Emerging Technologies

TECH4101
Week 9
Dr. Maimoona Al Abri
Week 9
 Emerging Technology?

It refers to technologies that are currently developing, or that are

expected to be available within the next five to ten years, and is usually
reserved for technologies that are creating, or are expected to create,
significant social or economic effects.
Emerging Technology?
How our children will
be prepared to engage
in a world alongside
smart machines.
 Emerging Technologies & Practices 6

0
01 AI /Machine Learning/ Adaptive Learning technologies
deep learning 5

0 XR (AR/VR/) Technologies & 0 Personalized Learning

2 6
3D Printing

0 Robotics
0 Internet of Things
3 7

0 Cloud Computing
0 Big data &
Learning Analytics tools
4 8
 Artificial Intelligence (AI) 7

❖ Idea of building machines which

are capable of thinking like
humans.

❖ AI is used as part of
educational services and as
part of curriculum design

https://www.bernardmarr.com/default.asp?contentID=963
 Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education 8

Impact

❖ To simplify human effort

❖ To help us make better decisions and improve the
performance in different aspects.
❖ It is used by human instructors for providing feedback
on student work
❖ Helping with other “virtual teaching assistant”
applications.
❖ Have applications for refining language translation
❖ Improving access for students with visual or hearing
impairments.

❖ Measure student performance metrics and generate

customized, adaptive learning pathways so that each
student receives an instructional experience tailored to
their needs.
 How Does Artificial Intelligence (AI) Work? 9

Advani, (2021). Available at: https://www.mygreatlearning.com/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/

 How Does Artificial Intelligence (AI) Work? 10

❖ Deep Learning: teaches a machine to process inputs through layers in order to classify, infer and predict the
outcome.
❖ Natural language processing is the application of computational linguistics to build real-world applications
.We are trying to teach the computer to learn languages, and then also expect it to understand it, with suitable
efficient algorithms. (Grammarly)
❖ ML: teaches a machine how to make inferences and decisions based on experience. It identifies patterns,
analyses past data to infer the meaning of these data points to reach a possible conclusion without having to
involve human experience. (Siri)
❖ Neural Networks: work on the similar principles as of Human Neural cells. They are a series of algorithms
that captures the relationship between various underlying variables and processes the data as a human brain
does.
❖ Computer vision: algorithms tries to understand an image by breaking down an image and studying different
parts of the objects. This helps the machine classify and learn from a set of images, to make a better output
decision based on previous observations.
❖ Cognitive computing: algorithms try to mimic a human brain by analyzing text/speech/images/objects in a
manner that a human does and tries to give the desired output.
AI - Machine Learning –Deep Learning
11
 The relationship between AI, ML, and DL 12

Advani, (2021). Available at: https://www.mygreatlearning.com/blog/what-is-artificial-intelligence/

 13

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HcqpanDadyQ&list=RDC
MUCJS9pqu9BzkAMNTmzNMNhvg&index=2
 Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education 14

❖ Utilizing AI in Higher Education to Humanize Teaching

1. Using AI for ideation

Using Eureka!, a tool built at Penn State, educators can start with a search for a
concept. Eureka! returns results, and educators select the results that best
reflect the ideas they want to highlight within that concept. This teaches Eureka!
to refine its original definition of the idea, leading to streamlined results and more
relevant information for the instructor.

Nazerian, T. (2018). Robots won’t replace instructors. Instead, they’ll help them be ‘more human.’Edsurge. Retrieved from:
https://www.edsurge.com/news/2018-11-01-robots-won-t-replace-instructors-2-penn-state-educators-argue-instead-they-ll-help-them-be-more-huma
n
 Utilizing AI in Higher Education to Humanize Teaching 15

2. Using AI for Design

❖ AI also plays a role in the way instructors

deliver information to students. Another
Penn State-created tool, BbookX, uses
algorithms to return open educational
resources that instructors can turn into
open-source textbooks for students.
❖ BbookX can help instructors gather basic
background materials for students, and the
tool also can be used to personalize
learning materials for students.
 Utilizing AI in Higher Education to Humanize Teaching
16

3. Using AI for Assessment

To that end, Sparrow and Bowen’s team

built Inquizitive, a quiz engine tool that
uses text, such as textbook paragraphs
supplied by an instructor, to help build “If I could just teach
assessments. Inquizitive takes that without having to grade, it
supplied text and identifies key concepts, would be an ideal world,”
Sparrow joked.
words, and phrases with which to construct
an assessment.
 Applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Education 17

The Alexa Education Skills

❖ Alexa Education Skills API: Amazon wants to give developers the ability to integrate Alexa skills
into their education technology services.

