8

Mathematics
Quarter 1 –Module 9
Solving Problems Involving Systems of
Linear Equations in Two Variables by
Graphical Method
Substitution Method
Elimination Method
Mathematics – Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 9: Solving Problems Involving System of Linear Equations
In Two Variables by Graphical, Substitution, and Elimination
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for the exploitation of such work for a profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Schools Division Office of Quezon City

Local Government of Quezon City
Schools Division Superintendent Dr. Jenilyn Rose B. Corpuz
City Mayor Hon. Ma. Josefina Belmonte Alimurung

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Jocelyn E. Llagas and Rowen R. Magturo
Editors: Cecillia Paguia, Emylou Lansang, Cristina F. Abenorjar
Reviewers: Ansiluz H. Betco, Joel P. Feliciano, Ma. Nimfa R. Gabertan
Illustrator: Leilanie S. Yutiampo
Layout Artist: Heidee F. Ferrer, Brian Spencer B. Reyes
Management Team: JENILYN ROSE B. CORPUZ, CESO VI, SDS
FREDIE V. AVENDAÑO, ASDS
EBENEZER A. BELOY, OIC-CID
HEIDEE F. FERRER, EPS – LRMS
JOEL FELICIANO, EPS – Mathematics

Printed in the Philippines by the Schools Division Office of Quezon City

Department of Education – National Capital Region

Office Address: Nueva Ecija St., Bago Bantay, Quezon City

Telefax: 3456 - 0343

E-mail Address: [email protected]
 Mathematics 8
Quarter 1 – Module 9: Week 9

Lesson 1: Solving Systems of

Linear Equations In
Two Variables by Graphing
Lesson 2: Solving Systems of
Linear Equations In
Two Variables by Substitution
Lesson 3: Solving Systems of
Linear Equations In
Two Variables by Elimination
Lesson 4: Solving Word Problems
Involving Systems of
Linear Equations
In Two Variables
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Mathematics 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Solving
Problems Involving System of Linear Equations in Two Variables by Graphical Method, Substitution
Method, and Elimination Method.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators both from
public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher, or facilitator in helping the learners meet the
standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the needed
21st-century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage their learning.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included in
the module.
For the learner:
Welcome to the Mathematics 8 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Solving
Problems Involving System of Linear Equations in Two Variables by Graphical Method, Substitution
Method, and Elimination Method.
The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to depict
skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may learn, create, and accomplish. Hence, the hand
in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner are capable and empowered to successfully
achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies
in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the contents of
the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or

Know competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check

what you already know about the lesson to take. If
you get all the answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the

current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced

to you in various ways such as a story, a song, a
poem, a problem opener, an activity, or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice

to solidify your understanding and skills of the
topic. You may check the answers to the exercises
using the Answer Key at the end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity that will help you
transfer your new knowledge or skill in real-life
situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of

mastery in achieving the learning competency.
Additional In this portion, another activity will be given to you
Activities to enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson
learned. This also tends to the retention of learned
concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.
At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing this

module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module. Use a separate
sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult
your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain a deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
 What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written to help you learn in the easiest possible
way. Aside from learning lessons from the internet and any other learning materials, it will not only
serves as one of your tools to learn in solving systems of linear equations in two variables by
graphical, substitution, and elimination method but also will help you to familiarize and master the
concept of solving problems involving linear equations. The scope of this module provides
application in many different learning situations and can also be applied to a daily life situation. The
arrangement of the lessons follows the standard sequence of the course as provided by the
Department of Education.

The module is divided into four lessons, namely:

Lesson 1 - Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables
by Graphical Method
Lesson 2 - Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables
by Substitution Method
Lesson 3 - Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Two Variables
by Elimination Method
Lesson 4 - Solving Word Problems Involving Systems of Linear Equations in
Two Variables

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. solve systems of linear equations in two variables by graphical method;

2. solve systems of linear equations in two variables by substitution method;
3. solve systems of linear equations in two variables by the elimination method;
4. solve word problems involving systems of linear equations in two variables; and
5. show interest in the lesson by doing your assigned activities.

1
 Lesson Solving Systems of Linear
1 Equations in Two Variables
by Graphical Method
In this lesson, solving systems of linear equations in two variables by the graphical method
will enhance your talent in sketching straight lines because you can solve the solutions of the
systems not by algebraically, but it can be done by using your hand on a graph paper.

What I Know
Write the letter of the correct answer on a separate answer sheet.

