INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING

(Autonomous)
Dundigal, Hyderabad - 500 043

AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING
QUESTION BANK

Course Title AEROSPACE PROPULSION

Course Code AAEC14
Program B.Tech
Semester V AE
Course Type Core
Regulation IARE -
UG20
Theory Practical
Course Structure Lecture Tutorials Credits Laboratory Credits
3 1 4 - -
Course Coordinator Mr A.Lakshmi Srinivas, Assistant Professor

COURSE OBJECTIVES:
The students will try to learn:

I The description of the solar system, basic concepts of orbital mechanics, and space
mission parameters emphasises for analysis of launch trajectory problems.
II The fundamentals of chemical rocket propulsion, types of igniters and performance
considerations for long-duration applications.
III The working principle of solid and liquid propellant rockets and gain basic
knowledge of hybrid rocket propulsion used for augmenting the thrust of an rocket
engine.
IV The governing physics of electric propulsion, Ion propulsion and nuclear rocket
thrusters used for comparison with chemical rocket propulsion.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
After successful completion of the course, students should be able to:
CO 1 Identify the equations of various orbits for Launch vehicle ascent Apply
trajectories.
CO 2 Classify the operating principles of rocket engines for determining Analyze
the performance characteristics of various multistage rocket.
 CO 3 Discuss propellant grain design concepts implemented in solid Understand
rocket propulsion for selecting optimal grain design based on
requirements.
CO 4 Identify various erosive burning and combution instability Apply
performance parameters for determine the burning rate and
combution characteristics.
CO 5 Compare different propellant concepts implemented in rocket Understand
motor for identifying the optimal combinations based on particular
application.
CO 6 Make use of the concepts of electric propulsion systems for Apply
selecting the suitable technique as per the mission requirements.

QUESTION BANK:
Q.No QUESTION Taxonomy
How does this subsume CO’s
the level
MODULE I
PRINCIPLES OF ROCKET PROPULSION
PART A-PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
1 The space shuttle Atlantis Apply The learner will try to CO 1
orbiter was reported to recall the motion of body
weigh 239 255 lb just prior equation and then
to lift-off. On orbit 18 at an Understand the concept of
altitude of about 350 km, orbital velocity and solve
the orbiter’s weight was the problem
reported to be 236 900 lb.
(a) What was the mass, in
kilograms, of Atlantis on the
launch pad and in orbit? (b)
If no mass were lost between
launch and orbit 18, what
would have been the weight
of Atlantis in pounds?
2 Determine an equation for Apply The learner will try to CO 1
the ideal velocity of rocket recall Newton’s law of
in terms of payload ratio, motion and then derive the
structural efficiency and ideal rocket equation and
specific impulse Apply it in determining
specific impulse and payload
ratio

Page 2
3 Calculate the altitude Apply The learner will try to CO 1
zGEO and speed vGEO of a recall the motion of body
geostationary earth satellite. equation and then
The speed of the satellite in Understand the concept of
its circular GEO of radius orbital velocity and solve
398 600 Km On the other the problem
hand, the speed vGEO
along its circular path is
related to the absolute
angular velocity E =
72.9217 Ö 106 rad/sof the
earth by the kinematics
formula
4 An earth satellite is in an Apply The learner will try to CO 1
orbit with perigee altitude recall the motion of body
zp = 400 km and an equation and then
eccentricity e = 0.6. Find Understand the concept of
(a) the perigee velocity, vp; orbital velocity and solve
(b) the apogee radius, ra; the problem
(c) the semimajor axis, a;
(d) the
true-anomaly-averaged
radiusr¯; (e) the apogee
velocity; (f) the period of
the orbit; (g) the true
anomaly when r = ¯r; (h)
the satellite speed when r =
¯r; (i) the flight path angle
when r = ¯r; (j) the
maximum flight path angle
max and the true anomaly
at which it occurs. The
strategy is always to go
after the primary orbital
parameters, eccentricity and
angular momentum, first. In
this problem we are given
the eccentricity, so we will
first seek h. that µ = 398
600 km3 /s 2 and also that
RE = 6378 km.

Page 3
5 At two points on a Apply The learner will try to CO 1
geocentric orbit the altitude recall the motion of body
and true anomaly are z1 = equation and then
1545 km, 1 = 126ž and z2 = Understand the concept of
852 km, 2 = 58ž, orbital velocity and solve
respectively. Find (a) the the problem
eccentricity; (b) the altitude
of perigee; (c) the
semimajor axis; and (d) the
period.
6 The perigee of a satellite in Apply The learner will try to CO 1
a parabolic geocentric recall the motion of body
trajectory is 7000 km. Find equation and then
the distance d between Understand the concept of
points P1 and P2 on the orbital velocity and solve
orbit which are 8000 km the problem
and 16 000 km, respectively,
from the center of the earth.
7 At the end of a rocket Apply The learner will try to CO 1
launch of a space vehicle the recall the thrust equation
burnout velocity is 9km/sec and then Understand the
in a direction due north and concept of trajectory
30 above the local horizon. calculation and solve the
The altitude above the sea problem
level is 1000km.The burnout
point is located at the 27th
parallel above the
equator.Calculate and plot
the trajectory of the space
vehicle.
8 A rocket motor burns Apply The learner will try to CO 1
propellant at rate of 50 recall the thrust equation
kg/s. The exhaust speed is and then Understand the
3500 m/s and the nozzle is concept of Specific impulse
perfectly expanded, and payload ratio and solve
Calculate the rocket thrust the problem
in KN and motor specific
Impulse

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9 A small two-stage vehicle is Apply The learner will try to CO 1
to propel a 10 kg payload to recall the thrust equation
a speed of 6.2 km/s. The and then Understand the
properties of the stages are: concept of Specific impulse
for the first stage, Isp = 300 and payload ratio and solve
s and = 0.2; for the second the problem
stage, Isp = 235 s and =
0.3. Estimate the optimum
mass of the vehicle.
10 Determine the burnout Apply The learner will try to CO 1
velocity of a projectile recall the concept of
without drag in a vertical trajectory calculation and
trajectory with the following solve the problem
parameters c=2209m/s
mp/mo=0.57,tb=5sec and
u=ho=0
PART-B LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 Illustrate briefly four major Understand The learner will try to recall CO 1
subsystems of rocket and the thrust equation and
explain three main key then explain the parameters
parameters for Rocket
Engine design.
2 Write down advantages of Understand The learner will try to recall CO 1
multi staging of rockets over the various aerodynamic
single staging forces and then explain the
various components of drag
3 How rockets can be Understand The learner will try to CO 1
classified and What is the recall the various
stage of development of classification of Then
each type. explain with a flow chart
various classes of rockets.
4 Explain how vehicle Understand The learner will try to CO 1
optimization is carried out recall stage launch vehicle
for an stage launch vehicle and optimization designed
5 Determine Tsiolkovsky Understand The learner will try to CO 1
equation recall Newton’s law of
motion and then derive the
ideal rocket equation and
Apply it in determining
specific impulse and payload
ratio
6 Explain the various methods Understand The learner will try to CO 1
used to stabilize rockets recall the various methods
used to stabilize rockets

