Quarter 2 – Module 1: Language of Research, Advocacy and Campaign

LESSON 1 Language of Research

Language is a powerful tool in building effective and harmonious relationship. It bridges the gap in
accessing information and expressing oneself. Language has many faces; it can be explored in
any forms, oral, written, and spoken.
In this module, you will come to know how language is used in different media or forms of text as
an expression of ideas and even emotions. This lesson is packed with inputs and activities
designed to cultivate your understanding on recognizing language used in Research.

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

1. define research and its language used;
2. express appreciation on present issues through a research report; and
3. write a part of a research report by using appropriate language.

What’s In
It is necessary to connect our previous understanding and knowledge to other new concepts
which we are about to discuss. Let us have a short review.
1. What are the different literary text types?
There are five (5) basic categories of literary texts. These are the following:
a. Descriptive – is a text that creates a picture of a person, place, thing or event.
It also tells what something looks, sounds, smells, tastes or feels like.
b. Narrative – is a text that tells a series of events in chronological order.
c. Expository – is a text that provides explanation of a specific topic; gives facts, reasons,
explanations or examples with supporting details and conclusions about the topic.
d. Persuasive – is a text that aims to present a point of view and seek to convince a reader.
e. Argumentative – is a text that attempts to present and explain the issue or case, gives reasons
and supports these reasons to prove its point and refutes or proves wrong the opposing argument.
1. Tell something about the following kind of language and literary devices?
a. Figures of Speech is a language used that is different from its literal meaning.
Example: The corona virus is like a thief in the night.
Meaning: It is an example of a simile which shows comparison between two (2) different things
which have similar characteristics. It means corona virus and thief in the night are different things
yet they can be noted with same qualities.
b. Idiom is an expression that cannot be understood from the meaning of its individual words but
has a separate meaning of its own.
Example: It is a piece of cake.
Meaning: It is an easy task.
c. Jargon refers to the language used by a particular group of people.
Example: Writ of HabeasCorpus (can beunderstood by lawyers, judges, and law experts)
Meaning: It is a court order demanding a public official deliver an imprisoned individual to the
court and show a valid reason for that person’s imprisonment.
Sentence: The violator of the Bayanihan Heal As One Act was issued the writ of habeas corpus.
d. Colloquial is the language used when people are speaking in an informal way.
Example 1: Wanna Meaning: Wantto
Sentence: I wanna go to the beach but I can’t because of the pandemic.
e. Slang is a word that is not considered part of the standard vocabulary of a language (of a
certain group of people).
Example 1: Havey
Meaning: Funny
Sentence: Vice Ganda’s joke was so havey.

What’s New
Activity 1.1A: Show Time!
Now that you are done with the review of your past lessons, you are going to figure out the issue
reflected on the picture below. Using the guide question, write your ideas on your answer sheet.
Activity 1.1B: Let’s Scrutinize!
Now, write five (5) sentences expressing your idea about the given picture using the following
question:
If you are interested in getting the reward, what would be the best way you can do to discover
the vaccine?
What is It
A while ago, you were asked to express your idea on what way you can discover a permanent
cure against corona virus. By doing so, you have recognized that it is a must to apply research in
this scenario. Meanwhile, many Filipinos were surprised when President Rodrigo Duterte
announced over the national television how eager he was in getting to the bottom of this
pandemic. Thus, he offered Php50 million reward to a group of scientists who could discover a
vaccine against corona virus. The prize will urge you to do scientific investigations that will lead to
the discovery of an antidote to fight the pandemic.
What is Research?
Research is a systematic investigationand a study of materials and sources to establish facts
and reach new conclusion. This is widely recognized as an important tool for solving man’s various
problems and in making life more useful and convenient. The modern gadgets that we use today,
the medicines that give us relief, the tools and equipment that make our tasks easier are all
products of researches conducted by professionals from various disciplines.
Research contains the following parts:
a. Chapter 1: Research Problem and Its Background
It begins with a general statement of the problem then focuses on a specific problem or issue,
frames the said problem within the existing literature, points out deficiencies in the literature and
targets the study for evidence and proof.
b. Chapter 2: Review of RelatedLiterature
It reports critical review of the relevant literature and identifies the gap within the literature that
your research will attempt to address.
c. Chapter 3: Research Methodology
It discusses understanding of data and the ways to systematically collect information and data.
d. Chapter 4: Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation
It contains the main topic on finding answers through data collection. It also discusses methods of
arranging, summarizing and presenting sets of data using tabular textual and graphical methods.
e. Chapter 5: Summary of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations
It presents ways of reporting and sharing findings of a research study. It deals with ways of drawing
logical conclusion from research findings and gives recommendations.
In writing a research report, informative, descriptive, persuasive and narrative text types are used.
What is a Literal language?
Literal language means exactly what it says. It does not use figures of speech. Instead, it uses the
actual meaning of words or phrases in their exact sense. Literal language is direct to the point. It is
precise and often tells the reader exactly the point. Thus, the reader or listener does not have to
extract meaning. Moreover, literal language is often used in the fields of science, logic, objectivity
and research. It is a kind of expression that could be trusted to describe ideas precisely and
clearly.
You may consider using literal language when writing a research paper on the effectiveness of
misting machine for corona virus disinfection. In this case, the use of precise language would be
the best option. Authors use literal language when they want to get their point in a direct manner.
In this table, you will see what language is appropriate in research.

