Mathematics Lab

Sumukh Santhosha Kesarla

Enrolment Number: 200031101611057

Date:

clc
clear
A = [4 5 8 6]
disp(A)

B = [4;7;2;6]
disp(B)

C = [1 2 3 ; 2 4 6 ; 3 6 9 ]
disp(C)

D = [4 5 8; 2 3 6; 9 5 7]
disp(D)

disp(C(:,3))

disp(det(C))

disp(inv(C))

disp(rank(C))

disp(trace(C))

E=C+D
disp(E)

F=C*D
disp(F)

disp(6*C)

—-------------------------------------------------
clc

clear
v1 = [2 2 1]
v2 = [1 -1 1]
v3 = [1 0 1]
v = [v1; v2; v3]
disp(v)

r = rank(v)

if r == 3 then
disp "it is Linearly Inependent"
else
disp "It is Lineraly dependent"
end
—--------------------------------------------------
clc
clear
v1 = [1 2 3 1]
v2 = [2 1 -1 1]
v3 = [4 5 5 3]
v4 = [5 4 1 3]

v = [v1; v2; v3; v4]

disp(v)

[row c] = size(v)

r = rank(v)

if r == row then
disp "it is Linearly Inependent"
else
disp "It is Lineraly dependent"
end
—------------------------------------------------------
clc
clear

v1 = [2 -3 1]
v2 = [1 -1 2]
v3 = [2 1 -3]

v=[v1; v2; v3]

disp(v)
c = [-2;3;-2]
disp(c)
X = inv(v) * c
Y = v*X - c

if Y == zeros(Y) then
disp(X)
else
disp("System is inconsistent")
end
—---------------------------------------
Date: 05/04/2022

1. By using SCILAB to determine whether or not the vectors

(1, − 2, 1), (2, 1, − 1), (7, − 4, 1)are linearly dependent and solve the following
system of linear equations:
2x-3y+z=-2, x-y+2z=3, 2x+y-3z=-2.
clc
clear
v1 = [1 -2 1]
v2 = [2 1 -1]
v3 = [7 -4 1]

v = [v1; v2; v3]

ra = rank(v)
[row c] = size(v)

if ra == row then
disp("Vectors are Linearly Independent")
else
disp("Vectors are Linearly Dependent")
end

clc
clear
a1 = [2 -3 1]
a2 = [1 -1 2]
a3 = [2 1 -3]
a = [a1; a2; a3]

b = [-2; 3; -2]

x = inv(a) * b

disp(x)

2. Write the given system of equation in matrix form.

2x1+2x2-5x3=1, -2x1+4x2+3x3=6, -x1+3x2+2x3=5 and solve it for finding the values of
xi’s.
clc
clear

a1 = [2 2 -5]

a2 = [-2 4 3]

a3 = [-1 3 2]

a = [a1; a2; a3]

b = [1; 6; 5]

x = inv(a) * b

disp(x)

3. For a given matrix A= , find (a)Inverse(A) (b)Det.(A) (c)Trace (d) rank(A)

clc
clear

a = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 2 4 1]
disp("inverse of A is: " )
disp(inv(a))
disp("Determinant of A is: " )
disp(det(a))
disp("Trace of A is: " )
disp(trace(a))
disp("Rank of A is: " )
disp(rank(a))
 4. Write the given system of equation in matrix form.
2x1+2x2-5x3=1, -2x1+4x2+3x3=6, -x1+3x2+2x3=5 and solve it for finding the values

ofxi’s.
clc

clear

a1 = [2 2 -5]

a2 = [-2 4 3]

a3 = [-1 3 2]

a = [a1; a2; a3]

b = [1; 6; 5]

x = inv(a) * b

disp(x)
 5. Given two Matrices as
A=[1 2 3; 4 5 6; 2 4 1], B=[2 3 4; 6 7 8; 9 7 4]
Write (a)inverse (b)rank (c) trace and determinant of a matrices.
clc
clear
a=[1 2 3; 4 5 6; 2 4 1]
b=[2 3 4; 6 7 8; 9 7 4]
disp("inverse of A is: " )
disp(inv(a))
disp("Determinant of A is: " )
disp(det(a))
disp("Trace of A is: " )
disp(trace(a))
disp("Rank of A is: " )
disp(rank(a))