Page 5
7 Discuss the concept of Understand The learner will try to CO 1
rocket dispersion recall the various concept
considerations with neat of rocket dispersion
sketch considerations
8 Elucidate briefly various Understand The learner will try to CO 1
Rocket performance recall the thrust equation
parameters with equations and then explain the
parameters
9 Write down advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 1
multi staging of rockets over recall the various
single staging aerodynamic forces and
then explain the various
components of drag
10 Define mass ratio, pay load Understand The learner will try to CO 1
ratio, propellant ratio and recall the operation
structural efficiency of a principle mass ratio, pay
multi stage rocket system load ratio, propellant ratio
and of individual stages and structural efficiency of a
multi stage rocket system
and of individual stages
11 Explain how vehicle Understand The learner will try to CO 1
optimization is carried out recall the vehicle
for an stage launch vehicle optimization is carried out
for an stage launch vehicle
12 What factors promote Understand The learner will try to CO 1
smooth stage separation for recall the operation
a multistage vehicle principle of smooth stage
separation for a multistage
vehicle
13 Defind frame of reference Understand The learner will try to CO 1
recall the frame of reference
14 Differentiate between Understand The learner will try to CO 1
geosynchronous orbit and recall the geosynchronous
geostationary orbit orbit and geostationary
orbit
15 What is launch Phase and Understand The learner will try to CO 1
Objective Injection Phase recall the launch Phase and
Objective Injection Phase
16 Compare Heliocentric and Understand The learner will try to CO 1
aerocentric orbit recall the operation
principle Heliocentric and
aerocentric orbit

Page 6
17 Mention the fundamentals Understand The learner will try to CO 1
assumptions behind the recall the fundamentals
Hohmann transefer assumptions behind the
Hohmann transefer
18 Specify differents orbits Understand The learner will try to CO 1
than Keplerian ORBITS recall the Keplerian Orbits
19 What are the various layers Understand The learner will try to CO 1
of atmosphere recall the the various layers
of atmosphere
20 Derive the orbital velocity Understand The learner will try to CO 1
for circular orbit from the recall the the orbital
fundamentals velocity for circular orbit
from the fundamentals
PART-C SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 1
multi-stage rocket vehicles recall the advantages of
multi-stage rocket vehicles
2 What is the need of Remember The learner will try to CO 1
multi-staging a rocket recall the need of
multi-staging a rocket
3 What is the need of Remember The learner will try to CO 1
multi-staging a rocket recall the multi-staging a
rocket
4 Define payload fraction and Remember The learner will try to CO 1
mass ratio recall the payload fraction
and mass ratio
5 Describe the various Understand The learner will try to recall CO 1
separation systems used in a various separation systems
rocket, clearly identifying used in a rocket, clearly
the separations that can be identifying the separations
accomplished by these that can be accomplished by
systems (e.g,, separation of these systems
parallel stages, heat shield
separation)
6 State Tsiolkovsky rocket Understand The learner will try to recall CO 1
equation and define the Tsiolkovsky formula
terms.
7 Define the term center of Remember - CO 1
pressure and center of
gravity
8 Define the terms Effective Remember - CO 1
exhaust velocity and specific
Impulse equation of a
Rocket

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9 What are various Remember - CO 1
aerodynamic forces acting
on rocket
10 Draw a flow chart on how Remember - CO 1
missiles are classified
11 What is meant by parallel Understand The learner will try to CO 1
staging and explain its recall parallel staging and
advantages over other explain its advantages over
staging techniques other staging techniques
12 Sketch the various forces Understand The learner will try to CO 1
and moments acting on a recall various forces and
rocket moments acting on a rocket
13 what are the various phases Understand The learner will try to CO 1
of launch trajectory? recall the various phases of
launch trajectoryexplain
various guided missiles
14 Explain the coasting phase Understand The learner will try to CO 1
during launching of recall the coasting phase
satellite? during launching of satellite
15 Derive the orbital velocity Understand The learner will try to CO 1
for circular orbit recall the orbital velocity
for circular orbit
16 Derive the apogee velocity Understand The learner will try to CO 1
of elliptical orbit recall the apogee velocity
of elliptical orbit
17 Derive the perigee velocity Understand The learner will try to CO 1
of elliptical orbit recall the perigee velocity
of elliptical orbit
18 Derive the orbital period of Understand The learner will try to CO 1
circular orbit recall the the orbital period
of circular orbit
19 Derive the orbital periods of Understand The learner will try to CO 1
elliptical orbits recall the the orbital
periods of elliptical orbits
20 What do you understand by Understand The learner will try to CO 1
SSTO and TSTO recall the operation
principle understand by
SSTO and TSTO

Page 8
 MODULE II
FUNDAMENTALS OF ROCKET PROPULSION
PART-A PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
1 What are the V’s of the Apply The learner will try to CO 2
maneuvers to be executed in recall the motion of body
the pericenter of the equation and then
hyperbola’s at Earth and Understand the concept of
Mercury? What is the total orbital velocity and solve
V?If you could not answer the problem
question (d), use values of
7.0 and 9.0 km/s for the
excess velocities at Earth
and Mercury, respectively.
If you could not answer
question (e), use values of
7.0 and 2.0 km/s for the
circular velocity around
Earth and Mercury,
respectively. Data:
Sun=1.3271Ö1011 km3 /s2 ;
Earth=398600 km3 /s2 ;
Mercury=22034 km3 /s2 ;
REarth=6378.137 km;
RMercury=2440 km;
distance Earth-Sun = 1 AU;
distance Mercury-Sun =
0.387 AU; 1 AU =
149.6Ö106 km.
2 Consider the situation Apply The learner will try to CO 2
where the semi-major axis recall the motion of body
has a value of 7300 km, j = equation and then
478 and k = 35. What is Understand the concept of
the required inclination for orbital velocity and solve
the satellite to be in a the problem
circular Earth-repeat orbit?
3 Consider the situation Apply The learner will try to CO 2
where the semi-major axis recall the motion of body
has a value of 7300 km, j = equation and then
493 and k = 35. What is Understand the concept of
the required inclination for orbital velocity and solve
the satellite to be in a the problem
circular Earth-repeat orbit?

