A TECHNICAL REPORT ON STUDENTS’ INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME

(SIWES)

CARRIED OUT IN GEN-SAVUX INDUSTRIES NIGERIA LIMITED, AWKA, ANAMBRA

STATE

BY

OKECHUKWU MICHAEL CHIGOZIE

(NAU/2017214029)

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL, FACULTY OF ENGINEERING,

NNAMDI, AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA, ANAMBRA STATE.

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (B.ENG.) DEGREE IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

OCTOBER, 2022

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 DEDICATION

To the Father the author of all wisdom and knowledge, and to Jesus His Christ

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I hereby appreciate God Almighty for giving me the Grace, opportunity and Strength to complete

my industrial training successfully. I also thank the management and staffs of Gen-Savux

Industries Nig Ltd, most especially Mr. Chibueze Onwuegbusi (the Executive Director of Gen-

Savux Industrial Nig Ltd) and Mr. Ugwu Lawrence Ejiofor, and the entire staffs of the

Production Unit/Department for their exposure, support, assistance, knowledge and experience

shared throughout the period of industrial attachment with the factory. My sincere thanks goes to

Engr. Dr. Chijioke Onuh and Engr. J. Ajali for their special support.

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 ABSTRACT

This report is centered on a six months Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES)
training program with Gen-Savux Industries Nigeria Limited Awka, Anambra State. With
highlights on paint production such as Emulsion paints, Matt Emulsion paints, Silk Emulsion
paints (Satin), Gloss paints, and Texcote (Texture) paints; a full enlightenment on equipment
used in paints production, as well as the components of paints, and the production/post-
production processes; and also giving a clear idea of the student involvement in all operational
activities carried out in the paint factory.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page i

Dedication ii

Acknowledgement iii

Abstract iv

Table of Content v

List of Figures x

List of table xii

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Background of SIWES 1

1.2 Significance of SIWES Program 1

1.3 Aim and Objectives of SIWES Program 2

1.4 Scope of the Report 2

Chapter Two

2.0 Literature Review 3

2.1 Gen-Savux Industries Nigeria Limited 3

2.2 Paints 4

2.2.1 Gen-Savux Paints 5

Chapter Three

3.0 Job Description 8

3.1 Raw Materials Used in Paint Manufacturing 9

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3.1.1 Resin 9

3.1.1.1 Epoxy Resins 9

3.1.1.1.1 Properties of Epoxy Resins 9

3.1.1.1.2 Curing of Epoxy Resins 10

3.1.1.2 Polyurethane Resins 10

3.1.1.2.1 Polyurethane Properties 11

3.1.1.2.2 Polyurethane Curing 11

3.1.1.3 Acrylics 11

3.1.1.3.1 Acrylics Properties 12

3.1.1.3.2 Acrylics Curing 12

3.1.1.4 Amino Resins 12

3.1.1.5 Alkyds 12

3.1.1.5.1 Alkyds Properties 13

3.1.1.5.2 Alkyds Curing 14

3.1.2 Solvent 14

3.1.2.1 Classification of Solvents 14

3.1.3 Filler 15

3.1.4 Pigment 16

3.1.5 Additives 16

3.2 Description of Operational Sections and Units in Gen-Savux Paints Factory 18

3.3 Paint Manufacturing Operations 19

3.3.1 Mixing Operation 19

3.3.1.1 Paint Mixing Equipment 20

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3.3.1.1.1 Texcote Paints Mixing Equipment 21