disp("inverse of B is: ")

disp(inv(b))
disp("Determinant of B is: ")
disp(det(b))
disp("Trace of B is: ")
disp(trace(b))
disp("Rank of B is: ")
disp(rank(b))
 6. Solve the system of equation with the help of SciLab, finding the values of x,y,z-
2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 11, 𝑥 + 5𝑦 + 7𝑧 = 15, 3𝑥 + 11𝑦 + 13𝑧 = 25.
clc
clear
a1 = [2 3 4]
a2 = [1 5 7]
a3 = [3 11 13]
a = [a1; a2; a3]

b = [11; 15; 25]

x = inv(a) * b

disp(x)
 7. Check for Linear independency/ dependency for the given set of vectors using SciLab-
[1,2,3] [3,4,4] [7,10,12]
clc

clear

a1 = [1,2,3]

a2 = [3,4,4]

a3 = [7,10,12]

a = [a1; a2; a3]

ra = rank(a)

[row c] = size(a)

if ra == row then

disp("Vectors are Linearly Independent")

else

disp("Vectors are Linearly Dependent")

End

8. Find trace, determinant and rank of matrix A=[1, 2, 3; 2, 0,-1; 0, 0, 3].

clc
clear
A = [1, 2, 3; 2, 0,-1; 0, 0, 3]
disp("Trace of B is: ")
disp(trace(A))
disp("Determinant of B is: ")
disp(det(A))
disp("Rank of B is: ")
disp(rank(A))
 9. Solve the following system of linear equations:

(i)2x-3y+z=-2, x-y+2z=3, 2x+y-3z=-2

clc

clear

a1 = [2 -3 1]

a2 = [1 -1 2]

a3 = [2 -1 3]

a = [a1; a2; a3]

b = [-2; 3; -2]

x = inv(a) * b

disp(x)

(ii)X+4y+7z=1, 2x+5y+8z=2, x+2y+3z=1

clc

clear
a1 = [1 4 7]

a2 = [2 5 8]

a3 = [1 2 3]

a = [a1; a2; a3]

b = [1; 2; 1]

x = inv(a) * b

disp(x)

(iii)x-4y+7z=8, 3x+8y-2z=6, 7x-8y+26z=3

clc

clear

a1 = [1 -4 7]

a2 = [3 8 -2]

a3 = [7 -8 26]

a = [a1; a2; a3]

b = [8; 6; 3]

x = inv(a) * b

disp(x)
0.
Date: 12/04/2022

1. To solve: (dy/dx)=x+y, y(0)=1, when x=[0,1]

clc
clf
clear

function [ydot]=myfuntion(x, y)
ydot = x+y
endfunction
x1 = 0
y1 = 1
x = linspace(0,1,100)
y = ode(y1, x1, x, myfuntion)
disp(x,y)
plot(x,y)

2. Write a scilab code to find solution of the first order initial value problem at x=0.8:
3. Solve and Plot the solution: (dx/dt)+(tant)x=cost, y(0)=0 ; in interval [0,1]

clc
clf
clear

function [tdot]=myfuntion(x, t)
tdot = cos(t) - x*tan(t)
endfunction
x1 = 0
 y1 = 0
x = linspace(0,1,100)
y = ode(y1, x1, x, myfuntion)
disp(x,y)
plot(x,y)

4.

clc
clf
clear
function [ydot]=myfuntion(x, y)
ydot = -2*x - y
endfunction
x1 = 0
y1 = -1
x = linspace(0,1,100)
y = ode(y1, x1, x, myfuntion)
disp(x,y)
plot(x,y)

5.

clc
clf
clear
function [ydot]=myfuntion(x, y)
ydot = 2*x*y
endfunction
x1 = 0
y1 = 1.8
x = linspace(0,1,100)
y = ode(y1, x1, x, myfuntion)
disp(x,y)
plot(x,y)

6.

clc
clf
clear
function [ydot]=myfuntion(x, y)
ydot = 4*x
endfunction
x1 = 0
y1 = 3
x = linspace(0,1,100)
y = ode(y1, x1, x, myfuntion)
disp(x,y)
plot(x,y)

