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    Tipologi Airport-170222

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    Andre Geovano
    The document discusses airport terminal typology and design. It describes the key elements and zones of an airport terminal, including infrastructure, functional areas, passenger flows, and facilities. Different terminal concepts and designs are examined, highlighting the separation of arrival and departure areas both vertically and functionally. Principles of airport terminal territory and design are also covered.

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    Tipologi Airport-170222

    Uploaded by

    Andre Geovano
    95 views27 pages
    The document discusses airport terminal typology and design. It describes the key elements and zones of an airport terminal, including infrastructure, functional areas, passenger flows, and facilities. Different terminal concepts and designs are examined, highlighting the separation of arrival and departure areas both vertically and functionally. Principles of airport terminal territory and design are also covered.

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    TIPOLOGI_AIRPORT-170222

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    The document discusses airport terminal typology and design. It describes the key elements and zones of an airport terminal, including infrastructure, functional areas, passenger flows, and facilities. Different terminal concepts and designs are examined, highlighting the separation of arrival and departure areas both vertically and functionally. Principles of airport terminal territory and design are also covered.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    95 views27 pages

    Tipologi Airport-170222

    Uploaded by

    Andre Geovano
    The document discusses airport terminal typology and design. It describes the key elements and zones of an airport terminal, including infrastructure, functional areas, passenger flows, and facilities. Different terminal concepts and designs are examined, highlighting the separation of arrival and departure areas both vertically and functionally. Principles of airport terminal territory and design are also covered.

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    TIPOLOGI

    TERMINAL
    BANDARA

    17 FEBRUARI 2022
    SPA 4

    Dr. Freddy Marihot Rotua Nainggolan, S.T., M.T., IAI (Dubai International Airport, Dubai, U.A.E., n.d.)
    Once glamorous gateways to freedom, airports have
    become zones of consumerist tedium and state terror
    – but the emotional intensity of the departure gate
    endures
    (Wilkinson, 2017)
    AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS

    MUMBAI BARCELONA PALERMO

    YEREVAN SYDNEY SAN FRANCISCO

    NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE BEIJING ZURICH (Wilkinson, 2017)


    Airport Terminal?
    (Edwards, 2005)
    the backcloth to more emotional moments…
    place to welcome or bid farewell to friends and lovers…

    Functional building
    provides the connection to the plane

    (Line AADC 2014: Mini Drama, 2014)


    Safety Security
    Airport bertolakbelakang?
    (Edwards, 2005)
    Efficiency Speed

    ‘Enhanced measures’ have constipated the


    airport-machine ever since, necessitating
    extra room for huge queues and interrogation
    cubicles (in Stansted these have cute names
    like ‘sweet chestnut’) (Wilkinson, 2017)
    Situasi pandemic dan ancaman terorisme memikirkan ruang-ruang
    tambahan yang dibutuhkan untuk ‘screening’. Potensi antrian yang
    bertambah harus dipikirkan

    Bandara modern membutuhkan ruang untuk antrian keamanan yang sangat besar (Wilkinson, 2017)
    INFRASTRUKTUR
    BANDARA

    5 ZONA UTAMA
    (Edwards, 2005:2)

    Primary
    • Runway
    • Aircraft fuelling and maintenance areas
    • Aircraft stands
    • Passenger piers
    • Terminal buildings

    Secondary
    • Flight control tower
    • Connecting forms of transport (such as
    railway stations or light rail systems)
    • Road system
    • Car parks
    • Hotels
    3 TIPE UTAMA AIRPORT
    (Edwards, 2005:41)

    • International airports serving over 20 million passengers a year


    • National airports serving between 2 and 20 million passengers a year
    • Regional airports serving up to 2 million passengers a year.

    International
    National Regional
    Kansai Airport at Osaka, John F. Kennedy, Lyon, Manchester,
    Washington Dulles, Newark, Dallas and Denver in the USA, Southampton
    Baltimore,
    Charles de Gaulle Airport Cologne, Seville

    Cologne Southampton

    Charles de Gaulle
    TIPOLOGI
    TERMINAL
    BANDARA
    3 ELEMEN FORMAL
    (Edwards, 2005:32)

    the plan, the geometry of space-the spatial and hierarchical DENAH


    composition RUANG

    the design of surfaces, How the materials are used, and


    whether the surfaces reflect the functional and socially infused
    meaning of the airport
    MATERIAL PENCAHAYAAN
    the handling of light. Light and the play of light in an optical
    sense
    DENAH
    SKEMATIK
    TERMINAL
    BANDARA

    Schematic plan of terminal building


    (Edwards, 2005:85)
    PENCAHAYAAN
    &
    TRANSPARAN

    Pencahayaan alami + Ekspos struktur = ringan

    The integration of natural light and architectural structure increase the sense of
    weightlessness. Heathrow Terminal One Airside Link.
    (Edwards, 2005:152)
    Pencahayaan = penegas posisi ruang

    Daylight and artificial light need to define routes and


    important areas such as check-in desks. Stansted
    Airport, UK.
    (Edwards, 2005:154)
    Pencahayaan + Transparan = ketenangan

    Light and views across the airport apron help to give the departure lounge interest
    and tranquillity. Terminal 2, Manchester Airport, UK.
    (Edwards, 2005:156)
    Bergen Airport

    Pencahayaan + baja, kaca, kayu

    A strict material palette carefully


    considered in regards to origin, lifecycle,
    maintenance, degradability and
    recyclability, emphasises the building’s
    sense of place: Steel defines the shape of
    the spaces. Glass creates transparency in
    the facades and lets in plenty of daylight.
    Timber provides warmth and character.
    (Bergen Airport / Nordic Office of Architecture, 2019)
    Pencahayaan = Sekuen ruang

