HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER

PROJECT PROPOSAL REPORT

TITLE: A POCKET SIZE DRINKS & BEVERAGE

GROUP MEMBERS:

Name Roll No.

SUBMITTED TO: Dr. ABID HUSSAIN

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Contents
GROUP MEMBERS: .................................................................................................................................... 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................ 2
Introduction: ........................................................................................................................................... 3
What Is an Immersion Temperature Regulator? ......................................................................................... 3
How Does the device Work? .................................................................................................................. 3
Advantages: ............................................................................................................................................ 4
Disadvantages: ........................................................................................................................................ 4
Possible problems that could be faced: ................................................................................................... 4
Possible solutions: .................................................................................................................................. 4
Material Used: ........................................................................................................................................ 5
Cost Analysis: ......................................................................................................................................... 6
Major Parts used with Specifications: .................................................................................................... 6
Heating Rod: ........................................................................................................................................... 7
Motor: ..................................................................................................................................................... 7
Battery: ................................................................................................................................................... 8
Thermostat: ............................................................................................................................................. 8

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Introduction:

What Is an Immersion Temperature Regulator?

As the name suggests, the device is pocket sized and requires you to insert it into the

beverage you want to heat or cool. You will find the majority of them use electricity.

However, it is not uncommon to connect them to solar panels, which adds to their ecological

efficiency. They come with an electric resistance heater (a metal loop or coil) to heat the

contained water. Since a cable connects these heaters to a power supply, you may switch them

on and off as you please. Immersion heaters also go by the names of mega-flow boilers or

unvented hot water systems. You may want to keep this in mind when searching for electric

heaters among the many brands and companies.

How Does the device Work?

An immersion heater works along the same lines as a large kettle. Typically, you place the

electric heater in the hot water cylinder and let it sit there as the surrounding water heats. A

strong electric current power the heater to bring the water to the desired temperature. When the

electric heater is on, it will automatically heat water every time it falls below the desired

temperature. However, there is also an option to switch off the hot water if you don’t require

heating. This feature is especially efficient during peak electricity hours. The way it works is

cold water fills the tank bottom and rises to the top as it gets hotter. The flow of more cold

water into the tank bottom creates pressure for the hot water to leave the heater. So it then

makes its way to baths, showers, and sinks as needed. It also uses a motorized stirrer so that

mix anything easily and an always on display thermometer helps to monitor the temperature.

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Advantages:

One of the main benefits of an immersion heater is making it an excellent backup option for

aging boilers. Since they do not work on a gas supply, you can charge the device and use it

wherever you want as it is battery operated. That means you will have a steady source of hot or

cold drinkables even when any central boiler issues arise.

Disadvantages:

The biggest problem with an immersion heater is you cannot use it to heat just a small amount

of water. Instead, you need to wait for all the water in the tank to heat. Besides being a time-

consuming process, this also seems relatively inefficient. After all, once you switch the heater

off, the water will lose much of its heat. That means all the electricity you spend will go to

waste.

Possible problems that could be faced:

1- As this water heater takes time to cool down so this device cannot be good in case of

contact with the body

2- Electric hazard

Possible solutions:

As far as portability is concerned the heating element of the heater takes too much to cool down

it can be hazardous if the heating element gets into contact with the body of another flammable

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thing. So to prevent this danger a case can be made of insulator material. For example, wood

can be a good option in this case. Wood is an insulator for both electrical & thermal

conditions.

In the case of Electric Hazards, if the heating element is dipped inside the water and water

conduct electricity, that will be dangerous. To prevent this glass rod casing can be used to

prevent the electrical hazard. But here question can be raised, what if the glass case broke

down? There will be a chance of danger again. To overcome this we can use the material

used in the casing of LED bulbs.

The material used in this is epoxy resin. Epoxy resin is good in bearing the temperature and

acts as an insulator. By the use of the covering of epoxy resin over the heating element, the

issue of electric conductance while in water can be solved.

Material Used:

To make an immersion rod water heater following things will be required

1- Thermostat

2- Tungsten element

3- Epoxy resin cover

4- Electric source

5- Copper wires

6- Small motor

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7- Digital display

8- Stirring shaft

Cost Analysis:

The estimated cost of the components used in the immersion rod water heater is given below:

• Heating element = 550 Rs

• Thermostat = 450 Rs

• Epoxy resin cover = 529 Rs

• Resistor = 200 Rs

• 6V 29000rpm Small DC Motor Electric Motor = 90 Rs

• Motor Adapter = 300 Rs

• Stirrer Shaft = 30 Rs

• Side Clips = 50 Rs

• Battery = 600 Rs

Total approximated amount = 2700 Rs

Major Parts used with Specifications:

The specifications of some of the major parts used in the project are given below:

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Heating Rod:

This device operates at 12v supply and is made up of food grade Stainless Steel material. It

heats the liquid in a cup or glass up to 80 Degree Celsius

in just a few minutes when given supply from a 12v battery.

Motor:

This motor uses a detachable mechanism with a shaft and can be used to stir the drinks when

needed.

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Battery:

This 12v, 23A and 2500 mAh lithium-ion battery is used to power the device.

Thermostat:

This thermostat is used to monitor the temperature of the drinks with a digital display so that

the customer can heat their drinks up to their desired temperature.