7.

clc
clf
clear

function [ydot]=myfuntion(x, y)
ydot = -4*x
endfunction
x1 = 0
y1 = 3
x = linspace(0,1,100)
y = ode(y1, x1, x, myfuntion)
disp(x,y)
plot(x,y)
Date: 26/04/2022

clear
clc
clf

//solution of y^2-5y^1+y=0
function dx=f(t, x)
dx(1)=x(2)
dx(2)=(-1/2)*x(1)+5/2*x(2)
endfunction
sol=ode([6;-1],3,4,f)
//disp(sol(1))
t=4:.5:10;
sol=ode([6;-1],3,t,f)
plot(t,sol(1,:))

To be corrected:
clc
clear
clf

function zdash=f(c, z)
zdash = c*z
endfunction

c = [0 0 1; exp(x) -6 -5]
z = [1; 0; 1]

z0 = [0 1]
x = linspace(0,1,100)
y = ode( [0;1],0, x,f)
disp(x,y)

plot(x,y)
Date: 24/05/2022

Code for Fourier series

clc
clear
clf
deff('a=f(x)','a=x*x')

function [a0, A, B]=myfourier(l, n, f)

a0 = (1/l)*integrate('f(x)','x',-l,l)
for i=1:n
function an=f1(x, f)
an = f(x)*cos(i*%pi*x/l)
endfunction

function bn=f2(x, f)
bn = f(x)*sin(i*%pi*x/l)
endfunction

A(i) = (1/l)*integrate('f1(x)','x',-l,l)
B(i) = (1/l)*integrate('f2(x)','x',-l,l)

end

x = -5*l:0.1:5*l
series = a0/2;

for i=1:n
series = series + A(i)*cos(i*%pi*x/l) + B(i)*sin(i*%pi*x/l)
end

plot(x,series)
endfunction

myfourier(2,6,f)
Write the SciLab code for the solution of one dimensional wave equation subjected to
u(0,t)=u(L,t)=0, with initial velocity zero, if the initial conditions for displacement is given by
f(x)= sin3x . Use the values of c=1, L=1. Also find the displacement in the string when x=0.5
and t=0.075

clc
clear
clf

l = input("Enter length of rod: ")

k = input("Enter value of coefficient k: ")
n = input("Enter number of terms required in solution: ")

function w=f(x)
w = sin(3*%pi*x)
endfunction

for i=1:n
function w1=f1(x)
w1 = f(x)*sin(i*%pi*x/l)
endfunction
b(i) = (2/l)*integrate('f1(x)','x',0,l)
end

function u=f2(x, t)
u=0
for i=1:n
u = u + b(i)*sin(i*%pi*x/l)*cos(i*%pi*k*t/l)
end
endfunction

x = 0:0.05:1
t = 0:0.025:0.25

f1 = feval(x,t,f2)
plot3d(x,t,f1,'x@t@f2(x,t)')

scf(1)
plot(x',f1(:,1),'m.*',x',f1(:,3),'g.-',x',f1(:,6),'b.+',x',f1(:,9),'r.x')
Date: 31/05/2022

Write the SciLab code for the solution of one dimensional heat equation
subjected to u(0,t)=u(L,t)=0, if the initial conditions are given by u(x,0)=f(x)=4*(x/L)*(1-
x/L). Use the values of k=1, L=1. Also find the temperature in rod at x=0.4,t=0.2

clc
clear
clf

l = input("Enter length of rod: ")

k = input("Enter value of coefficient k: ")
n = input("Enter number of terms required in solution: ")

function w=f(x)
w = 4*x/l*(1-x/l)
endfunction

for i=1:n
function w1=f1(x)
w1 = f(x)*sin(i*%pi*x/l)
endfunction
b(i) = (2/l)*integrate('f1(x)','x',0,l)
end

function u=f2(x, t)
u=0
for i=1:n
u = u + b(i)*sin(i*%pi*x/l)*exp(-i^2*%pi^2*k*t/l^2)
end
endfunction

x = 0:0.05:1
t = 0:0.025:0.25

f1 = feval(x,t,f2)
plot3d(x,t,f1,'x@t@f2(x,t)')

scf(1)
plot(x',f1(:,1),'m.*',x',f1(:,3),'g.-',x',f1(:,6),'b.+',x',f1(:,9),'r.x')
Write the SciLab code for the solution of Two dimensional Laplace equation subjected to
u(x,0)=0, u(x,H)= 100*x*(L-x)^3, u(0,y)=u(L,y)=0. Use the values of H=1, L=2.