Page 9
4 Calculate the velocity of an Apply The learner will try to CO 2
artificial satellite orbiting recall the motion of body
the Earth in a circular orbit equation and then
at an altitude of 200 km Understand the concept of
above the Earth’s surface. orbital velocity and solve
the problem
5 An artificial satellite Apply The learner will try to CO 2
orbiting the Earth in a recall the motion of body
circular orbit at an altitude equation and then
of 200 km above the Earth’s Understand the concept of
surface.Calculate the period orbital velocity and solve
of revolution for the satellite the problem
6 Calculate the radius of orbit Apply The learner will try to CO 2
for a Earth satellite in a recall the motion of body
geosynchronous orbit, where equation and then
the Earth’s rotational Understand the concept of
period is 86,164.1 seconds. orbital velocity and solve
the problem
7 An artificial Earth satellite Apply The learner will try to CO 2
is in an elliptical orbit which recall the motion of body
brings it to an altitude of equation and then
250 km at perigee and out Understand the concept of
to an altitude of 500 km at orbital velocity and solve
apogee. Calculate the the problem
velocity of the satellite at
both perigee and apogee.
8 A two stage, sounding Apply The learner will try to CO 2
rocket has the following recall the concept of
properties: First stage: m0 burnout calculation and
= 249.5 kg mf = 170.1 kg solve the problem
m˙ e = 10.61 kg/s Isp = 235
s Second stage: m0 = 113.4
kg mf = 58.97 kg m˙ e =
4.053 kg/s Isp = 235 s
Delay time between burnout
of first stage and ignition of
second stage: 3 seconds.As
a preliminary estimate,
neglect drag and the
variation of earth’s gravity
with altitude to calculate
the maximum height
reached by the second stage
after burnout.

Page 10
9 A two-stage launch vehicle Apply The learner will try to CO 2
has the following properties: recall the concept of
First stage: 2 solid payload mass calculation
propellant rockets. Each and solve the problem
one has a total mass of 525
000 kg, 450 000 kg of which
is propellant. Isp = 290 s.
Second stage: 2 liquid
rockets with Isp = 450 s.
Dry mass = 30 000 kg,
propellant mass = 600 000
kg. Calculate the payload
mass to a 300 km orbit if
launched due east from
KSC. Let the total gravity
and drag loss be 2 km/s.
10 Consider a rocket Apply The learner will try to CO 2
comprising three similar recall the concept of
stages (i.e., each stage has payload mass frcation and
the same specific impulse, ideak velocity calculation
structural ratio and payload and solve the problem
ratio). The common specific
impulse is 310 s. The total
mass of the vehicle is 150
000 kg, the total structural
mass (empty mass) is 20
000 kg and the payload
mass is 10 000 kg. Calculate
(a) The mass ratio n and
the total v for the
three-stage rocket. Ans.: n
= 2.04, v = 6.50 km/s (b)
mp1 , mp2 , and mp3 . (c)
mE1 , mE2 and mE3 . (d)
m01 , m02 and m03 .
PART-B LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What is the fundamental Understand The learner will try to CO 2
principle of rocket recall the fundamental
propulsion? principle of rocket
propulsion
2 Derive the rocket equation Understand The learner will try to CO 2
for propulsion system. recall the rocket equation
for propulsion system.

Page 11
3 Why stagging in required Understand The learner will try to CO 2
for rocket. Justify your recall the stagging in
answer. required for rocket
4 What is specific impulse? Understand The learner will try to CO 2
recall the specific impulse
5 why nozzles are used in Understand The learner will try to CO 2
rocket? recall the concept of nozzle
flows
6 Classify the nozzles with Understand The learner will try to CO 2
neat sketch? recall the concept of nozzle
flows
7 In C-D nozzle temperature Understand The learner will try to CO 2
reduces at exit, explain with recall the concept of nozzle
isentropic equation. flows
8 Explain the performance Understand The learner will try to CO 2
character of rockets. recall the concept of nozzle
flows
9 Which type rockets are used Understand The learner will try to CO 2
for long the flight duration? recall the type rockets are
Explain the reason. used for long the flight
duration
10 What are the critical Understand The learner will try to CO 2
characteristics using an recall the the critical
Aerospike Nozzle? Why are characteristics using an
conventional rocket engines Aerospike Nozzle
not having Aerospike
nozzles?
11 What are the methods to Understand The learner will try to CO 2
augment rocket lift pulse recall the operation
rocket motors, principle of the methods to
augment rocket lift pulse
rocket motors
12 What do you understand by Understand The learner will try to CO 2
pulse rocket motor? recall the operation
principle of understand by
pulse rocket motor
13 List the sub-systems of Understand The learner will try to CO 2
rocket. recall the operation
principle sub-systems of
rocket.

Page 12
14 What do you understand by Understand The learner will try to CO 2
static testing? Which recall the operation
parameters are measured or principle of static testing
monitored during static
testing of rockets?
15 Why safety is essential UnderstandThe learner will try to CO 2
during mission recall the operation
principle of safety is
essential during mission
16 What do you understand by Understand The learner will try to CO 2
launch assistance? recall the launch assistance
17 What is state vector and Understand The learner will try to CO 2
explain its significance recall the state vector and
its significance
18 State and explain the 3 Understand The learner will try to CO 2
planetary motion law of recall planetary motion law
Keplar of Keplar
19 What is the difference Understand The learner will try to CO 2
between geodetic and recall the geodetic and
geo-centric co-ordinate geo-centric co-ordinate
system system
20 Why communication Understand The learner will try to CO 2
satellites are placed in recall the communication
equatorial plane satellites are placed in
equatorial plane
PART-C SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 Explain the performance of Remember The learner will try to CO 2
the rocket engine. recall the performance of
the rocket engine
2 What is thrust coefficient? Remember The learner will try to CO 2
recall the thrust coefficient
3 Define specific propellant Remember The learner will try to CO 2
consumption recall the specific
propellant consumption
4 Define altitude. Remember The learner will try to CO 2
recall the altitude.
5 What is the advantage of Remember The learner will try to CO 2
bell nozzle over conical recall the advantage of bell
nozzle? nozzle over conical nozzle
6 Define characteristic Remember The learner will try to CO 2
velocity. recall the characteristic
velocity

Page 13
7 Define overall efficiency. Remember The learner will try to CO 2
recall the overall efficiency
8 Define thermal efficiency. Remember The learner will try to CO 2
recall the thermal efficiency
9 Define effective jet velocity. Remember The learner will try to CO 2
recall the effective jet
velocity
10 What are the classifications Understand The learner will try to CO 2
of rocket engine recall the classifications of
rocket engine
11 What is under expanded Understand The learner will try to CO 2
nozzle? recall the operation
principle under expanded
nozzle
12 What is over expanded Understand The learner will try to CO 2
nozzle recall the operation
principle of over expanded
nozzle
13 In rocket engine, how the Understand The learner will try to CO 2
propulsive efficiency varies recall the the propulsive
with respect to speed ratio efficiency varies with respect
to speed ratio
14 What is weight flow ratio Understand The learner will try to CO 2
recall the weight flow ratio
15 What are the methods to Understand The learner will try to CO 2
augment rocket lift pulse recall the the methods to
rocket motors, augment rocket lift pulse
rocket motors
16 What do you understand by Understand The learner will try to CO 2
pulse rocket motor? static recall the operation
testing of rockets and principle of pulse rocket
instrumentation motor
17 What do you understand by Understand The learner will try to CO 2
static testing? Which recall the static testing
parameters are measured or
monitored during static
testing of rockets?
18 List down three instruments Understand The learner will try to CO 2
used in rockets. Explain the recall the instruments used
functionality of each in rockets
instruments.
19 Explain the performance Understand The learner will try to CO 2
character of rockets. recall the performance
character of rockets.

