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8. Environmental Engineering

Basics of ecosystem, water supply scheme; Sources of water; Conveyance of water –

pipes, joints and laying; Testing of water, drinking water standards; Treatment of water;
Distribution of water; Water supply connection to a building.
Quantity of sewage, surface drains, design of sewers running half full, limiting velocities;
Laying of sewers, sewer appurtenances; Collection of sewage samples, characteristics of
domestic and industrial sewage – BOD, COD; Sewage treatment, septic tank & soak pit,
sewage disposal - dilution and sewage farming; House drainage arrangements in
buildings; Solid waste - collection and disposal; Air Pollution - sources, effects and
controlling methods.

9. Transportation Engineering

Alignment of roads - plain and hilly terrain, surveys; Cross section of road structure, width of
pavement, Camber, Gradient, Super elevation, Transition curves, horizontal and vertical
alignment; Pavement marking, traffic signs, traffic islands.
Types of soil, classification of soil - Textural, IS Classification, physical properties -
plasticity, cohesion, consolidation, compaction, permeability, compressibility, soil moisture
content, specific gravity, density; Bearing capacity of soil.

PAPER-II: MECHANICAL ENGINEERING (DIPLOMA LEVEL)

1. Thermal Engineering:

Thermodynamics: Thermodynamic systems and properties – Zeroth law of thermodynamics -

First law of thermodynamics – Second law of thermodynamics – Steady flow energy equation -
Laws of perfect gases – Characteristics gas equation – Universal gas equation. Thermodynamic
processes – Entropy – Air stand cycles – Carnot cycle – Otto cycle – Diesel cycle. Properties of
steam - Sensible heat - Latent heat – Degree of super heat - Dryness fraction - Simple
calculations on enthalpy of steam without using steam tables and Mollier chart. Refrigeration
and Air conditioning – Fundamentals of refrigeration - Definition and meaning of
refrigeration – Unit of refrigeration – COP – Carnot Refrigeration cycle and Bell column
refrigeration cycle. Fuels – Types of fuels – Calorific values – Bomb calorimeter and Junker gas
calorimeter.

Heat Engines: Internal Combustion Engines – Components of IC engines - Working principle –

Valve and Port timing diagrams - Working of simple carburetor - Cooling system - Ignition
system - Governing and Super charging of IC engines. Air compressors – Type of
compressors – Single stage compressor – Multi stage Compressor - Rotary compressors. Gas
turbines – Classification – Working of Constant Pressure (Open, closed and Semi closed) gas
turbines - Applications and limitations of gas turbines. Steam Boilers – Classification – Working
and differences between fire tube and water tube boilers - Mountings and Accessories –
Performance of Boiler. Steam nozzles &Turbines – Flow through steam nozzles – Velocity and
discharge through steam nozzles – Critical pressure ratio - Classification of turbines - Working
principle of impulse and reaction turbines - Expression for Axial thrust, Tangential thrust,
Work done and efficiencies – Methods of compounding – Governing of turbines.
Automobile Engineering: Identify of the various components of an Automobile - Functions of
basic structure, power plant, transmission system, auxiliaries, Control of the Automobile -
Concept of total resistance.

2. Manufacturing Technology:

Methods of manufacturing processes: Foundry - Mechanical working of metals - Powder

metallurgy - Welding, soldering and brazing - Lathe and Lathe work - Drilling machines –
Shaper, Slotter and Planer – Broaching Machines - Milling and Grinding machines - Modern
machining processes - USM, AJM, EDM and LBM Processes - Plastics and Plastic processing -
Press tools - Jigs and Fixtures. Metrology: Linear and Angular measurements – Comparators -
Measurement of surface roughness - Collimators - Interferometer.
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3. Engineering Mechanics & Strength of Materials:

Statics: Scalar and Vector quantities - Force - System of forces – Composition and resolution of
forces - Resultant of forces – Parallelogram law of forces – Moment of a force – Law of
moments – Varignon’s principle – Parallel forces and their resultant - Couples and moment of a
couple - Equilibrium and equilibriant – Conditions for equilibrium - Triangle and Polygon law of
forces - Lami’s theorem. Friction - Simple machines - Centre of gravity - Moment of Inertia.

Dynamics: Linear Motion – Motion under gravity - Newton's laws of motions –Impulse - Law of
Conservation of momentum and Recoil of gun – Work, Power and Energy – Circular motion –
Centripetal force – Motion of a vehicle on level circular track – Super elevation - Simple
Harmonic motion – Applications of SHM.

Strength of Materials: Simple stresses and strains – Stress and strain diagram - Hooke's law
– Elastic constants - Poisson's ratio - Relationship between elastic constants - Temperature
stresses - Strain energy - Shear force and bending moment diagrams – Type of beams - Types
of loads -SF and BM diagrams with Point load and uniformly distributed loads for Cantilever and
Simply supported beam - Theory of simple bending – Bending equation - Bending stress -
Modulus of section – Deflection and slope of Cantilever and simple supported beam with Point
load and uniformly distributed load - Torsion of shafts - Springs - Thin cylindrical shells.

4. Machine Design:

Design factors - Factor of safety - Limits, tolerances and fits – Conventional symbols of
Materials and machine components - Welding symbols - Surface roughness values and
symbols - Specifications of materials and standard components - Bolts, Nuts and screws -
Shafts, keys and couplings - Belt, chain and Gear drives – Cams - Fly wheel – Governors.

5. Engineering Materials:

Mechanical properties of engineering materials - Testing and structure of materials - Production

of iron and steel – Iron/carbon equilibrium diagram - Heat treatment of steels - Ferrous and non
ferrous metals and their alloys.

6. Hydraulics and Hydraulics Machinery:

Hydraulics: Properties of fluids - Fluid pressure and its measurement - Types of fluid flow –
Reynolds’s Number – Equation of Continuity - Energy of fluids - Bernoulli’s theorem –
Venturimeter - Pitot tube – Hydraulic Co-efficients. Flow through pipes: Concept of loss of head
in pipes due to friction - Darcy’s and Chezy’s formulae - Hydraulic gradient line and total energy
line - Power transmission through a pipe – Syphon – Transmission efficiency - Condition for
max. power transmission through a pipe.

Hydraulics Machines: Impact of jets - Water turbines: Classification of turbines - Pelton wheel -
Francis turbine - Kaplan turbine – Expressions for Work, Power, and Efficiencies of Pelton
wheel, Francis Turbine and Kaplan Turbine - Differences between turbines - Governing of
turbines. - Hydro electric power plant and its Lay out. Pumps: Classification of pumps -
Construction and working of Reciprocating single acting/double acting pumps – Expressions for
discharge, slip, Work and Power – Air vessel. Centrifugal pumps: Construction and working of
Centrifugal pumps - Expression for Work, Power, Manometric head and Efficiencies –
Differences between Pumps – Priming - Foot Valve and strainer – Cavitation.

7. Industrial Engineering and Management:

Management: Principles and functions of management - Organization structure and

organizational behavior – Production Management - Material management - Marketing and
sales.

Industrial Engineering: Work study - Wages and incentives - Fundamentals of estimation –

Depreciation - Elements of Costing.