Scribd
Upload
60 views

Lab (Feed Formulation)

The student formulated a complete feed for pigs using various ingredients like maize bran, soybean meal, and sunflower cake. The key steps involved measuring ingredients accurately, mixing them using the quartering and coning methods, and testing the finished feed to verify the nutrient content matches the formulated levels. Formulating feed properly ensures each granule contains balanced nutrients to meet the animal's requirements for growth and productivity in a cost-effective manner.

Uploaded by

Izukanji Kayora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
60 views

Lab (Feed Formulation)

The student formulated a complete feed for pigs using various ingredients like maize bran, soybean meal, and sunflower cake. The key steps involved measuring ingredients accurately, mixing them using the quartering and coning methods, and testing the finished feed to verify the nutrient content matches the formulated levels. Formulating feed properly ensures each granule contains balanced nutrients to meet the animal's requirements for growth and productivity in a cost-effective manner.

Uploaded by

Izukanji Kayora
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

MULUNGUSHI UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES.

NAME: IZUKANJI KAYOFRA

STUDENT NUMBER: 201901182

PROGRAMME: BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE

YEAR: 3

COURSE CODE: ANS 332

INSTRUCTOR: MR SIMANGANDU
FEED FORMULATION
Ration formulation involves the mixing of feedstuffs or feed ingredients to form a
complete feed which provides the necessary nutrients required by the animal. A balanced
ration is one which provides an animal the proper amounts and proportions of all the
required nutrients for maintaining body processes, for growth and for the production of
products, such as milk and eggs(Kaushik, 2000)
Feed formulation necessitates a thorough understanding of animal nutrition, particularly
nutrient requirements and ingredient nutrient composition. It is also necessary for
nutritionists to understand whether using specific proportions of some ingredients will
affect issues such as feed flow through the mill, pellet quality of the diet, diet response to
feed additives, or animal gut health. Considerations such as the color, smell, and particle
size of the feed are viewed as important by feed buyers in some parts of the world,
despite the fact that these factors may have little influence on the nutritional quality of the
feed(Hadgu, 2016). Before one can engage in the formation of feed a formula is required
which includes ration formulation which is selecting and allocating feed ingredients in
such a way that the ration's cost is kept low while sufficient nutrients are delivered to the
animal for its upkeep and targeted output level(Brachet et al., 2015).

MATERIALS

 Methionine
 Shovels
 Hard surface for mixing the feed ingredients
 Empty bags
 Vitamin pre-mixture
 Sunflower cake
 Maize bran
 Soy bean meal
 Limestone
 Lysine
 Di-Calcium Phosphate (DCP).
 Digital scale
 Bulk scale
 Sodium chloride
PROCEDURE
STEP 1: MEASUREMENT OF THE INGREDIENTS
The components were first measured out according to the formula. Ingredients in large
quantities are measured on a Bulk scale, while those in small quantities are measured on a
smaller computerized electric balance. This is done to ensure that measurements are exact
to the decimal point.
STEP 2: COMBINING THE INGREDIENTS
This was done on a concrete surface that was flat. The quartering method entails dividing
samples into four equal portions, mixing them in opposing quarters, flattening them, and
mixing them again.
This was done for the substances that were only needed in modest quantities. DCP, salt,
limestone, pig premix, and lysine were among them. Before being combined with the
main ingredients, these ingredients were blended separately. The coning method is
mostly advised to use as compared to the quartering. Coning is the piling of materials on
top of one another and shifting them to form a new cone. The sifting is repeated five
times.
This type of mixing was used as the last step in the process. Maize bran was piled on top
of soya bean and sunflower seeds in that order. On top, the quartered items were blended
together. Maize bran 148.8 kg, Soya beans 33.72 kg, Sunflower 12.4 kg, DCP 1.9 kg,
Limestone 1.44 kg, Methionine 0.28 kg, Lysine 0.66 kg, Pig premix 0.4 kg, and Salt 0.4
kg = 200 kg
The coning method was used to mix this pile, with a total of five shifts required to
complete the mixing, resulting in a compound feed.

DISCUSSION
Using the conning method, all of the elements in the feed ration were fully mixed
together during the feed formulation process. The conning method of feed formulation
ensured that each granule of each feed component contained the correct proportion of
each particular nutrient. As a result, all of the ingredients accessible in the entire feed
ration are distributed evenly. Rather than focusing just on cost per unit weight, evaluate
the nutritional worth of substances as well as any potential anti-nutritional elements such
as too much of one nutrient. Formulations should be based on available nutrition and
digestible energy from constituents that fulfill limits, based on the most recent reliable
data on nutrient requirements.
CONCLUSION
The finished product is packaged in sacks, and samples are collected and taken for testing
at the UNZA Animal Nutrition LAB to verify if the nutrient content are accurate if not
the feed has to be reprocessed with respect to the nutrient lacking.

REFERENCE
Brachet, M., Arroyo, J., Bannelier, C., Cazals, A., & Fortun-Lamothe, L. (2015).
Hydration capacity, New York.
Hadgu, G. (2016). Factors Affecting Feed Intake and Its Regulation Mechanisms in
Ruminants,Queensland.
Kaushik, S. J. (2000). Feed formulation, diet development and feed technology.
Advances in Mediterranean publishers.

You might also like