❖ The Alexa Education Skill API enables students 13 and older to ask Alexa questions about their
homework assignments and allows parents to check in with teachers about their child's grades
and behaviors in school using Alexa devices.
 18
How an Alexa Skills Works?

Developers will be able to incorporate Alexa skills into their learning management systems,
student information systems, classroom management tools and massively open online
course platforms. Students and parents will be able to retrieve information from multiple skills at
the same time by only making one request.
 19

The Alexa Education Skills API: Key Features of Education Skills

Coursework Information School Communication

Grades
 2
0
The Alexa Education Skills API: Key Features of Education Skills
 AI and Machine Learning in Practice 21

A Chatbot Examples

❖ Conversational piece of software powered ❖ Northwestern University’s

by pre-programmed responses or artificial chatbot is integrated into its
intelligence to answer questions without LMS to answer frequent and
the need of a human operator. routine questions often posed
❖ A chatbot can only effectively help by students and faculty
someone if it correctly recognizes the
user’s intentions.

❖ Interactive agent, virtual assistant, and

conversational interface
22
 AI and Machine Learning in Practice 23

A Robust Machine Learning Technique to Predict

Low-performing Students

Penn State University: is leveraging ML

algorithms to predict a student’s grade
performance—even before courses
begin. Using more than 8.5 million records
culled from 2005 through 2016, the
university developed a model to leverage
data from the SIS, including transcript data
and information found on admission
applications. This predictive algorithm
assists university administration in
identifying students who might present with
higher-than-average academic risks,
allowing intervention strategies to be
developed in advance.

Liao, S.N., Zingaro, D., Thai, T., Alvarado,CH., Griswold, W.G., & and Porter, L. 2019. A Robust machine learning technique to predict low-performing students. ACM Trans. Comput. Educ. 19,
3, Article 18 (January 2019), 19 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3277569
 ML and Deep Learning in Practice 2
4

Deep Learning

❖ The cutting-edge area of artificial intelligence

❖ Imitates the workings of the human brain in
processing data and creating patterns for use
in decision making
❖ Able to learn without human supervision,
drawing from data that is both unstructured
and unlabeled.
❖ Virtual assistants, recognizing speech,
translating languages, and making decisions.
 How Does Deep Learning Work? 2
5

❖ Deep learning has brought about an explosion of

data in all forms and from every region of the
world. This data, known simply as big data, is
drawn from sources like social media, internet
search engines, e-commerce platforms, ….ect
❖ This enormous amount of data is readily
accessible and can be shared through cloud
computing.
 Applications of ML and Deep Learning in Practices 2
6
Microsoft Translator

❖ A public school district in North Carolina is using Microsoft Translator to improve language options for
parents and students.
 27

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lVpmw91bzNo
 2
8

Deep learning Boosts Google Translate tool

❖ Language processing: Google

Assistant speech recognition AI uses
deep learning to understand spoken
commands and questions.
 2
9

Deep Learning for YouTube Recommendation

•YouTube: provide better video

recommendations on YouTube, by studying
viewers’ habits and preferences as they
stream content, and working out what
would keep them tuned in. Google already
knew from the data that suggesting videos
that viewers might want to watch next
would keep them
 3
Next-Generation Digital Learning Environment 0

(NGDLE)

❖ Is it possible to have the best of both a networked learning

environment and an adaptive learning model implemented
in the same system?

❖ Is it possible to integrate external learning tools to your

organization’s LMS with only one sing in?
 31
Next-Generation Digital Learning Environment

https://www.imsglobal.org/agility.html
 32
Examples of NGDLE

❖ The University of Wisconsin has adopted Blackboard Collaborate Ultra as its

total learning architecture (TLA) in tandem with the Canvas LMS.

Learning Tools Interoperability. Retrieved from:

http://www.imsglobal.org/activity/learning-tools-interoperability#:~:text=The%20IMS%20Learning%20Tools%20Interoperability,and%20without%20the%20need%20for
 33
Examples of NGDLE

https://mymasonportal.gmu.edu/ultra/course
 3
Learning Analytics 4

Why do people keep talking about ‘Big Data’?

 3
Learning Analytics 5

Learning analytics

❖ Learning analytics is about

collecting traces that
learners leave behind and
using those traces to
improve learning.
 3
6

What is the most common use of learning analytics?