Page 14
20 Why safety is essential Understand The learner will try to CO 2
during mission recall the essential during
mission
MODULE III
SOLID ROCKET PROPULSION
PART A-PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
1 The regression rates of a Apply The learner will try to CO 3
solid propellant are found to recall the concept of
be 22 and 39 mm/s at regression rates and burning
chamber pressure of 5 and rate of a solid propellant
15 MPa, respectively. calculation and solve the
Determine the chamber problem
pressure when the
regression rate is 27 mm/s
2 The regression rate happens Apply The learner will try to CO 3
to be 29 mm/s at an recall the concept of
unburnt temperature of regression rates and burning
10°C, and chamber pressure rate of a solid propellant
of 6.5 MPa, which is calculation and solve the
governed by Saint–Robert’s problem
law. If the temperature
sensitivity of the burning
rate happens to be 0.006
per °C and pressure index is
0.65, determine the new
burning rate at unburnt
temperature of 45°C?
3 A side burning hollow Apply The learner will try to CO 3
solid-propellant grain of 5 m recall the concept of
length with inner and outer regression rates and burning
diameter 0.37 and 0.82 m, rate of a solid propellant
respectively is to be calculation and solve the
designed. The burning rate problem
is 1.2 cm/s. The combustion
chamber pressure and gas
temperature downstream of
the grain are 2.17 MPa and
2580 K, respectively.
Estimate (1) the static
pressure ratio p2/p1 and (2)
the Mach number M2
downstream of the grain.
Take P = propellant density
= 1875 kg/m3. = 1.2, MW
= 20.

Page 15
4 A booster solid-propellant Apply The learner will try to CO 3
rocket engine with recall the concept of
characteristic velocity of regression rates and burning
1675 m/s, thrust coefficient rate of a solid propellant
of 1.2, and chamber pressure calculation and solve the
of 8.9 MPa is used to carry problem
a payload of 220 kg. The
initial total mass of the
rocket engine happens to be
10,500 kg. The propellant
with a density of 1685
kg/m3 follows the regression
rate law r aPc = n where a
= 1.75, Pc is the chamber
pressure in atmosphere, n =
0.45, and r is in mm/s. If it
is subjected to an initial
acceleration of 1.6g,
determine the throat
diameter of the booster
rocket and the initial
burning area.
5 A designer has proposed to Apply The learner will try to CO 3
use propellant grain with recall the concept of
rectangular cross section 0.5 regression rates and burning
Ö 0.5 with an outer rate of a solid propellant
diameter of 1.5 m and calculation and solve the
length of 2.5 m. If the problem
density of the propellant is
1295 kg/m3, determine the
sliver mass of the propellant
grain and the percentage of
sliver mass compared to the
initial propellant mass at
the end of its operation.

Page 16
6 During the burning of a Apply The learner will try to CO 4
solid propellant with a recall the concept of
specific heat of 925 J/kg K, regression rates and burning
a diffusion flame with a rate of a solid propellant
temperature of 3200 K calculation and solve the
occurs at 150 m from its problem
surface with a temperature
of 750 K. The thermal
conductivity of gas
generated during the
burning of the propellant is
0.65 W/m K and the heat
of pyrolysis is 56 kJ/kg.
Determine the regression of
the solid propellant
considering a thermal model
for its combustion.
7 A solid-propellant rocket Apply The learner will try to CO 4
engine is designed to recall the concept of
operate in a chamber regression rates and burning
pressure and temperature of rate of a solid propellant
5.6 MPa and 3250 K, calculation and solve the
respectively. This solid problem
propellant has a density of
1635 kg/m3 that produces
gas with a molecular mass
of 25 kg/kmol and specific
heat ratio of 1.25.
Determine the burning to
the throat area if its
regression rate law follows r
aPc = n where a = 1.25, Pc
is the chamber pressure in
atmosphere, n = 0.75, and r
is in mm/s. When the
burning to throat area
increases at a rate of 0.9the
chamber pressure to be
tripled.

Page 17
8 A radial burning diverging Apply The learner will try to CO 4
cone cylindrical grain with recall the concept of
outer diameter of 430 mm regression rates and burning
and length of 0.5 m has a rate of a solid propellant
port diameter of 120 mm at calculation and solve the
the aft end and 150 mm at problem
the rear end of the grain. If
the throat diameter
happens to be 45 mm,
determine the maximum
web thickness, initial
chamber pressure, and mass
of sliver. Note that this
solid-propellant rocket
engine has the characteristic
velocity of 1595 m/s with a
propellant density of 1785
kg/m3. Its regression rate
law follows r aPc = n where
a = 0.14, Pc is the chamber
pressure in atmosphere, n =
0.45, and r is in mm/s.
9 During the burning of a Apply The learner will try to CO 4
solid propellant with a recall the concept of
specific heat of 925 J/kg K, regression rates and burning
a diffusion flame with a rate of a solid propellant
temperature of 3200 K calculation and solve the
occurs at 150 m from its problem
surface with a temperature
of 750 K. The thermal
conductivity of gas
generated during the
burning of the propellant is
0.65 W/m K and the heat
of pyrolysis is 56 kJ/kg.
Determine the regression of
the solid propellant
considering a thermal model
for its combustion.

Page 18
10 A solid-propellant rocket Apply The learner will try to CO 4
engine is designed to recall the concept of
operate in a chamber regression rates and burning
pressure and temperature of rate of a solid propellant
5.6 MPa and 3250 K, calculation and solve the
respectively. This solid problem
propellant has a density of
1635 kg/m3 that produces
gas with a molecular mass
of 25 kg/kmol and specific
heat ratio of 1.25.
Determine the burning to
the throat area if its
regression rate law follows r
aPc = n where a = 1.25, Pc
is the chamber pressure in
atmosphere, n = 0.75, and r
is in mm/s. When the
burning to throat area
increases at a rate of 0.9the
chamber pressure to be
tripled.
PART-B LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What are the various Understand The learner will try to CO 3
components of a typical recall the various
solid-propellant rocket components of a typical
engine (SPRE) solid-propellant rocket
engine (SPRE)
2 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 3
SPRE over LPRE recall the advantages of
SPRE over LPRE
3 Describe the physical Understand The learner will try to CO 3
processes during recall the physical
solid-propellant burning processes during
with a neat sketch. solid-propellant burning
with a neat sketch
4 What are the zones during Understand The learner will try to CO 3
DB solid-propellant recall the the zones during
burning? Show them with a DB solid-propellant burning
neat sketch.
5 What are the zones during Understand The learner will try to CO 3
campsite solid-propellant recall the the zones during
burning? Show them with a campsite solid-propellant
neat sketch. burning

