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    Dielectric Constant - For Students

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    abhi shek
    This document provides instructions for an experiment to determine the dielectric constant of unknown solid materials. The experiment involves measuring the capacitance of a capacitor first with vacuum between the plates, and then with a dielectric material between the plates. The dielectric constant is then calculated as the ratio of these capacitances. The aim is to understand concepts such as dipole moment, capacitance, and permittivity, and how they relate to determining the dielectric constant of a material.

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    Dielectric Constant - For Students

    Uploaded by

    abhi shek
    73 views17 pages
    This document provides instructions for an experiment to determine the dielectric constant of unknown solid materials. The experiment involves measuring the capacitance of a capacitor first with vacuum between the plates, and then with a dielectric material between the plates. The dielectric constant is then calculated as the ratio of these capacitances. The aim is to understand concepts such as dipole moment, capacitance, and permittivity, and how they relate to determining the dielectric constant of a material.

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    phy119

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    Dielectric constant_for students

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    This document provides instructions for an experiment to determine the dielectric constant of unknown solid materials. The experiment involves measuring the capacitance of a capacitor first with vacuum between the plates, and then with a dielectric material between the plates. The dielectric constant is then calculated as the ratio of these capacitances. The aim is to understand concepts such as dipole moment, capacitance, and permittivity, and how they relate to determining the dielectric constant of a material.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    73 views17 pages

    Dielectric Constant - For Students

    Uploaded by

    abhi shek
    This document provides instructions for an experiment to determine the dielectric constant of unknown solid materials. The experiment involves measuring the capacitance of a capacitor first with vacuum between the plates, and then with a dielectric material between the plates. The dielectric constant is then calculated as the ratio of these capacitances. The aim is to understand concepts such as dipole moment, capacitance, and permittivity, and how they relate to determining the dielectric constant of a material.

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    Engineering Physics Laboratory

    (Course Code : PHY119)

    Experiment Number: 10

    AIM: To determine the dielectric constant


    of unknown solid material
    Learning Objectives

    1. To understand the concept of dipole moment, capacitance and permittivity

    2. To find out the dielectric constant of any unknown substance

    3. To understand the factors affecting the capacitance of the material

    4. To understand the close relation between capacitance and permittivity


    Theory
    Dipole moment
    v Dipole moments occur when there is a separation of charge. They can occur between
    two ions in an ionic bond or between atoms in a covalent bond
    v The dipole moment is a measure of the polarity of the molecule

    v When two electrical charges, of opposite sign and equal


    magnitude, are separated by a distance, an electric
    dipole is created.
    v The size of a dipole is measured by its dipole moment
    (μ). Dipole moment is measured in Debye units, which is
    equal to the distance between the charges multiplied by
    the charge (1 Debye = 3.34×10-30Cm).
    Polarizability
    Polarizability is a measure of how easily an electron cloud is distorted by an electric
    field. Typically the electron cloud will belong to an atom or molecule or ion. The
    electric field could be caused, for example, by an electrode or a nearby cation or anion.
    If an electron cloud is easy to distort, we say that the species it belongs to is
    polarizable

    Polarizability, which is represented by the Greek letter alpha, α, is experimentally


    measured as the ratio of induced dipole moment p to the electric field E that
    induces it:
    α = p/E
    Dielectric
    A dielectric material is a type of insulator that becomes polarized in presence
    of external electric field

    Dielectric

    Polar dielectric Non - polar dielectric


    E=0 E>0
    Capacitor
    Dielectric Constant
    Dielectric constant, also called relative
    permittivity is define as the ratio of
    the capacitance of a capacitor with dielectric
    to the capacitance of an identical capacitor
    in a vacuum without the dielectric material.
    OR
    Define as the ratio of permittivity of material
    to the permittivity of free space.

    #! OR ∈
    != !=
    #" ∈"
    Link:
    https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/cheerpj/capacitor-lab/latest/capacitor-lab.html?simulation=capacitor-lab
    Procedure

    q First the capacitance of a capacitor Co, is measured with vacuum


    between its plates.
    q Using the same capacitor and distance between its plates, the
    capacitance Cm with a dielectric between the plates is measured.
    q The dielectric constant (relative permittivity) can be then
    calculated as:
    #!
    !=
    #"
    l The formula used is
    Parameters: Plate area: ----------- , Seperation between plates: -----------------

    Dielectric Material Capacitance Dielectric constant % error

    air C 0= ------

    Cm=
    Teflon C 0=

    Cm=

    Paper C 0=

    Cm=

    Glass C 0=

    Cm=

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