1. Which is a solution of the equation x + 4y = 6?

A. (1, 2) B. (2, 1) C. (2, -1) D. (-2, 1)

2. Solve 2x + y = 8 graphically.
x – 3y = 4

A. (0, 8) B. (0, -4) C. (4, 0) D. (-4, 0)

x - y = -1
3. Which of the following ordered pairs satisfy the system?
2x – y = 2

A. (3, 4) B. (3, -4) C. (-3, 4) D. (4, 3)

4. The sum of the two numbers is 24. The second number is 7 times the first number? If x is
the first number, how will you represent the second number?

A. second number = 7 C. second number = 7x

B. second number = x + 7 D. second number = 72

2
5. Given the graph of the system of linear equations below, determine its solution.

A. (-1, 2) B. (0, 1) C. (-1, -1) D. (1, 0)

What’s In
From our previous lesson, you have learned the three kinds of systems of linear
equations and their characteristics, one of which is the independent and consistent system.
This system contains one solution because the graph of the lines intersects at only one point.
The illustration below shows an independent and consistent system.

Independent and Consistent system

3
 What’s New

Consider the graph of the system below. How do we solve the system, graphically?
1. Use the slope, y-intercept method; 2. Use the x-intercept and y-intercept method. Show
how in illustration, the 2 methods in graphing the linear equations in one coordinate plane.

y = 2x + 2
y=x-1

Since the graph of the system intersects at only one point, then the system has one
solution. The point of intersection (-3, -4) is the solution of the system, and it is called the
solution set. How do you know that (-3, -4) is the solution set of the system?

To check whether (-3, -4) is a solution of the system, use the algebraic method in
checking. The solution set: (-3, -4) must satisfy the two equations.

Using equation 1: y = 2x + 2 ; sol. set: (-3, -4)

y = 2x + 2, solution set: (-3, -4), meaning x = -3 and y = -4

-4 = 2(-3) + 2 by substitution property
-4 = -6 + 2 by multiplication
-4 = -4 therefore (-3, -4) is a solution of the equation

Using equation 2: y = x – 1 ; sol. set (-3, -4)

y=x-1 solution set: (-3, -4), meaning x = -3 and y = -4

-4 = -3 – 1 by substitution property
-4 = -4 therefore (-3, -4) is a solution of the equation

Hence, (-3, -4) is a solution of the system y = 2x + 2 because it makes the two
y=x-1
equations true.

4
Activity 1: Determine if each of the following graphs of systems of linear equations has one
solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions.
1.

2.
5
y
4

1
x
0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

5
3.

5
y
4

1
x
0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

4.

5
y
4

1
x
0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

6
 What is It
How to solve systems of linear equations by graphical method?
Example 1.
2x + y = -4
Determine the solution of the system x – 3y = 5

Do the following steps to find the solution:

a. Draw the graph of the line of equation (1) 2x + y = -4 by using the x and
y-intercepts.

b. Draw the graph of the line of equation (2) x – 3y = 5 by using x and y-intercepts.

5
y
4

1 x
0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-1
sol. set: (-1, -2)
-2

-3

-4

-5

c. Solution set: (-1, -2)

1
Example 2. Show the solution of the system y = x +1
2
by graphical method.
2x − 4 y = 1
Step 1. Draw the graph of the first equation by using the slope and the y-intercept.
Step 2. Draw the graph of the second equation by using the x and y-intercepts.

7
 5
y
4

1
x
0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

Step 3. The graph has no solution because the graph of the lines is parallel.

Example 3. Find the solution by graphing. y = 2x + 3

6 x − 3 y = −9

Step 1. Draw the graph of the first equation by using the slope and the y-intercept.
Step 2. Draw the graph of the second equation by using the x and y-intercepts.

5
y
4

1
x
0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

8
 Step 3. There are infinitely many solutions because the graph is overlapping

Example 4.
The sum of the two numbers is 4. The larger number is thrice the smaller number. Find the
numbers.
Solution:
Let x be the smaller number
Let y be the larger number
Make working equations:
x+y=4 The sum of the two numbers is 4
y = 3x The larger number is thrice the smaller number

Then the two equations are x+y=4

y = 3x

Solve the system x+y=4 by graphical method

y = 3x

5
y
4
sol. set: (1, 3)
3

1
x
0
-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

The solution set is (1, 3). Since x represents the smaller number while y represents the larger
number, then the smaller number is 1 and the larger number is 3.