Page 19
6 What is a strand burner? Understand The learner will try to CO 3
Show its components and recall strand burner and its
their functions. components and their
functions
7 What is meant by regression Understand The learner will try to CO 3
rate? recall the regression rate
8 Why is radial burning grain Understand The learner will try to CO 3
preferred over end burning recall the radial burning
grain? grain preferred over end
burning grain
9 What is erosive burning? Understand The learner will try to CO 3
What are the ways by which recall the erosive burning
erosive burning can be
avoided?
10 What are the effects of Understand The learner will try to CO 3
acceleration on the linear recall the effects of
regression rate? acceleration on the linear
regression rate
11 What are the effects of Understand The learner will try to CO 4
acceleration on the linear recall the effects of
regression rate? acceleration on the linear
regression rate
12 What are the ways of Understand The learner will try to CO 4
augmenting the regression recall the augmenting the
rate regression rate
13 Describe the ignition Understand The learner will try to CO 4
processes in an SPRE. recall the the ignition
processes in an SPRE
14 What do you mean by Understand The learner will try to CO 4
ignition delay time? How is recall the operation
it different from ignition principle of ignition delay
time? time
15 What do you mean by Understand The learner will try to CO 4
action time? How is it recall the action time
different from burn time?
16 What are the types of grain Understand The learner will try to CO 4
you are aware of based on recall the grain you are
their geometry? aware of based on their
geometry
17 What are the differences Understand The learner will try to CO 4
between end and side recall the side burning
burning grains? Why is side grains
burning grain preferred for
missile application?

Page 20
18 What are the Understand The learner will try to CO 4
three-dimensional grains recall the operation
you are aware? Describe principle of the
them with relative merits three-dimensional grains
and demerits.
19 What is regressive burning Understand The learner will try to CO 4
grain? How is it different recall the operation
from progressive burning principle of regressive
grain? burning grain
20 Why is neutral burning Understand The learner will try to CO 4
grain preferred over other recall the neutral burning
types of grain? grain
PART-C SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What is meant by grain? Remember The learner will try to CO 3
recall the grain design.
2 How is a pyrotechnic igniter Remember The learner will try to CO 3
different from a pyrogen recall the pyrotechnic
igniter? Enumerate their igniter different from a
relative merits and demerits. pyrogen igniter
3 What are the basic Remember The learner will try to CO 3
combustion processes recall the combustion
processes in rocket engine.
4 What are the advantages of Remember The learner will try to CO 3
solid propellant rocket recall the advantages of
engine solid propellant rocket
engine
5 What are the disadvantages Remember The learner will try to CO 3
of solid propellant rocket recall the disadvantages of
engine solid propellant rocket
engine
6 Define Mixture ratio Remember The learner will try to CO 3
recall the Mixture ratio
7 Define burning rate. Remember The learner will try to CO 3
recall the Mixture ratio
8 What the conditions of Remember The learner will try to CO 3
maximum propulsive recall the burning rate
efficiency
9 What are the properties of Remember The learner will try to CO 3
propellants? recall the properties of
propellants
10 What do you mean by Remember The learner will try to CO 3
double-base propellant? recall the double-base
How is it different from propellant
composite propellants?

Page 21
11 What are the ingredients of Understand The learner will try to CO 4
a generic double base recall the the ingredients of
propellant? What are the a generic double base
functions of each ingredient? propellant
12 What are the ingredients of Understand The learner will try to CO 4
a generic composite recall the the ingredients of
propellant? What are the a generic composite
functions of each ingredient? propellant
13 What are the advanced Understand The learner will try to CO 4
solid propellants? Why are recall the advanced solid
they used in recent times? propellants
14 What are the criteria used Understand The learner will try to CO 4
for selecting solid recall the selecting solid
propellants? propellants
15 What are the most Understand The learner will try to CO 4
important physical recall the most important
properties of solid physical properties of solid
propellants used for propellants used for
selecting solid propellants. selecting solid propellants.
16 What are the physical and Understand The learner will try to CO 4
chemical properties of solid recall the physical and
propellants? Discuss each of chemical properties of solid
these properties. propellants
17 Define Mixture ratio. Understand The learner will try to CO 4
recall the Mixture ratio
18 What is bipropellant? Understand The learner will try to CO 4
recall the bipropellant
19 What do you mean by gel Understand The learner will try to CO 4
propellant? How is it recall the gel propellant
different from solid
propellants?
20 What do you mean by solid Understand The learner will try to CO 4
propellant? Give example recall the chemical
for chemical composition of composition of solid
solid propellant. propellant

Page 22
 MODULE IV
LIQUID AND HYBRID ROCKET PROPULSION
PART A- PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS
1 A small monopropellant Apply The learner will try to CO 5
liquid hydrazine rocket recall the concept of
engine is designed to volumetric flow rate of each
produce thrust of 25 N and liquid propellant calculation
Isp of 198, which is to be and solve the problem
operated for 5 h. Two layers
of alumina granules are used
for the catalyst bed with
blade loading BL of 3.75
g/cm2 · s. Determine
diameter of catalyst bed
and amount of hydrazine
required for this operation.
2 A hybrid propellant (HTPB Apply TThe learner will try to CO 5
+ O2) rocket engine is used recall the concept of
to develop a thrust of 115 volumetric flow rate of each
kN with an Isp of 340 s and liquid propellant calculation
a chamber pressure 3.5 and solve the problem
MPa. The cylindrical
HTPB fuel grain with an
outer diameter of 120 cm
undergoes combustion with
a mixture ratio of 1.5 and
produces an initial chamber
pressure of 3.5 MPa. If five
ports with an initial
diameter of 50 mm are used,
determine (1) mass flow rate
of the gaseous fuel and
liquid oxidizer, and (2)
regression rate and length of
grain.Use semiempirical
relations for the regression
rate as r CGnP c = m,
where pressure index, m, is
0.5; mass flux index, n, is
0.68; and regression rate, C,
is 4 Ö 107 for SI units. Take
the density of solid HTPB
= 1280 kg/m3, = 1.23,
molecular weight of HTPB
= 25 g/mol.

Page 23
3 liquid-propellant (MMH + Apply The learner will try to CO 5
N2O4) rocket engine is used recall the concept of
to develop a thrust of 1.2 kN volumetric flow rate of each
with characteristic velocity liquid propellant calculation
of 2050 m/s at chamber and solve the problem
pressure of 0.85 MPa and
MR of 1.6. If its thrust
coefficient CF happens to be
1.65, determine (1) throat of
nozzle, (2) m MMH andm N
O 2 4. For this, 10 elements
doublet impinging injection
system is used with
injection pressure of 1.5
MPa and discharge
coefficient of 0.96. By
considering MMH and
N2O4 to be 868 and 1442
kg/m3, determine diameter
of fuel and oxidizer orifices.
4 A liquid-propellant (UDMH Apply The learner will try to CO 5
+ N2O4) rocket engine is recall the concept of
used to develop a thrust of volumetric flow rate of each
4.5 kN with characteristic liquid propellant calculation
velocity of 2250 m/s at and solve the problem
chamber pressure of 3.85
MPa and OFR of 1.6. If its
thrust coefficient CF and
characteristic length happen
to be 1.45 and 1.5 m,
respectively, determine
combustion chamber volume
and volumetric flow rate of
each propellant by
considering UDMH and
N2O4 to be 791 and 1442
kg/m3.