clc
clear
clf

function w=f(x)
w = 100*x*(l-x)^3
endfunction

function w1=f1(x)
w1 = f(x)*sin(n*%pi*x/l)
endfunction

function a=a1(n)
a = 2*intg(0,l,f1,0.0001)/(l*sinh(n*%pi*h/l))
endfunction

l=2
h=1
a = []

for n=1:20
a = [a a1(n)]
end

function u=u1(x, y)
u=0
for j=1:20
u = u + a(j)*sin(j*%pi*x/l)*sinh(j*%pi*y/l)
end
endfunction

x = 0:l/40:l;
y = 0:h/20:h;

u2 = feval(x,y,u1)

plot3d(x,y,u2,25,5,'x@t@u(x,t)')

scf(1)
contour(x,y,u2,15)
xtitle('Contour plots for Laplace equation','x','y')
To verify Rank theorem, rank+ nullity=No. of columns in the matrix, for an m X n matrix A.

clc
clear

A = [4 5 9 -2; 6 5 1 12; 3 4 8 -3]

r = rank(A)
disp(r)

k = kernel(A)
nullity = size(k,2)
disp(nullity)

n = size(A,2)
disp(n)

if (r + nullity) == n then
disp("Rank Nullity Theorem Verified")
end

B = [2 5 -3 -4 8; 4 7 -4 -3 9; 6 9 -5 2 4; 0 -9 6 5 -6]

r = rank(B)
disp(r)

k = kernel(B)
nullity = size(k,2)
disp(nullity)

n = size(B,2)
disp(n)

if (r + nullity) == n then
disp("Rank Nullity Theorem Verified")
end
For the system of linear equations: X+4y+7z=1, 2x+5y+8z=2, x+2y+3z=1
Does the solution exist?
How many free variables are there in solution?
Find the solution.

clc
clear

A = [1 4 7; 2 5 8; 1 2 3]
//X = [x1; x2; x3]
B = [1; 2; 1]

X = inv(A)*B
disp(X)

k = kernel(A)
nullity = size(k,2)
disp(nullity)
Show that the set of vectors (2,2,1), (1,-1,1), (1,0,1) forms a basis for space R3 ?
(ii)Find the coordinates of the vector (4,2,1) w.r.t. the basis set given in (i)

clc
clear

A = [2 1 1; 2 -1 0; 1 1 1]
//X = [x1; x2; x3]
B = [4; 3; 1]

X = inv(A)*B
disp(X)

X = inv(A')*B
disp(X)
Date: 07/06/2022

To write a script file for Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process.

clc
clear

u1 = [3 0 4]
u2 = [-1 0 7]
u3 = [2 9 11]

U = [u1; u2; u3]

[r, c] = size(U)

//[m n]= size (a);

q = zeros (r,c);
r = zeros (c,c);
for j=1: c
v= U(:,j)
for i =1:j -1
r(i,j)=q(:,i)'*U(:,j)
v=v-r(i,j)*q(:,i)
end
r(j,j)= norm(v)
q(:,j)=v/r(j,j)
disp(v, ' v=' )
disp(q, ' q=' )
end
2. Determine if the following set of vectors form an orthogonal basis for
R2 with the standard inner product. u=(2,5,-1), v=(-2,1,1)
clc
clear
u = [2 5 -1]
v = [-2;1;1]
V=u*v
disp(V)
if V == 0 then
disp("It is orthogonal")
else
disp("It is not orthogonal")
end
Find orthonormal basis in part (ii)

clc
clear
u = [2;5;-1]
v = [-2;1;1]

w1 = u / norm(u)
disp(w1)

w2 = v / norm(v)
disp(w2)