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DAQ with Python

Exemplified by reading Temperature Data using NI USB TC-01 Thermocouple

Hans-Petter Halvorsen
 Free Textbook with lots of Practical Examples

https://www.halvorsen.blog/documents/programming/python/
 Additional Python Resources

https://www.halvorsen.blog/documents/programming/python/
 Contents
• How can we use NI Hardware with Python?
• What is DAQ?
• TC-01 Thermocouple Device
• DAQmx Note! The Python Examples provided will work for all
NI-DAQ Devices using the NI-DAQmx Driver, which

• nidaqmx Python API areNI TC-01

several hundreds different types. We will use the
Thermocouple DAQ Device as an Example.
The basic DAQ concepts can also be applied to other
• Python Examples types of hardware from other vendors.

– Logging Data, Plotting Data, Save Data to File

How can we use NI Hardware
with Python?
• NI is a company that manufacture and sell both Hardware and
Software
• The are most famous for their LabVIEW software
• LabVIEW is popular Graphical Programming Language
• Typically you use LabVIEW in combination with NI DAQ
Hardware, but the NI-DAQmx can also be used from C, C#,
Python, etc.
• Control NI DAQ Device with Python and NI DAQmx
– https://knowledge.ni.com/KnowledgeArticleDetails?id=kA00Z0
00000P8o0SAC
 NI DAQ Device with Python
How to use a NI DAQ Device with Python

Python Application Your Python Program

nidaqmx Python API Python Library/API for Communication with NI DAQmx Driver
Free

Python Python Programming Language

Free

NI DAQmx Hardware Driver Software

Free

NI DAQ
In this Tutorial we will use NI TC-01 Thermocouple
Hardware
 LabVIEW
• In this Tutorial we will use Python and
not LabVIEW
• But if you want to learn more about
LabVIEW, you may take a look at my
LabVIEW resources:
• https://halvorsen.blog/documents/prog
ramming/labview/labview.php
 NI DAQ Hardware Some Examples
TC-01 Thermocouple
myDAQ

NI-DAQmx
USB-6001 Hardware Driver
cDAQ
USB-6008

Note! The Python Examples provided will work for all NI-DAQ Devices using the NI-DAQmx Driver, which is several hundreds different types
 NI USB TC-01 Thermocouple

Connect
to PC

Connect
Thermocouple
Sensor https://www.ni.com/en-no/support/model.usb-tc01.html
 NI USB TC-01 Thermocouple

J-Type Exposed-Junction Thermocouple

J-Type Grounded Probe Thermocouple

https://www.ni.com/en-no/support/model.usb-tc01.html
NI USB TC-01 Thermocouple
• USB TC-01 Thermocouple is a DAQ Hardware
manufactured by NI
www.ni.com
• It measures Temperature using the Thermocouple
principle
• The USB-TC01 is compatible with J, K, R, S, T, N, E, and
B thermocouples
• https://www.ni.com/en-no/support/model.usb-tc01.html
 Thermocouple
• A Thermocouple is a sensor used to measure temperature.
• Thermocouples consist of two wire legs made from different
metals.
• The wires legs are welded together at one end, creating a
junction.
• This junction is where the temperature is measured.
• When the junction experiences a change in temperature, a
voltage is created.
• The voltage can then be interpreted using thermocouple
reference tables to calculate the temperature
https://www.thermocoupleinfo.com
 Data Acquisition (DAQ)
• To read sensor data you typically need a
DAQ (Data Acquisition) device
connected to you PC
• You can also use devices like Arduino ,
Raspberry Pi, etc.
• In all cases you will typically need to
install a driver from the vendor of the
DAQ device or the sensor you are using
 DAQ System
A DAQ System consists of 4 parts:
• Physical input/output signals, sensors
• DAQ device/hardware
• Driver software
• Your software application (Application
Software) - in this case your Python
application
 DAQ System
Input/Output Signals
Analog Signals
Software
Analog IO
Digital Signals Application

USB, etc. Hardware Driver

Sensors Digital IO
(Analog/Digital
Interface) Data Acquisition PC
Hardware
 Digital Signals
A computer can only deal with discrete signals
You typically log data at specific intervals

The sampling Time (𝑇! ) is the time between 2 logged values

𝑡 = Continuous Time
𝑘 = Discrete Time
𝑇! = Sampling Time
𝑇!

𝑘=0 𝑘=1 𝑘=2 𝑘=3 𝑘=4 … 𝑘

𝑡=0 𝑡 = 𝑇! 𝑡 = 2𝑇! 𝑡 = 3𝑇! 𝑡 = 4𝑇! 𝑡 = 𝑘𝑇!
 NI-DAQmx
• NI-DAQmx is the software you use to communicate
with and control your NI data acquisition (DAQ) device.
• NI-DAQmx supports only the Windows operating
system.
• Typically you use LabVIEW in combination with NI DAQ
Hardware, but the NI-DAQmx can also be used from C,
C#, Python, etc.
• The NI-DAQmx Driver is Free!
• Visit the ni.com/downloads to download the latest
version of NI-DAQmx
 Measurement & Automation
Explorer (MAX)
Measurement & Automation Explorer (MAX)
is a software you can use to configure and
test the DAQ device before you use it in
Python (or other programming languages).