What’s More
In this part, you will engage yourself in activities that will improve your skills in recognizing the
language of research.
Recognizing appropriate language used in Research
Here is an excerpt of a research report. Notice the highlighted words inside the
parentheses.

Remember, in writing a research report, the language to be used should be literal – it is direct,
denotative or exact meaning of a word. Thus, the words effects and affirm are appropriate in this
context.
Activity 1.2: Recognizing appropriate language used in Research
You are now ready to explore on the concept you just have learned about the language used in
research. In the paragraphs below, underline the word that is more appropriate to the context
presented.
LESSON 2 Language of Advocacy

Language has become an eminent tool for communication, expression and interaction. Its
importance has significantly paved a greater access for conveying ideas and feelings. It gives
access to align our feelings with our thoughts.
In this module, you will use a variety of language in expressing your views, opinions and
convictions about life.
You are bound to cultivate your minds as you work on your language as a processor of what you
are going to convey as you indulge in making Advocacy in this module.
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. define advocacy and its language used;
2. express appreciation on social issues through advocacy; and
3. formulate an advocacy on social issue presented.

What is Research?
Research is a systematic investigation and a study of materials and sources to establish
facts and reach new conclusion. Research also uses informative, descriptive,
persuasive and narrative text types.

What is It
A while ago, you were asked to express your appreciation and sentiments about the
present issue on corona virus pandemic. By doing so, you have recognized how to
make an advocacy.
What is an Advocacy?
 Advocacy is an active promotion of a cause or principle.
 Advocacy involves actions that lead to a selected goal.
 Advocacy is one of many possible strategies, or ways to approach a problem.
 Advocacy can be used as part of a community initiative, nested in with other components.
 Advocacy is not direct service.
 Advocacy does not necessarily involve confrontation or conflict.
 Advocacy is a text form that uses different text types such as persuasive, informative, descriptive,
narrative, and argumentative.
What’s More
In this part, you will engage yourself to various activities that will improve your skills
in recognizing the language of advocacy.
Recognizing appropriate language used in Advocacy
This time, we shall now move on to another text form which is commonly known as Advocacy.
The statements below speak about an environmental issue which has become a perennial
problem in the country.

The statements, Let’s Educate everyone to practice Proper Waste Management and
Proper Waste Management is better done with multitude hands and minds are examples
of environmental advocacies that reflect awareness of imparting knowledge to people and
developing community support to act over the existing issue. In Advocacy # 1, it uses literal
language while Advocacy # 2 uses figurative language.
Please pay attention that in making an advocacy, both the literal and figurative
language can be used. Figurative language is a language that is indirect, connotative
or goes beyond its literal meaning.
Activity 2.2: Recognizing appropriate language used in Advocacy
It’s now your turn!
This time, you will make your own advocacy highlighting your understanding of
the issue on “Malnutrition”. Be guided by the following questions as your clues in
crafting your advocacy.
 What is the issue all about?
 What is your goal? Who is your target?
 What do you want to convey?
 Use literal in box 1 and figurative in box 2.
Lesson 3 Language of Campaign
Language is a useful medium to get the message across to convince others of your cause in order
to achieve your goal.
In this lesson, you will come to know how language is used in evoking positive feelings and
convincing audiences to perform specific action or goal. This lesson is packed with inputs and
activities designed to cultivate your understanding on recognizing language used in campaign.