Learning Analytics Levels (Gartner, 2013)

 37
Learning Analytics in Practice
 3
Learning Analytics in Practice 8

Combining Machine and Human Intelligences for Interventions

❖ University of Maryland: implemented a predictive analytics

pilot “nudge” campaign using Blackboard Predict, enhancing
the ability to support students through tutoring or advising.
 3
Adaptive Learning Technologies 9

Technology alone does not produce improved learning outcomes

Adaptive Learning Technologies

❖ Adaptive learning is one technique

for providing personalized learning,
which aims to provide efficient,
effective, and customized learning
paths to engage each student.
❖ Adaptive learning systems use
a data-driven and, in some cases,
nonlinear approach to instruction
and remediation.
 Adaptive Learning Technologies 4
0

❖ Adaptive learning is where

teaching methods and materials
change to match each student’s
pace.
❖ Students can be set challenges
through apps and websites and
they can work at their own pace

ACCELTY. Rederived from:

https://go.accelitymarketing.com/blog/4-best-adaptive-lear
ning-technologies-enhancing-student-learning
 Adaptive Learning Technologies 41

Evidence:
❖ 21% in English
❖ 7% in math.

From: https://scootpad.com/
 4
Personalized Learning (PL) 2

Personalized Learning

❖ Hyper-personalization concept which

is enabled through machine learning,
the AI technology is incorporated to:
❖ design a customized learning
profile for each individual student
and to tailor-make their training
materials, taking into consideration
the mode of learning preferred by
the student, the student's ability
and experience on an individual
basis.

From: https://www.analyticssteps.com/blogs/4-major-applications-artificial-intelligence-education-sector
 4
Personalized Learning (PL) 3

Personalized Learning

❖  ”An educational approach that aims to

customize learning for each student’s
strengths, needs, skills and interests.”
(Besa, 2020.

Besa. (2020). How can technology support personalized learning. Retrieved from:
https://www.texthelp.com/resources/blog/supporting-personalised-learning-using-technology/
 Cloud Computing in Practice 4
4

Cloud Computing

❖ Cloud computing services cover a vast range of

options now, from the basics of storage,
networking, and processing power through to
natural language processing and artificial
intelligence . Many service that doesn't require
you to be physically close to the computer
hardware that you are using can now be delivered
via the cloud.

Wikipedia
 Cloud Computing in Practice 4
5

Cloud computing in Education

❖ students, teachers and

administrators alike.
❖ allows students access to
homework wherever there's an
internet connection,
❖ teachers to instantly upload
learning materials and
❖ administrators to easily
collaborate with one another and
save money on data storage.
Cloud Computing in Practice 4
6
 Cloud Computing in Practice 4
7

Microsoft

❖ Office 365 is the cloud-based subscription

version of Microsoft Office, which includes
apps like Microsoft Word, PowerPoint and
Excel. Instead of downloading software to
your hard drive, you set up an Office 365
account and save all of your Office
documents to the cloud for easy access. 
❖ Office 365 Education has apps from the
standard version, plus additional classroom
tools. Another bonus—Office 365 Education
is free for students and educators (it starts
at $70 per year for everyone else).
 
 Robotics in Practice 4
8

Robotics

❖ An interdisciplinary branch of subject that within the next ten years:

deals with robot-related science and ❖ teaching robots will be able to read
technology and its application and covers children’s facial expressions, and maybe
artificial intelligence, automation, sensors even their brains, to analyze and adapt to
mechanical engineering, electrical how their learning is proceeding.
engineering, computer science and others ❖ AI tutors and robots will be with students
(Cai, 2011). during all the years that they are in
school.
❖ robots will get to know the students very
well, better enabling them to provide
inspiration, motivation, and personalized
learning.
 4
Internet of Things (IOT) in Practice 9

Internet of Things

❖ Extension of internet connectivity into physical

devices and everyday objects. Embedded with
electronics, internet connectivity, and other forms
of hardware (such as sensors), these devices can
communicate and interact with others over the
internet, and can be remotely monitored and
controlled.

❖ The major part of this technology is its ability to

transfer information over a network without any
human or computer interaction.

❖ IoT is increasing and evolving everyday with

better ideas because of new advancements in
technologies and concepts like smart homes
https://intl.siyavula.com/read/cat/grade-11-cat/internet-and-the-world-wid
e-web/11-internet-and-the-world-wide-web?id=sec11-4
 5
Internet of Things (IOT) in Practice 0

SCANMARKER

❖ Users can quickly scan editable

text from books, papers and
other documents directly into a
phone, tablet or computer. That
text is then translatable into
more than 40 languages.
There’s even a function that
allows you to listen while you
scan.
❖ Reading and listening to text
while you scan it is an excellent
way to study quickly while also
better absorbing the information
for exams.
 Extended Reality (XR) Technologies: VR, AR, 3D Printing 51