MAX is included with NI-DAQmx software

With MAX you can make sure your DAQ device works as expected before you start using it in your Python program.
You can use the Test Panels to test your analog and digital inputs and outputs channels.
 nidaqmx Python API
• Python Library/API for Communication with NI
DAQmx Driver
• Running nidaqmx requires NI-DAQmx or NI-
DAQmx Runtime
• Visit the ni.com/downloads to download the
latest version of NI-DAQmx
• nidaqmx can be installed with pip:
pip install nidaqmx
• https://github.com/ni/nidaqmx-python
nidaqmx Python Package
Installation using PIP
 nidaqmx Python Package
MAX

You can change the

Name of the Device by
right-clicking and select
“Rename”
 Basic Python Example
import nidaqmx

task = nidaqmx.Task()

task.ai_channels.add_ai_thrmcpl_chan("TC01/ai0")

task.start()

value = task.read()

print(round(value,1))

task.stop()
task.close()
For Loop import nidaqmx
import time

# Initialize DAQ Device

task = nidaqmx.Task()
task.ai_channels.add_ai_thrmcpl_chan("TC01/ai0")
task.start()

Ts = 5 # Sampling Time

N = 60
for k in range(N):
value = task.read()
print("T =", round(value,1), "[degC]")
time.sleep(Ts)

# Terminate DAQ Device

task.stop()
task.close()
Plotting
import nidaqmx
import time
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# Initialize Logging
Tstop = 60 # Logging Time [seconds]
Ts = 2 # Sampling Time [seconds]
N = int(Tstop/Ts)
data = []

# Initialize DAQ Device

task = nidaqmx.Task()
task.ai_channels.add_ai_thrmcpl_chan("TC01/ai0")
task.start()

#Logging Temperature Data from DAQ Device

for k in range(N):
value = task.read()
print("T =", round(value,1), "[degC]")
data.append(value)
time.sleep(Ts)

# Terminate DAQ Device

task.stop()
task.close()

# Plotting
t = np.arange(0,Tstop,Ts)
plt.plot(t,data, "-o")
plt.title('Temperature')
plt.xlabel('t [s]')
plt.ylabel('Temp [degC]')
plt.grid()
Tmin = 18; Tmax = 28
plt.axis([0, Tstop, Tmin, Tmax])
plt.show()
 Python Code:
import nidaqmx
import
import
time
numpy as np
Cont.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt # Logging Temperature Data from DAQ Device
for k in range(N):
Log to File
# Initialize Logging value = task.read()
Tstop = 10 # Logging Time [seconds] print("T =", round(value,1), "[degC]")
Ts = 2 # Sampling Time [seconds] data.append(value)
N = int(Tstop/Ts) time.sleep(Ts)
data = [] writefiledata(k*Ts, value)

# Initialize DAQ Device # Terminate DAQ Device

task = nidaqmx.Task() task.stop()
task.ai_channels.add_ai_thrmcpl_chan("TC01/ai task.close()
0")
task.start() # Close File
file.close()
# Open File
file = open("tempdata.txt", "w") # Plotting
t = np.arange(0,Tstop,Ts)
# Write Data Function plt.plot(t,data, "-o")
def writefiledata(t, x): plt.title('Temperature')
time = str(t) plt.xlabel('t [s]')
value = str(round(x, 2)) plt.ylabel('Temp [degC]')
file.write(time + "\t" + value) plt.grid()
file.write("\n") Tmin = 18; Tmax = 28
plt.axis([0, Tstop, Tmin, Tmax])
plt.show()
Log to File
 Python Code: This Code is getting advanced, so I will
not go into details. Lets just run the code
Real-time Plotting import
import
import
import
nidaqmx
time
matplotlib.pyplot as plt
matplotlib.animation as animation Cont. and observe the results
# Read from DAQ Device # Create a blank line. We will update the line in animate
def readdaq(): line, = ax.plot(xs, ys)
task = nidaqmx.Task()
task.ai_channels.add_ai_thrmcpl_chan("TC01/ai0") # Configure Plot
task.start()
value = task.read() plt.title('Temperature')
task.stop() plt.xlabel('t [s]')
task.close() plt.ylabel('Temp [degC]')
return value plt.grid()

# Write Data Function #Logging Temperature Data from DAQ Device

def writefiledata(t, x): def logging(i, ys):
# Open File
file = open("tempdata.txt", "a")
value = readdaq()
print("T =", round(value,1), "[degC]")
# Write Data data.append(value)
time = str(t) time.sleep(Ts)
value = str(round(x, 2)) global k
file.write(time + "\t" + value) k = k + 1
file.write("\n") writefiledata(k*Ts, value)
# Close File
file.close() # Add y to list
ys.append(value)
# Initialize Logging # Limit y list to set number of items
Ts = 1 # Sampling Time [seconds] ys = ys[-x_len:]
N = 100 # Update line with new Y values
k = 1
line.set_ydata(ys)
x_len = N # Number of points to display
Tmin = 15; Tmax = 28
return line,
y_range = [Tmin, Tmax] # Range of possible Y values to display
data = [] ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig,
logging,
# Create figure for plotting fargs=(ys,),
fig = plt.figure() interval=100,
ax = fig.add_subplot(1, 1, 1)
blit=True)
xs = list(range(0, N))
ys = [0] * x_len
ax.set_ylim(y_range) plt.show()
Real-time Plotting
The Plot is updated in Real-time.

You stop the Logging when you

close the Figure
 DAQ
• I have made lots of DAQ resources for
other Topics and Programming Language
• Here you find more information,
resources, videos and examples
regarding DAQ:
• https://www.halvorsen.blog/documents
/technology/daq
 Additional Python Resources

https://www.halvorsen.blog/documents/programming/python/
Hans-Petter Halvorsen
University of South-Eastern Norway
www.usn.no

E-mail: hans.p.halvorsen@usn.no
Web: https://www.halvorsen.blog