction industry

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Gravel_in_construction

8
Cement is a binder, a substance used. Cement is seldom used on its own, but rather to bind
sand and gravel (aggregate) together.

https://r.search.yahoo.com/_ylt=AwrwJTRmygBfoEoA5DdmIYpQ;_ylu=X3oDMTBtdXBkbHJy
BHNlYwNmcC1hdHRyaWIEc2xrA3J1cmw-
/RV=2/RE=1593916134/RO=11/RU=https%3a%2f%2ffanyv88.com%3a443%2fhttps%2fbusinesstodayng.com%2f2019-
cement-outlook-potential-remains-to-be-
tapped%2f/RK=2/RS=.E39LCC7SMAL0qgwxqxhaxBv3tI-

MASONRY TOOLS

Appropriate tools are adopted in masonry to suit the kind of work involved. It also
include common tools that are used in a different field of skill, measuring tools, testing tools,
and fastening tools.

Common hand tools

Pull-push rule. This flexible rule when extended will support itself, but may also be used to
measure curved, irregular surfaces.

Hacksaw is a tooth cutting tool usually with a solid and adjustable frame. The main parts
are handles, blade, tightening screw and nuts. The tool is mainly used in cutting metals like
plates, pipes, rods, bars, angular, etc
.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacksaw

9
Claw hammer is a tool consisting of a weighted "head" fixed to a long handle that is swung to
deliver an impact to a small area of an object. This can be, for example, to
drive nails into wood, to shape metal (as with a forge), or to crush rock. Hammers are used
for a wide range of driving, shaping, and breaking applications.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer

Plumb bob, or plummet, is a weight, usually with a pointed tip on the bottom, suspended
from a string and used as a vertical reference line, or plumb-line. It is a precursor to the spirit
level and used to establish a vertical or horizontal datum
.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumb_bob
Specific Tools use in Masonry

They are classified into two categories.

1. Surface finishing tools- tools used for smoothening, roughening, plastering, and
finishing surfaces with mortar or plaster

Finishing Trowel

10
 2. Roughing up tools
Those tools necessary in the process of preparing, arranging, forming, laying, and
shaping of bricks, stones, and masonry blocks. Tools of this type of work are mostly striking
tools such as:

1. Masons Axe or Hammer 6. Cold Chisel

2. Patent Hammer 7. Star Drill
3. Brick Hammer 8. Bolster
4. Crandall 9. Wrecking Baron
5.Cross Pen Hammer

Surface Finishing Tools Classifications

1. Float - A concrete float is a tool used to finish a concrete surface by making it smooth.
A float is used after the surface has been made level using a screed. In addition to
removing surface imperfections, floating will compact the concrete as preparation for
further steps
.
 Floats Classification:

1. Common Float 4. Devil or Nail Floating

2. Bull Float 5. Angle Floating
3. Carpet Float

2. Trowels- trowel is a small hand tool used for digging, applying, smoothing, or
moving small amounts of viscous or particulate material.

 Different Kinds of Trowel

1. Ordinary Trowel
2. Pointing Trowel
3. Brick Trowel
4. Buttering Trowel
5. Edger
6. Margin Trowel

11
 https://ph.images.search.yahoo.com

What”s More

ACTIVITY 1

Self-Check 1.1

A. Briefly answer the following questions:

1. Give a brief description of the following:

a. Roughing up tools
b. CHB
c. Trowels
d. Cement
e. Sand
f. Gravel

2. Give at least 3 example of masonry tools each classification.

Float Trowel
1. 1.
2. 2.
3. 3.

ACTIVITY 2
B. Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if incorrect. Write your answer on
the blanks provided.

___________ 1. Masonry is the structural construction of component parts laid in and bound

together by a material called as mortar

12
___________2. Finishing tools are those tools necessary in the process of preparing,

arranging, forming, laying and shaping of bricks, stones and masonry blocks

___________3. Block is short term for Concrete Hollow Block; it consists of an outside shell

with a hollow center that is divided into two or three vertical webs

___________ 4.Bricks is not belong to the masonry materials.

___________5. Steel is not a material used to reinforces the structure of masonry

___________6. One of the example of roughing tools is the finishing trowel.

___________ 7. Cement is the materials use in masonry construction that sets, hardens, and

adheres to other materials to bind them together

___________ 8. Claw hammer is one of the common tools use in the different field of skill.

___________ 9. Plumb bob, or plummet, is used as a vertical reference line, or plumb-line

___________10. Sand and gravel are the materials in masonry

13
Activity 5

Directions: Match the word in column A to the picture choices of column B. Write the letter
only in separate sheet of paper.

