Research Work 4 ME 417L (2P.M-8P.M SATURDAY)

UNIVERSITY OF LUZON
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
RESEARCH WORK 4
ME 417L (2P.M-8P.M SATURDAY)
SPRINKLER SYSTEMS & JOCKEY PUMPS
ANTONIO, NORMAN C.
BSME-4
ENGR. RONALD FARINAS

INSTRUCTOR
•WET PIPE SYSTEMS
Wet pipe systems are the most common fire sprinkler system. A wet pipe system is one in which
water is constantly maintained within the sprinkler piping. When a sprinkler activates this water is
immediately discharged onto the fire. By a wide margin, wet pipe sprinkler systems are installed
more often than all other types of fire sprinkler systems. They also are the most reliable, because they
are simple, with the only operating components being the automatic sprinklers and (commonly, but
not always) the automatic alarm check valve. An automatic water supply provides water under
pressure to the system piping.
Advantages to using a wet pipe fire sprinkler system include:
 System simplicity and reliability - Wet pipe sprinkler systems have the least number of
components and therefore, the lowest number of items to malfunction. This produces unexcelled
reliability which is important since sprinklers may be asked to sit in waiting for many years
before they are needed. This simplicity aspect also becomes important in facilities where system
maintenance may not be performed with the desired frequency.
 Relative low installation and maintenance expense - Due to their overall simplicity, wet pipe
sprinklers require the least amount of installation time and capital. Maintenance cost savings are
also realized since less service time is generally required compared to other system types. These
savings become important when maintenance budgets are shrinking.
 Ease of modification - Wet pipe fire sprinkler systems are advantageous since modifications
involve shutting down the water supply, draining pipes and making alterations. Following the
work, the system is pressure tested and restored. Additional work for detection and special
control equipment is avoided which again saves time and expense.
 Short term down time following a fire - Wet pipe sprinkler systems require the least amount of
effort to restore. In most instances, sprinkler protection is reinstated by replacing the fused
sprinklers and turning the water supply back on. Pre-action and dry-pipe systems may require
additional effort to reset control equipment.
Disadvantages to using a wet pipe fire sprinkler system include:
 Wet pipe systems are not suited for sub-freezing environments.

 There may also be a concern where piping is subject to severe impact damage and could
consequently leak.
•DRY PIPE SYSTEMS
A dry-pipe sprinkler system is a type of fire-extinguishing sprinkler system in which the pipes are filled
with pressurized air or nitrogen rather than water.
Dry-pipe sprinklers are used to offer fire protection in environments that are cold enough that the water in
a wet-pipe sprinkler could potentially freeze, which would either reduce the sprinkler's effectiveness or
damage it enough to make it inoperable.
A dry-pipe sprinkler system works a lot like a wet-pipe system in that it also uses water to extinguish the
fire, but with one major difference – instead of pressurized water being contained in the pipes, they are
filled with pressurized air or nitrogen.
In a dry-pipe system, a closed valve separates the main piping from the water supply. When a fire breaks
out, the heat activates the sprinkler head, and this causes the air pressure inside the pipe to drop. The drop
in pressure then causes the valve to open and water flows into the system and out of activated sprinkler
head to extinguish the fire. Because the pressure needs to drop to a certain level, there is usually up to a
60-second delay from when the sprinklers are activated to when water reaches them.
Since this type of system does not contain water until it is activated, it is most commonly used in
structures or parts of buildings where no source of heat is employed. Examples of such areas include
parking garages, loading docks, and walk-in refrigerators.
This system requires a constant and reliable supply of pressurized air as well as special components, so it
can be significantly more complex and expensive to install and maintain compared to a wet-pipe system.
It also has far more design restrictions.
• PRE-ACTION SYSTEMS
The name pre-action system is sufficiently descriptive to broadly explain what the system is. In short, it is
one of a number of fire sprinkler systems that are employed in a myriad of environments to suppress fires
in buildings. You can never be ready for fire no matter how careful you are unless you employ these
systems to guard your property and other indispensable assets.
New York Engineers makes your life much easier by designing, installing and repairing fire sprinkler
systems. We are uncontested experts in fire sprinkler engineering services. Thus, we can help design,
install and repair your pre-action sprinkler system.
The pre-action system does not differ immensely from other main sprinkler systems: deluge, wet-pipe,
and dry-pipe systems. But, while they have the same functionality of extinguishing fire, their applications
differ.
What pre action does is that it partitions water and air or nitrogen. You will have water kept in the
sprinkler riser instead of system piping. This may be confused with the dry pipe system. Well, pre action
system keeps water using the electrically controlled pre action valve which only gets activated by a
supplemental detection system. A dry pipe system gets actuated by the same detection system that
actuates the sprinkler heads.
We design both the dry pipe and pre action systems, and our rapid engineering designs make the design
and installation quicker than our competitors. Like other sprinkler systems, pre-action is effective in
suppressing fire from the onset. However, applications tend to differ.
For instance, if you have archival vaults or other water-sensitive items that are being stored, you might
want to consider a pre-action system for its meticulous design to prevent inadvertent water discharge.
Water damage in a computer room can be as equally damaging as the fire damage if the system is
triggered by a false alarm. False alarms are notorious in these systems and so it is good to find a system
that puts measures in place to prevent inadvertent discharges.
The fact that pre-action systems discharge water in a two-step process makes it desirable to install them in
water-sensitive areas. New York Engineers can help assess your situation to see if this system will be
more beneficial and applicable to your case.
In a pre action sprinkler system, water never gets discharged inadvertently. The pre-action valve needs to
be activated first to let water into the piping; that is when the pre-action fire sprinkler system turns into a
wet sprinkler system. That water will stay in the piping network until a particular sprinkler head is also
activated. Pre-action fire sprinkler systems are typically not good for residential areas with no water-
sensitive equipment. The idea behind these systems is to protect your property and your assets equally.
The system protects your assets against inadvertent water discharge with the lag while also protecting the
property if the fire intensifies to a point of opening the sprinkler head. In commercial buildings, the pre-
action sprinkler system can be most beneficial. We do not, however, write off the need for pre-action
systems in residential buildings with archival vaults, computer systems, and others.
•CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
•REGENERATIVE TURBINE PUMP

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UNIVERSITY OF LUZON

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

ENGR. RONALD FARINAS

 Wet pipe systems are not suited for sub-freezing environments.

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