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

1. define campaign and its language used;
2. express appreciation of the language used in a campaign on
present issues; and
3. craft a campaign observing appropriate language.
What’s In
It is necessary to connect previous understanding and knowledge to new
concepts. Let us first have a short review.
What is an Advocacy?
Advocacy is an active promotion of a cause or principle. It involves actions
that lead to a selected goal. It is also one of the many possible strategies, or
ways to approach a problem. An advocacy uses the persuasive, informative,
descriptive, narrative, and argumentative text types. In writing an advocacy,
you can use either the literal or figurative language.

Activity 3.1B: Let’s Scrutinize!

Now, express your appreciation based on the picture by answering the following questions. 1.
What is your opinion about helping others in times of crisis?
2. What is the importance of government services during the pandemic?
3. What can you contribute to those who are in need?
What is It
A while ago, you were asked to express your appreciation and opinion. By doing so, you have
recognized how to make a campaign.
What is a Campaign?
It refers to a set of organized activities designed to influence policies and practices to achieve
lasting change. Campaign always goes beyond just influencing policies and practices and
always seeks to engage the public in taking action and creating broader movement for change.
What’s More
In this part, you will engage yourself to various activities that will improve your skills in recognizing
the language of campaign.
Recognizing appropriate language used in Campaign
This time, you will learn another text form which is commonly known as Campaign.
The statements below speak an environmental issue which has become a perennial problem in
the country.
Literal:
“Observe Proper Waste Disposal.”
Figurative:
“Put your heart in keeping your surroundings clean.”
The statements: “Observe proper waste disposal” and “Put your heart in keeping your
surroundings clean” are concrete examples of environmental campaign that encourage
awareness of imparting knowledge to peopleand developing community support to act over the
existing problem.

Please take note that in making a campaign, both the literal and figurative language can
be used. Literal Language is a language that is direct, denotative and gives exact meaning
of a word while Figurative language is a language that is indirect, connotative and goes
beyond its literal meaning.
What I Can Do
Activity 3.3
Now that you’ve learned a lot from the very start of our module, here is another activity
that will let you apply what you have learned. Our country has been confronted with so many
issues and problems in the past and much more this time of pandemic. Your task now is to think of
a specific social problem that you and your family have encountered. Write your own campaign
relative to the identified issue using appropriate language.
The first set is done for you.
Campaign
 No to Plastics: Save the Earth, Save Life
 Fixing Waste, Fixes Life
Now, it’s your turn. Look at the picture. Establish your awareness on the illustration and
come up with your own campaign. In writing your answer use literal and figurative
language.
In writing research, literal language is used. Look at the following example: “Based on the findings
of the study, it is concluded that generally, the parents’ involvement is significantly related to
academic performance of the pupils and therefore establishes the need to develop a Parental
Involvement Program Framework that will intensify parents’ involvement.
(Padrones, 2011)”
The words used in the given example are precise. Now we have more examples of a text form
which is an advocacy.
a. ‘Plant tress to sustain life.” (This is an advocacy in literal form.)
b. “Read a book. Save a soul.” (This is an advocacy in figurative form.)
We are now going to have examples of a campaign.
a. “Be There For Someone Else. Give Blood, Save Life.” (This is a campaign in literal form.)
b. “Heart for the poor.” (This is a campaign in figurative form.
What’s More
In this part, you will engage yourself to various activities that will improve your skills in recognizing
the differences on the use of language in research, campaign and advocacy.
Differentiate the language used in Research, Advocacy and Campaign
Look at the table below and read the given statements.

Remember, in research, advocacy and campaign, literal language can be used. However, in
making an advocacy and campaign, figurative language may be used.