Column A Column B

1. Pull/Push rule A.

2. Pointed Trowel B.

3. Wooden Float C.

4. Plumb Bob D.

5. Cement E.

6. Gravel F.

7. Concrete Hollow Block G.

8. Sand H.

9. Steel I

10. Bricks J.

14
 What I have learned

ACTIVITY 1

A. Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What do you call a masonry material that used to reinforces the structure.

a. Cement
b. Steel
c. Gravel
d. None of the above

2. In construction of different structure, what do you call the material that consists of an
outside shell with a hollow center that is divided by two or three vertical webs.

a. Bricks
b. Blocks
c. Cement
d. gravel

3. A common tools that use in a different field of skill that has flexible rule when extended will
support itself, but may also be used to measure curved, irregular surfaces.

a. Try square
b. Pull/Push rule
c. plumb bob
d. All of the above

4. Which of the following statements is not correct?

CHB is used for all the types of :

a. construction walls
b. partitions
c. dividers
d. concrete beam
5. Which of the following is the example of roughing up tools

a. pointed trowel
b. finishing trowel
c. mason axe or hammer
d. None of the above

B. Answer briefly:

1. Why do you need to prepare materials and tools in masonry for the specific task ?
2. If you have a plan to lay concrete hollow blocks / bricks, what is the first thing to do
before you start?

What I can do

ACTIVITY 1

Instruction: Based of what you have learned, write at least five (5) specific tools and materials
in the table needed in the task given below.

Making of concrete fence Making of concrete hollow blocks

Tools Materials Tools Materials

1. 1. 1. 1.

2. 2. 2. 2.

3. 3. 3. 3.

4. 4. 4. 4.

5. 5. 5. 5.
SUMMARY
MASONRY AND MATERIALS

 Stone Types and Varieties of Bond Pattern

1. Ashlar is a quarry cut to produce smooth, flat bedding surface that stack

easily

2. Random ashlar is an arrangement of stones where in various sizes are

used to make courses that are not continuous for the whole length of the

wall.

3. Rubble is a stone that is irregular in size, shape and texture.

 BRICKS

1. Common Brick

2. Face Brick

3. Calcium Silicate Bricks

 Brick Laying and Patterns

1. Running

2. English

3. Common

4. Dutch

5. Garden Wall

6. Flemish

 BLOCKS. There are many types of blocks which are most widely used as

masonry materials

MASONRY TOOLS
1. Roughing up Tools
2. Surface finishing tools

 Surface Finishing Tools Classifications

1. Float
2. Trowels
 Floats Classification

1. Common Float

2. Bull Float

3. Carpet Float

4. Devil or Nail Floating

5. Angle Floating

 Different Kinds of Trowel

1. Ordinary Trowel

2. Pointing Trowel

3. Brick Trowel

4. Buttering Trowel

5. Edger

6. Margin
 Assessment: (Post-Test)

Assessment-(Post-Test)

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Use separate sheet of paper.

1. Which is NOT part of the group?

A. Brick trowel B. Buttering trowel C. edger D. none of the above
2. Which is NOT a finishing tool?
A. bull float B. carpet float C. devil floating D. none of the above
3. What does CHB stand for?
A. cement, hall, block
B. code, housing, building
C. concrete hollow block
D. none of the above
4. How many classifications of masonry tools are there?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. none of the above
5. Which is NOT a roughing up tool?
A. Crandall B. cold chisel C. patent hammer D. claw hammer
6. Which requires that quality of masonry materials should be of general standards?
A. Association of Phil. Architectures ode
B. Association of Phil. Engineers
C. 2003 International Building Code
D.2003 International Baptist Code
7. Which of the following is a masonry material?
A. brick B. granite C. glass block D. all of the above
8. Which is the structural construction of component parts laid in and bound together by a
material called mortar?
A. Building Construction B. Masonry C. CHB D. Stone
9. What material reinforces the structure of masonry materials?
A. mortar B. cement C. steel D. CHB
10. Which has a formal appearance of bond pattern?
A. rubble stone
B. combination ashlar
C. random ashlar
D. none of the above
Activity 2. True or False
1. T 6.F
2. F 7.T
3. T 8.T
4. F 9.T
5. F 10.T
POST TEST PRE TEST
1.d 1.b
2.d 2.d
3.c 3.c
4.d 4.c
5.d 5.d
6.c 6.c
7.d 7.d
8.b 8.d Lesson 1
9.c 9.d
10.d 10.d
Key to Answers
References
LO 1
Curriculum Guide of MASONRY Exploratory
https.www.slideshare.net/kenjoyb/k-to-12-MASONRY-learning-module
https://en.m.wikipedia.org.
https://ph.images.search.yahoo.com
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plumb_bob
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/production-concrete-blocks-put-together-324179129
2f/RK=2/RS=.E39LCC7SMAL0qgwxqxhaxBv3tI-
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Gravel_in_construction
https:// https://ncma.org/resource/steel-reinforcement-for-concrete-
masonry/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hacksaw
https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Types_of_brick_bonding
https://civilengineeringbible.com/article.php?i=135

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education — Division of Gingoog City
Brgy. 23, National Highway, Gingoog City
Telefax: 088-328-0108 / 088328-0118
E-mail Address: [email protected]