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Airy Disk

The document describes an experiment to measure the intensity of light diffraction through circular obstacles. It includes the name of the student, experiment name, a table of position and voltage measurements, a graph of position vs. intensity, and calculations to determine the diameter of the aperture from the diffraction pattern. The calculated diameter is 1.26 ± 0.04 mm, which agrees with the theoretical value.

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Debayan Biswas
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52 views4 pages

Airy Disk

The document describes an experiment to measure the intensity of light diffraction through circular obstacles. It includes the name of the student, experiment name, a table of position and voltage measurements, a graph of position vs. intensity, and calculations to determine the diameter of the aperture from the diffraction pattern. The calculated diameter is 1.26 ± 0.04 mm, which agrees with the theoretical value.

Uploaded by

Debayan Biswas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Debayan Biswas;

Roll No: 19PH20009

Experiment name: Intensity of diffractions due to pin hole diaphragms and


circular obstacles.

Table for voltage (mV) vs position (mm):


Position (in mm) Voltage (in mV)
0.9 0
1.1 0.03
1.23 0.01
1.25 0
1.45 0.16
1.49 0.26
1.53 0.38
1.6 0.61
1.65 0.74
1.73 0.83
1.79 0.77
1.81 0.71
1.85 0.58
1.93 0.29
2.05 0
2.11 0.13
2.15 0.32
2.2 0.63
2.25 1.05
2.3 1.37
2.38 1.67
2.44 1.55
2.5 1.14
2.62 0.16
2.68 0
2.72 0.2
2.74 0.35
2.76 0.64
2.8 1.32
2.85 2.39
2.9 3.78
2.95 4.85
3.03 5.72
3.13 4.22
3.15 3.49
3.19 2.41
3.21 1.59
3.23 0.86
3.29 0
3.31 0.25
3.33 0.7
3.35 1.91
3.37 3.85
3.39 5.61
3.41 9.03
3.47 21.13
3.57 61.04
3.67 122.21
3.77 188.5
3.87 253.97
3.89 266.08
3.95 287.8
4 298.77
4.02 299.88
4.05 298.77
4.09 292.1
4.1 287.8
4.3 177.38
4.5 53.39
4.65 6.64
4.67 4.68
4.69 2.47
4.71 1.03
4.73 0.44
4.76 0
4.82 0.86
4.86 2.41
4.9 3.75
4.94 4.84
5.02 5.72
5.06 5.47
5.1 4.85
5.14 3.97
5.19 2.78
5.24 1.48
5.27 0.89
5.38 0
5.5 0.72
5.55 1.14
5.6 1.51
5.66 1.67
5.71 1.57
5.73 1.46
5.9 0.32
6 0
6.2 0.55
6.34 0.83
6.4 0.74
6.5 0.46
6.7 0.02
6.73 0
6.85 0.02
6.97 0.02
7.08 0

Graph between position (mm) and Intensity (mV):

Position vs Intensity
350

300

250
Intensity (mV)

200

150

100

50

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Position (in mm)

Calculation and Error Analysis:


Least Counts:
Least count of screw gauge: 0.01 mm

Least count of voltmeter: 0.01 mV

Least count of meter scale: 1 mm


Observation:
Wavelength of light used (λ): 632.8 nm

Distance of aperture to detector (𝐿): 1.205 m

Position of Central Maxima: 4.02 mm

First Minima Towards Left: 3.29 mm

First Minima Towards Right: 4.76 mm

Voltage At Central Maxima (𝐼0 ): 299.88 mV

Voltage At second Maxima (𝐼): 5.72 mV


I
Theoretical value of = 0.017
I0

Calculations:
𝐼 5.72
Calculated value of = 299.88 = 0.019
𝐼0

Width of central maxima Δ𝑥 = 4.76 − 3.29 = 1.47 mm


2.44×λ×𝐿
Diameter of aperture 𝑑 = = 1.2657 mm
Δ𝑥

Distance between central maxima and left minima 𝑥𝐿 = 4.02 − 3.29 = 0.73 mm

Distance between central maxima and right minima 𝑥𝑅 = 4.76 − 4.02 = 0.74 mm

Errors:
0.1×2
Percentage error in L = = 0.16%
120.5
0.01×2
Percentage error in Δ𝑥 =
0.73

= 2.74 %
Percentage error in diameter = 0.16% + 2.74% = 2.90%

Error in diameter = 1.2657 × 2.90% = 0.0346 mm

Result:
Calculated diameter of the aperture is 1.26 ± 0.04 mm
𝐼
Measured value of = 0.019
𝐼0

I
Theoretical value of I0
= 0.017

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