Page 24
5 Determine the volume of N2 Apply The learner will try to CO 5
gas tank at 13 MPa and 298 recall the concept of
K required to pressurize volumetric flow rate of each
H2O2 propellant tank at 2.5 liquid propellant calculation
MPa in rocket engine that and solve the problem
produces 10 kN with Isp of
245 s at chamber pressure of
1.8 MPa for 40 s. Assume
that 1.5operation and
density of propellant is 1150
kg/m3.
6 liquid rocket engine is Apply The learner will try to CO 5
designed to supply 135 kN recall the concept of
of thrust with Isp = 275 s, volumetric flow rate of each
during which oxidizer–fuel liquid propellant calculation
ratio is maintained at and solve the problem
2.75.A single turbine with
mechanical efficiency of 0.95
is used to drive oxidizer (Ox
= 0.75) and fuel (F = 0.85)
pumps. The combustion
chamber pressure and
temperature are 7.5 MPa
and 3150 K, respectively.
The injection velocity for
oxidizer and fuel is
maintained at 65 and 85
m/s, respectively.
Determine the total power
of turbine if propellant tank
pressure for both fuel and
oxidizer is maintained at
0.25 MPa. Consider r r F =
950 Ox =1100 kg/m3 ,
kg/m3 .

Page 25
7 A liquid-propellant (UDMH Apply The learner will try to CO 5
+ N2O4) rocket engine is recall the concept of
used to develop a thrust of volumetric flow rate of each
4.5 kN with characteristic liquid propellant calculation
velocity of 2250 m/s at and solve the problem
chamber pressure of 3.85
MPa and OFR of 1.6. If its
thrust coefficient CF and
characteristic length happen
to be 1.45 and 1.5 m,
respectively, determine
combustion chamber volume
and volumetric flow rate of
each propellant by
considering UDMH and
N2O4 to be 791 and 1442
kg/m3.

Page 26
8 A hybrid propellant rocket Apply The learner will try to CO 5
engine consisting of HTPB recall the concept of
and a liquid oxidizer is used volumetric flow rate of each
to develop a thrust of 1.2 liquid propellant calculation
kN for a period of 150 s. A and solve the problem
cylindrical HTPB fuel grain
undergoes combustion with
a mixture ratio of 2.1 and
produces a chamber
pressure of 4.5 MPa at 3408
K using a nozzle with an
expansion ratio of 7.5 with
an initial mass flux rate of
39.2 kg/s m2. If its thrust
coefficient, CF , happens to
be 1.05 and characteristic
velocity is equal to 2750
m/s, determine (1) throat
diameter of the nozzle and
(2) mass flow rate of the
gaseous fuel and liquid
oxidizer. By considering
pressure index, m, to be 0.3,
mass flux index, n, to be
0.75; and regression rate, C,
to be 12.89 Ö 107,
determine the initial port
diameter. Take of HTPB =
1280 kg/m3, = 1.23,
molecular weight of HTPB
= 25 g/mol.
9 Determine the volume of N2 Apply The learner will try to CO 5
gas tank at 13 MPa and 298 recall the concept of
K required to pressurize volumetric flow rate of each
H2O2 propellant tank at 2.5 liquid propellant calculation
MPa in rocket engine that and solve the problem
produces 10 kN with Isp of
245 s at chamber pressure of
1.8 MPa for 40 s. Assume
that 1.5operation and
density of propellant is 1150
kg/m3.

Page 27
10 A liquid rocket engine is Apply The learner will try to CO 5
designed to supply 105 kN recall the concept of
of thrust with Isp = 250 s, volumetric flow rate of each
during which oxidizer–fuel liquid propellant calculation
ratio is maintained at 2.75. and solve the problem
A single turbine with
mechanical efficiency of 0.92
is used to drive oxidizer (Ox
= 0.65) and fuel (F = 0.75)
pumps. The combustion
chamber pressure and
temperature are 7.5 MPa
and 3150 K, respectively.
The injection velocity for
oxidizer and fuel is
maintained at 50 and 75
m/s, respectively.
Determine the total power
of turbine if propellant tank
pressure for both fuel and
oxidizer is maintained at
0.25 MPa. Consider r r F =
850 Ox =1200 kg/m3 ,
kg/m3 .
PART-B LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 How is a hybrid rocket Understand The learner will try to CO 5
different from a recall the concept of hybrid
liquid-propellant rocket rocket different from a
engine liquid-propellant rocket
engine
2 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 5
a hybrid rocket over a recall the concept of the
liquid-propellant rocket advantages of a hybrid
engine rocket over a
liquid-propellant rocket
engine
3 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 5
a hybrid rocket over a recall the concept of the
solid-propellant rocket advantages of a hybrid
engine rocket over a
solid-propellant rocket
engine

Page 28
4 What are the oxidizers Understand The learner will try to CO 5
commonly used for a hybrid recall the the oxidizers
rocket engine commonly used for a hybrid
rocket engine
5 What are the fuels Understand The learner will try to CO 5
commonly used for a hybrid recall the the fuels
rocket engine commonly used for a hybrid
rocket engine
6 Draw the schematic of a Understand The learner will try to CO 5
typical hybrid rocket engine recall thethe schematic of a
and explain each component typical hybrid rocket engine
7 Why is a multi-port grain Understand The learner will try to CO 5
preferred over a single-port recall the multi-port grain
grain preferred over a single-port
grain
8 Draw the schematic of a Remember The learner will try to CO 5
simplified model for the recall the combustion
combustion process in a process in a hybrid rocket
hybrid rocket engine engine
9 Derive a relationship for the Understand The learner will try to CO 5
regression rate of a recall the regression rate of
propellant in a hybrid a propellant in a hybrid
rocket engine. rocket engine.
10 What do you mean by mass Understand The learner will try to CO 5
flux rate? Why is it used for recall the concept of mass
regression rate expression flux rate
11 What are the differences Understand The learner will try to CO 5
between liquid-propellant recall the the differences
and solidpropellant rocket between liquid-propellant
engines and solidpropellant rocket
engines
12 What are the shapes of Understand The learner will try to CO 5
combustion chamber that recall the shapes of
can be used in LPRE? combustion chamber that
Which one is preferred and can be used in LPRE
why?
13 What do you mean by Understand The learner will try to CO 5
Chuff? Why does it occur recall the operation
in liquid-propellant rocket principle of liquid-propellant
engine (LPRE)? rocket engine (LPRE)
14 What are the methods used Understand The learner will try to CO 5
for suppression of recall the combustion
combustion instability in instability in LPRE
LPRE?