3.3.1.1.2 Gloss Paints Mixing Equipment 22

3.3.1.1.3 Emulsion Paints Mixing Equipment 23

3.3.1.1.4 Laboratory Scale Paints Mixing Equipment 24

3.3.2 Milling Operation 24

3.3.2.1 Ball Mill 25

3.3.3 Filtration Operation 25

3.3.3.1 Filtration Equipment 26

3.3.4 Measuring Equipment 26

3.3.4.1 250kg Platform Weighing Scale 26

3.3.4.2 High Precision 30kg Electronic/Digital Weighing Scale 27

3.3.4.3 Manual Weighing Pan Scale 25kg 27

3.3.4.5 Mercury in Glass Thermometer 28

3.3.4.6 Viscometer Clamp and Cup 28

3.3.4.7 Laboratory Stop Clock 30

3.3.5 Some other Tools used in the Paints Factory 30

3.3.5.1 Sample Chart Drying Box 30

3.3.5.2 Wheel Barrow 31

3.3.5.3 Shovel 31

3.3.5.4 Rubber Mallet 32

3.3.5.5 Scrapper 32

3.3.5.6 Hand Scoop 33

3.3.5.7 Meshed Sieve 33

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3.4 Testing Paints 34

3.4.1 Raw Material Checking 35

3.4.1.1 Solvent Tests 35

3.4.1.2 Density Test 35

3.4.1.3 Vaporization Time 35

3.4.1.4 Flash Point 36

3.4.1.5 Pigment Test 36

3.4.2 Products Tests 36

3.4.2.1 Viscosity Test 36

3.4.2.2 Density Test 38

3.4.2.3 Fineness Test 38

3.4.2.4 Hiding Power 38

3.4.2.5 Gloss Test 39

3.4.2.6 Acid Value 40

3.4.2.7 Adhesion Force 40

3.4.2.8 Storing Effect 40

3.4.2.9 Drying Rate 41

3.4.2.10 Wash-Ability Test 41

3.5 Components of Gen-Savux Paints and It Manufacturing Process 41

3.5.1 Gen-Savux Paint Manufacturing Process 44

3.5.1.1 The Pre-Production Process 44

3.5.1.2 The production Process 44

3.5.1.3 Post-Production Process of Paints 44

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Chapter Four

4.0 Conclusion and Recommendation 47

4.1 Conclusion 47

4.2 Recommendation 47

4.3 Relevance of Training to Engineering 48

References 49

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 LIST OF FIGURES

Fig 2.1: Gen-Savux Industries Nigeria Limited Organogram

Fig 3.1 Block Diagram of Operational Sections and Units in Gen-Savux Paint Factory 8

Fig 3.2: A Mixing Unit 21

Fig 3.3: Texcote Paint Mixing Equipment 22

Fig 3.4: Gloss Paint Mixing Equipment 22

Fig 3.5: Emulsion Paint Equipment (Mixing Vessel and Blade) 23

Fig 3.6: Laboratory Mixing Equipment 24

Fig 3.7: Basket Ball Mill 25

Fig 3.8: Screen Filter 26

Fig 3.9: 250kg Capacity Platform Weighing Scale 27

Fig 3.10: Laboratory Electronic Weighing Scale 27

Fig 3.11: 25kg Manual Weighing Pan Scale 28

Fig 3.12: Viscometer Clamp with Ford Viscosity Cup 29

Fig 3.13: Laboratory Stop Clock 30

Fig 3.14: Sample Chart Drying Box 31

Fig 3.15: Wheel Barrow 31

Fig 3.16: Shovel 32

Fig 3.17: Rubber Mallet 32

Fig 3.18: Scrapper 33

Fig 3.19: Hand Scoop 33

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Fig 3.20: Meshed Sieve 34

Fig 3.21: Cup used in measuring Density 35

Fig 3.22: Measuring Viscosity using Ford Cup 37

Fig 3.23: Measuring Viscosity using Viscometer 37

Fig 3.24: Measuring Fineness using Hegman Device 38

Fig 3.25: Pulling Tools and Pulled Film 39

Fig 3.26: Measuring Hiding Power using Opacity Meter 39

Fig 3.27: Measuring Gloss Degree using Gloss Meter 40

Fig 3.31: Flow Diagram for Paint Manufacturing Process 45

Fig 3.32 Block Flow Diagram for Gen-Savux Paint Manufacturing Process 46

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 LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1: Alkyd length and Properties

13

Table 3.2: Classification of Solvent According to Principle of Work

14

Table 3.3: Classification of Solvent According Chemical Structure

15

Table 3.4: Colors and its Pigment 16

Table 3.5: Paint Additives 17

Table 3.6: Percentage by Mass of Components used in making Gen-Savux Paints 43

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