    Typical section of terminal. Notice how sunlight can be used to


    help define the concourse areas from control zones, providing
    an alternating sequence of light and dark areas en route to the
    plane.
    (Edwards, 2005:105)
    a strong sense of
    (Edwards, 2005)
    identity from the air
    The view from the plane gave a new sense
    of our place in and over the world…
    (Wilkinson, 2017)

    Queen Alia International Airport, Amman, Jordan


    (Wilkinson, 2017)

    Bao’an Airport, Shenzhen, China


    (Wilkinson, 2017)

    Charles de Gaulle Airport, Paris (Beijing Airport / Foster + Partners, 2008) (O’Hare International Airport, n.d.)
    (Edwards, 2005)
    KEDATANGAN &
    KEBERANGKATAN
    DIAGRAM ALUR DIAGRAM ALUR
    KEBERANGKATAN KEDATANGAN
    (Edwards, 2005:97)
    (Edwards, 2005:97)
    BAGASI &
    PENUMPANG
    ALUR BAGASI & PENUMPANG
    DI TERMINAL BANDARA
    (Edwards, 2005:104)
    Bagasi Keluar ≠ Bagasi Masuk

    The movement of baggage is a major factor in the layout of terminals.


    Terminal 4, Heathrow Airport, UK.
    (Edwards, 2005:111)
    PERGERAKAN
    PENUMPANG

    6 KRITERIA UTAMA
    (Edwards, 2005:117)

    • Easy orientation for the travelling public


    • Shortest possible walking distances
    • Minimum level changes
    ORIENTASI & ALUR JELAS
    • Avoidance of passenger cross-flows
    • Built-in flexibility
    • Separation of arriving and departing passengers.
    TIPOLOGI
    TERMINAL
    BANDARA
    5 KONSEP TERMINAL
    DAN DERMAGA
    (Edwards, 2005:118)

    (Six Design Concepts for Airline Passenger Terminals, n.d.)

    • central terminal with pier/finger (centralized


    terminal)
    • open apron or linear (semi-centralized or
    decentralized terminal)
    • remote apron or transporter (centralized terminal)
    • central terminal with remote satellites (centralized
    terminal)
    • unit terminal (semi-centralized or decentralized
    terminal).
    PEMISAHAN
    SECARA
    VERTIKAL

    Keberangkatan ≠ Kedatangan

    Vertical segregation in typical terminals


    (Edwards, 2005:125)
    AKTIVITAS &
    RUANG

    Tiga pergerakan : Keberangkatan, kedatangan,


    transfer

    Functional areas and activities in terminal


    (Edwards, 2005:131)
    KEBERANGKATAN
    Fasilitas retail Terminal Kedatangan dan
    Keberangkatan harus dipisahkan

    KEDATANGAN
    Diagrammatic structure of retail facilities at terminal
    for departure and arrival passengers
    (Edwards, 2005:136, 137)
    FASILITAS RUANG
    TUNGGU • circulation areas
    (Edwards, 2005:137) • waiting areas, including departure lounge
    • shops, bars and restaurants
    • telephones and business facilities
    • circulation areas
    • information points
    • waiting areas, including arrivals lounge
    • toilets, rest-rooms and first aid
    • limited shops and bars
    • ticket sales
    • telephones and toilets
    • passenger and baggage check-in
    • baggage claim
    • immigration control.
    • customs, health and immigration control.

    KEDATANGAN KEBERANGKATAN
    PRINSIPAL TERITORI
    TERMINAL LANTAI SATU KEBERANGKATAN
    LANTAI DASAR KEDATANGAN
    6 TERITORI
    KEBERANGKATAN RUANG MASUK RUANG KELUAR
    • entrance concourse
    • flight check-in and information
    • shops, bars, restaurants, cinemas etc.
    • passport control
    • departure lounge and duty-free shops
    • pier and gate to plane

    4 TERITORI Generally, the division between arrivals and departure is


    split (at least in larger airports) between different levels, with
    KEDATANGAN the majority adopting first floor for departures and ground floor
    • arrivals lounge for arrivals. Also, the entrance concourse and exit hall are
    • baggage reclaim usually the same space, perhaps zoned laterally to avoid conflict
    • customs and immigration control of movement.
    • exit hall. (Edwards, 2005:143)
    REFERENSI
    • Beijing Airport / Foster + Partners. (2008). Archdaily. https://www.archdaily.com/1339/beijing-airport-foster-
    partners?ad_source=search&ad_medium=projects_tab

    • Bergen Airport / Nordic Office of Architecture. (2019). Archdaily. https://www.archdaily.com/920367/bergen-airport-nordic-office-of-


    architecture?ad_source=search&ad_medium=projects_tab
    • Dubai International Airport, Dubai, U.A.E. (n.d.). Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/airport/images-
    videos#/media/1/11049/106905
    • Edwards, B. (2005). The Modern Airport Terminal. New approaches to airport architecture (Second). Spon Press. New York

    • Line AADC 2014: Mini Drama. (2014). Line Indonesia. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=56Sx2I1SRfA%0A

    • O’Hare International Airport. (n.d.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 14, 2022, from
    https://www.britannica.com/technology/airport/Passenger-terminal-layout-and-design#/media/1/11049/110550
    • Passenger terminal layout and design. (n.d.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 14, 2022, from
    https://www.britannica.com/technology/airport/Passenger-terminal-layout-and-design

    • Six design concepts for airline passenger terminals. (n.d.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved February 14, 2022, from
    https://www.britannica.com/technology/airport/Passenger-terminal-layout-and-design#/media/1/11049/19294

    • Wilkinson, T. (2017). Typology: Airport. The Architectural Review. https://www.architectural-review.com/essays/typology-airport


    Terima Kasih

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