Page 29
15 What are the types of Understand The learner will try to CO 5
igniters used for recall the types of igniters
liquid-propellant rocket used for liquid-propellant
engine? rocket engine
16 What is a pyrotechnic Understand The learner will try to CO 5
igniter? How is it different recall the operation
from catalytic igniter? principle pyrotechnic igniter
17 What is a resonance igniter? Understand The learner will try to CO 5
How is it different from recall the operation
spark plug igniter? resonance igniter
18 Why is the cooling of nozzle Understand The learner will try to CO 5
required for recall the the cooling of
liquid-propellant rocket nozzle required for
engine? liquid-propellant rocket
engine
19 What are the types of Understand The learner will try to CO 5
cooling methods adopted for recall the the types of
liquid rocket engine? cooling methods adopted for
liquid rocket engine
20 If you observe chugging Understand The learner will try to CO 5
sound in LPRE, what kind recall the instability
of frequency of the problems
combustion oscillation can
it experience? What are the
ways of alleviating this
instability problem?
PART-C SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What are the differences Remember The learner will try to CO 5
between liquid-propellant recall the differences
and solidpropellant rocket between liquid-propellant
engines? and solidpropellant rocket
engines
2 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 5
liquid-propellant engine over recall the advantages of
solidpropellant rocket liquid-propellant engine over
engine? solidpropellant rocket
engine
3 What are the disadvantages Remember The learner will try to CO 5
of liquid-propellant engine recall the disadvantages of
over solidpropellant rocket liquid-propellant engine over
engine? solidpropellant rocket
engine

Page 30
4 What is a monopropellant Remember The learner will try to CO 5
rocket engine? How is it recall the monopropellant
different from bipropellant rocket engine
rocket engine? What are its
applications?
5 What is hypergolic Remember The learner will try to CO 5
propellant combustion? recall the hypergolic
How is it different from propellant combustion
nonhypergolic propellant
combustion?
6 Define combustion delay Understand The learner will try to CO 5
time? How is it different recall the combustion delay
from chemical delay time? time
7 Define chemical delay time? Remember The learner will try to CO 5
How can it be determined recall the chemical delay
for liquid propellant? time
8 What do you mean by Understand The learner will try to CO 5
characteristic length L*? recall the concept
How is it different from characteristic length L*
combustion chamber length?
9 What do you mean by Remember he learner will try to recall CO 5
POGO instability? the concept POGO
instability
10 Why is cooling of nozzle Understand he learner will try to recall CO 5
throat critical for thermal the concept the cooling of
failure? How can this nozzle throat critical for
problem be overcome? thermal failure
11 How is a hybrid rocket Understand The learner will try to CO 5
different from a recall the hybrid rocket
liquid-propellant rocket different from a
engine? liquid-propellant rocket
12 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 5
a hybrid rocket over a recall the the advantages of
liquid-propellant rocket a hybrid rocket over a
engine? liquid-propellant rocket
engine
13 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 5
a hybrid rocket over a recall the advantages of a
solid-propellant rocket hybrid rocket over a
engine? solid-propellant rocket
engine

Page 31
14 What are the oxidizers Understand The learner will try to CO 5
commonly used for a hybrid recall the oxidizers
rocket engine? commonly used for a hybrid
rocket engine
15 What are the fuels Understand The learner will try to CO 5
commonly used for a hybrid recall the fuels commonly
rocket engine? used for a hybrid rocket
engine
16 Draw the schematic of a Understand The learner will try to CO 5
typical hybrid rocket engine recall the typical hybrid
and explain each rocket engine and explain
component? each component
17 Why is a multi-port grain Understand The learner will try to CO 5
preferred over a single-port recall the multi-port grain
grain? preferred over a single-port
grain
18 Draw the schematic of a Understand The learner will try to CO 5
simplified model for the recall the schematic of a
combustion process in a simplified model for the
hybrid rocket engine? combustion process in a
hybrid rocket engine
19 Derive a relationship for the Understand The learner will try to CO 5
regression rate of a recall the relationship for
propellant in a hybrid the regression rate of a
rocket engine. propellant in a hybrid
rocket engine.
20 What do you mean by mass Understand The learner will try to CO 5
flux rate? Why is it used for recall the mass flux rate
regression rate expression?
MODULE V
ADVANCED PROPULSION TECHNIQUES
PART A-PROBLEM SOLVING AND CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS)
1 A cesium ion rocket is Apply The learner will try to CO 6
designed to produce a recall the concept exit
specific impulse of 4500 s. velocity, characteristic
Determine the voltage and velocity, temperature of
beam power per unit thrust. propellant gas, thrust, and
If in place of Cs, Argon gas specific impulse for
is used, determine Isp and electrochemical rockets
power per unit thrust with calculation and solve the
same voltage. problem

Page 32
2 A 1.5 kW electrothermal Apply The learner will try to CO 6
rocket with hydrogen as recall the concept exit
propellant is designed and velocity, characteristic
developed for obtaining the velocity, temperature of
thrust coefficient of 1.8. propellant gas, thrust, and
The temperature should not specific impulse for
exceed the temperature electrochemical rockets
limit of tungsten filament calculation and solve the
(3200 K). Assuming the problem
mass flow rate of propellant
to be 0.2 g/s and thruster
efficiency of 0.75, determine
the exit velocity,
characteristic velocity,
temperature of propellant
gas, thrust, and specific
impulse for electrochemical
rockets.
3 An ion thruster is designed Apply The learner will try to CO 6
and developed to produce 75 recall the concept exit
mN with specific impulse of velocity, characteristic
2750. The cesium gas with velocity, temperature of
atomic mass of 2.21 Ö 1025 propellant gas, thrust, and
and charge-to-mass ratio of specific impulse for
7.25 Ö 105 is used as electrochemical rockets
propellant. If the thruster calculation and solve the
efficiency is 0.75, determine problem
loss per ion. If Isp is
increased by 501.6 Ö 1019 J.
4 A satellite with payload of Apply The learner will try to CO 6
85 kg is to be placed in low recall the concept exit
earth orbit using an ion velocity, characteristic
rocket with Isp of 2200, velocity, temperature of
thruster efficiency of 0.85, propellant gas, thrust, and
and thrust of 0.35 N. If the specific impulse for
operating duration is 20 electrochemical rockets
days and ratio between calculation and solve the
electrical power and mass of problem
power plant is 150 W/kg,
then determine the total
propellant mass, velocity
increase, and acceleration of
vehicle considering the ideal
vacuum condition.

Page 33
5 A resistojet with throat Apply The learner will try to CO 6
diameter of 2.4 mm is recall the concept exit
designed and developed velocity, characteristic
with helium as propellant velocity, temperature of
gas for maneuvering of a propellant gas, thrust, and
satellite. The propellant at specific impulse for
the chamber pressure of electrochemical rockets
0.35 MPa and temperature calculation and solve the
1200 K is expanded in a CD problem
nozzle with expansion ratio
of 81. Determine mass flow
rate, exit velocity,
characteristic velocity, and
specific impulse for this
rocket.
6 In an ion thruster, 1.5 g of Apply The learner will try to CO 6
positively charged xenon gas recall the concept exit
is charged to average charge velocity, characteristic
density of 15,750 C/kg. velocity, temperature of
Determine the electrostatic propellant gas, thrust, and
force experienced by these specific impulse for
charges while moving across electrochemical rockets
electrostatic field of 1.75 calculation and solve the
MV/m. If the distance problem
between the grid is 1.5 mm,
determine the work done on
the charge and final velocity.
7 In an electrostatic thruster, Apply The learner will try to CO 6
xenon gas with charge recall the concept exit
density of 2.7 Ö 104 C/kg is velocity, characteristic
passing through the velocity, temperature of
accelerator grids with propellant gas, thrust, and
voltage of 3.75 kV to specific impulse for
produce the thrust. If the electrochemical rockets
ion current happens to be calculation and solve the
0.35 A, determine velocity problem
of ions and thrust.