Extended Reality Manifestation

❖ a comprehensive term for the environments ❖ AR overlays physical objects and places
that either blend the physical with the virtual with virtual content. AR often requires only
or provide fully immersive virtual a smartphone
❖ VR is typically a more immersive
experiences.
experience, involving manipulations of
❖ The two most common technologies are and interactions with virtual objects within
augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality an entirely virtual environment (Most
(VR). commonly the immersive experiences are
❖ XR is holography, by which an object is delivered by means of a headset
❖ MR combines both digital and real-world
imaged as a three-dimensional
objects and enables real-time interaction.
representation instead of a two-dimensional users to wear an MR headset, such as
image. Microsoft’s HoloLens. to solve problems,
improve businesses, and support initiatives.
 Extended Reality (XR) Technologies: VR, AR, MR 5
2

Archana Modawal . (2019). Retrieved from: https://www.softwebsolutions.com/resources/best-practices-for-extended-reality.html

Extended Reality (XR) Technologies: VR, AR, MR 5
3

XR: Examples of 360-180 Video

 Extended Reality (XR) Technologies: VR, AR, MR 5
4

XR: Examples of 360-180 Video

❖ The University of Waterloo created a

360 VR field trip as an equivalent for
students unable to participate in a
real-world 1.5-kilometer hike over
uneven terrain
 Example: Mixed reality (MR) 5
5

Microsoft's HoloLens

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIHPPtPBgHk
 Example: Mixed reality (MR) 5
6

Hologram

In the classroom In the field of education, the hologram is

❖ One of the most exciting application of very important. The reason is that
holograms is to the improvement of students can actually view the concepts
the educational experience. In order to that are taught and visualize them during
engage students more fully, interactive digital class. This will help them to clarify the
lessons will be used in schools. This concepts in a better manner and will
enhance the way students learn
combination of digital and real-world
information is known as mixed reality.
❖ Complex subjects can be taught using
holographic images that students can interact
with and examine. For example, pupils can
virtually explore the ruins of ancient building
during history lessons, or observe individual
atomic particles and how they behave.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uIHPPtPBgHk
 3D-Printing 57

The 5 Major Benefits of 3D Printing in Education

❖ Creates Excitement
❖ Complements the Curriculum
❖ Gives Access to Knowledge Previously Unavailable
❖ Opens New Possibilities for Learning
❖ Promotes problem-solving skills

https://www.makerbot.com/stories/3d-printing-education/5-benefits-of-3d-printing/#:~:text=Here%20are%20just%2
0a%20few,topography%2C%20demographic%2C%20or%20population%20maps
 3D-Printing 5
8

A 3D printer works by “printing”

objects–but instead of using ink, it
uses more substantive
materials–plastics, metal, rubber,
and the like. It scans an object–or
takes an existing scan of an
object–and slices it into layers it
can then convert into a physical
object.

https://www.makerbot.com/stories/3d-printing-education/5-benefits-of-3d-printing/#:~:text=Here%20are%20just%2
0a%20few,topography%2C%20demographic%2C%20or%20population%20maps
Challenges and Opportunities

❖ The Fourth Industrial Revolution has the potential to raise global income levels and improve
the quality of life for populations around the world (EDUCAUSE, 2020).
❖ New technologies increase automation, while creating entirely new products, industries or
platforms, which will result in many workers displaced from work, while being unprepared for
the new economy (Scepanović, 2019)
❖ The greatest challenge for universities in a rapidly evolving social and economic environment
is how to provide knowledge and skills that will serve students for long-term for jobs that we
cannot yet even imagine (Scepanović, 2019).
Key Trends Driving the Adoption of Emerging Technology in Education

❖ Rethinking how schools work. A focused movement to reinvent the traditional classroom
paradigm.
❖ A shift to deeper learning approaches. Combining the skills of standardized testing with soft
skills such as communication, collaboration and self-directed learning.
❖ Increasing collaborative learning approaches.
❖ Shift from students as consumers to creators.
❖ Increasing use of Blended Learning
❖ The rise of STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics) curriculum.

NMC Horizon Report (2020)

 A Call To Action
❖ Individual must be trained to have ‘learning agility’, the ability to learn, apply and adapt, in quick
cycles throughout their entire life.
❖ today’s students will be practicing mostly micro jobs.
❖ individuals should be prepared to have 10 or 12 different careers during their working lives and
to have, at the same time, multiple jobs
❖ increasing the STEM-literacy of the population is very important, but teaching these subjects as
disconnected from social sciences and humanities, focusing on theory over application and
experiential learning will not meet the needs of the 4IR.
❖ students have to learn and understand how different knowledge can be correlated and applied
to create “something” in the real world

StudyMalaysia. (2020)
 In discussion forum, answer the
following questions:
In your opinion, what technology holds
the most promise to positively impact
teaching and learning over the next 3
years?

1 Machine Learning
5 Artificial Intelligent

2 Social Media 6 3-D Printing

3 Learning Analytics
7 Assistive Technology

4 Virtual Reality
8 Adaptive learning
THANK YOU