Page 34
8 An ion thruster is designed Apply The learner will try to CO 6
to produce specific impulse recall the concept exit
of 3500 s. The xenon gas velocity, characteristic
with charge density of 2.5 Ö velocity, temperature of
104 C/kg is passing through propellant gas, thrust, and
the accelerator grids with a specific impulse for
gap of 2.1 mm. If the electrochemical rockets
maximum allowable voltage calculation and solve the
is 10,550 V, determine space problem
charge current density limit
and the diameter of the
round beam for producing a
thrust of 7.5 N.
9 In an ion thruster with Apply The learner will try to CO 6
charge-to-mass ratio of 7145 recall the concept exit
C/kg, a grid voltage of 4500 velocity, characteristic
V is applied, which velocity, temperature of
consumes 125 kg xenon propellant gas, thrust, and
propellant for 8 days. specific impulse for
Determine the exit velocity, electrochemical rockets
thrust, and Isp of this ion calculation and solve the
thruster. problem
10 In an ion thruster, the Apply The learner will try to CO 6
xenon gas with charge recall the concept exit
density of 7.4 Ö 105 C/kg is velocity, characteristic
passing through the velocity, temperature of
accelerator grids with a gap propellant gas, thrust, and
of 0.5 mm and a voltage specific impulse for
difference of 1050 V. electrochemical rockets
Determine the exit velocity, calculation and solve the
specific impulse, efficiency, problem
and thrust-to-power ratio.
If the maximum voltage
difference between the grids
happens to be 1900 V,
determine the charge
current density limit of this
thruster. Determine the exit
velocity and specific
impulse.
PART-B LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What do you mean by arc Understand The learner will try to CO 6
heating of electrical rocket recall the concept of arc
engine heating of electrical rocket
engine.

Page 35
2 What are the types of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
electrical rocket engines recall the electrical rocket
engines
3 What is the Lorentz force? Understand The learner will try to CO 6
Can it be used for electrical recall the electrical thruster
thruster? Explain it with an
example.
4 What are the components of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
a typical resistojet recall the components of a
typical resistojet
5 Why is helium preferred in a Understand The learner will try to CO 6
resistojet over other gases? recall helium preferred in a
resistojet over other gases
6 What is the basic principle Understand The learner will try to CO 6
of arcjet? How is it different recall the basic principle of
from resistojet? arcjet
7 Explain the basic principle Understand The learner will try to CO 6
of electrostatic thruster? recall the the basic
principle of electrostatic
thruster
8 What are the gases that can Understand The learner will try to CO 6
be used as propellant for recall the gases that can be
electrostatic thruster? used as propellant for
electrostatic thruster
9 Define power efficiency of an Understand The learner will try to CO 6
ion thruster. How does it recall the power efficiency
depend on specific mass to of an ion thruster
charge density
10 How is ion rocket engine Understand The learner will try to CO 6
different from arc heating of recall the ion rocket engine
electrical rocket engine different from arc heating of
electrical rocket engine
11 What are the types of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
electromagnetic thrusters recall the types of
you are aware of electromagnetic thrusters
12 Why is swirling electron Understand The learner will try to CO 6
field used in a Hall recall the swirling electron
thruster? Explain it. field used in a Hall thruster
13 What are the types of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
electromagnetic thruster recall the the types of
you are aware of electromagnetic thruster
14 What is MPDT? Describe it Understand The learner will try to CO 6
with a diagram recall the MPDT

Page 36
15 How is self-excited MPDT Understand The learner will try to CO 6
different from applied recall the self-excited
magnetic MPDT MPDT different from
applied magnetic MPDT
16 What is PPT? How is it Understand The learner will try to CO 6
different from Hall thruster? recall the operation
principle of Hall thruster
17 What do you mean by solar Understand The learner will try to CO 6
thermal rocket engine? recall the operation
Explain its working principle of solar thermal
principle. rocket engine
18 Explain the basic principle Understand The learner will try to CO 6
of solid-core fission nuclear recall the operation
rocket engine. principle of solid-core fission
nuclear rocket engine.
19 What is the speciality of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
KIWI fuel element? recall the speciality of
Describe it with a diagram. KIWI fuel element
20 What is Pulsed Plasma Understand The learner will try to CO 6
Thruster? Describe it with recall the operation
a diagram. principle of Pulsed Plasma
Thruster.
PART-C SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
1 What is the principle of arc Remember The learner will try to CO 6
jet recall the principle of arc
jet
2 Explain the principle of ion Remember The learner will try to CO 6
propulsion. recall the principle of ion
propulsion
3 What is a Solar sail. Remember The learner will try to CO 6
recall the principle of Solar
sail
4 Explain the principle of Remember The learner will try to CO 6
electromagnetic thrusters recall the principle of
electromagnetic thrusters
5 Define burning time and Remember The learner will try to CO 6
action time recall the burning time and
action time
6 What is Neutral Burning Remember The learner will try to CO 6
recall the Neutral Burning
7 Define specific impulse. Understand The learner will try to CO 6
recall the specific impulse

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 8 Explain briefly about arc Remember The learner will try to CO 6
plasma rocket engine recall the arc plasma rocket
engine
9 Explain briefly about Ion Understand The learner will try to CO 6
rocket engine recall the Ion rocket engine
10 Briefly explain about the Understand The learner will try to CO 6
nuclear rocket engine with recall the nuclear rocket
diagram engine
11 Explain the concept of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
nozzle less propulsion with recall the concept of nozzle
example less propulsion with
example
12 Derive propulsive efficiency Understand The learner will try to CO 6
for rocket engine recall the propulsive
efficiency for rocket engine
13 What are the methods for Understand The learner will try to CO 6
ion generation recall the othe methods for
ion generation
14 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
electrical propulsion system recall the advantages of
electrical propulsion system
15 What are the disadvantages Understand The learner will try to CO 6
of electrical propulsion recall the disadvantages of
system electrical propulsion system
16 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
arc jet propulsion system recall the the advantages of
arc jet propulsion system
17 What are the disadvantages Understand The learner will try to CO 6
of arc jet propulsion system recall the the disadvantages
of arc jet propulsion system
18 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
ion jet propulsion system recall the advantages of ion
jet propulsion system
19 What are the disadvantages Understand The learner will try to CO 6
of ion jet propulsion system recall the disadvantages of
ion jet propulsion system
20 What are the advantages of Understand The learner will try to CO 6
pulsed plasma electrical recall the advantages of
propulsion system pulsed plasma electrical
propulsion system

Course Coordinator: HOD AE

Mr A.Lakshmi Srinivas, Assistant Professor

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