9
 What’s More
Solve each system of linear equations using the graphical method.

1. x+y=5 2. 2x - y = -2 3.
3x + 5y = -10
x–y=1 x + 4y = -1 4x – y = 2

4. y = 2x + 3 5. 3x - 2y = 4
2y = 4x + 6 3x – 2y = 6

What I Have Learned

To solve system of linear equations by graphical method:

• draw the graph of the line of the first equation.

• draw the graph of the line of the second equation.
• if the graphs of the lines intersect each other, then the ordered
pair describes the point of the intersection is the solution set.
• if the graphs are parallel, then there will be no solution.
• if the graphs are overlapping, then there will be infinitely many
solutions.
• ensure the accuracy in graphing because it is necessary to
produce a graph that will indicate the exact solution.

What I Can Do
Draw the graph of each of the following systems of linear equations and tell
whether it has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions. And if it has
one solution, name its ordered pair.

1. 3x – y = -1 2. 3x – y = 6 3. 2x = 3y + 1
5x + 2y = 13 y = 3x + 1 -6y = -4x + 2

10
 Assessment

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter of your choice on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Solve by graphical method. 2x + y = 10

x–y=2

A. (2, 4) B. (4, 2) C. (-2, 4) D. (4, -2)

2. Which of the following ordered pairs will make the two equations true?

3x – y = -3
2x + y = -2

A. (0, -1) B. (1, 0) C. (0, 1) D. (-1, 0)

3. Find the solution to the system 4x + y = 14

x – 3y = -3
A. (3, 2) B. (3, -2) C. (-3, 2) D. (2, 3)

4. Find the value of x in the solution of the 2x + y = -4 system

x – 2y = -2
2+y=
A. 0 B. -2 C. 2 D. -4
x – 3y = 4

5. Describe the graph of the system y = 4x – 1

4x – y = 3

A. intersecting C. parallel
B. coincide or overlapping D. can not be described

Additional Activity

Solve each of the following by graphical method.

1. 𝟏
𝒚= 𝒙+𝟑
𝟐 }
𝟏 𝟗
𝒚 =− 𝒙+
𝟒 𝟐

2. Find two numbers such that thrice the smaller minus twice larger is 2, and six times
the smaller plus, thrice the larger is 39.

11
 Lesson Solving Systems of Linear
2 Equations in Two Variables by
Substitution Method
The graphical method is a good way of finding a solution. However, the graphical method
of solving system of equations is not always a convenient method to use for the following reasons:
the coordinates may involve large numbers or fractions that are difficult to plot, the non-integer
solutions cannot always be read accurately, and it takes a great deal of time. Another way is an
algebraic method called the substitution method.

Solve what is being asked. Write the letter on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is a solution of a system of linear equations y = x - 2

x=6

A. (2, 4) B. (4, 4) C. (6, 4) D. (8, 4)

2. In the system of y = 4x, What is the value of x?

x + y = 10

A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8

3. Which of the following systems of linear equations has a solution of (1, 3)?

A. 2x + 3y = 11 C.2x + 3y = 11
3x + 2y = 9 3x - 2y = 9

B. 3x - 2y = 9 D. 3x - 2y = 9
2x + 3y = 11 2x - 3y = 11

4. What is the value of a, when b is substituted to equation 2?

b = 4a Equation 1
a + b = 15 Equation 2

A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 7

5. Solve the system 3x + 5y = 7; 4x – y = - 6 by substitution method.

A. (-1, 2) B. (1, 2) C. (-2, 1) D. (2, -1)

12
 What’s In

Let us recall.
1. If y = 3x – 1 and x = 1, what is y? Replace x with 1, you should get y = 2.
2. What is x + 4x? Is your answer equal to 5x?
3. Solve for y in terms of x in 4x – y = -6.
My solution is
- y = - 4x – 6 dividing both sides by negative 1
y = 4x + 6
Do we have the same answer?
4. Solve for x in 5y – x = 8. Is your answer x = 5y – 8?
𝑥+8
5. Solve for y in 5y – x = 8. Is your answer y = ?
5

What’s New

Read and Solve:

Grade 8 - SPA ordered 5 classic pizza and 3 overload pizza for their closing ceremony party,
costing Php 795.00. An overloaded pizza cost Php 65 more than the classic pizza. How much is
the cost of each classic and overload pizza?

What is It

How do you solve the word problem above?

Let us solve the given problem using the problem-solving guidelines.
(Understand, Develop and carry out the PLAN, Find the Answer and Check)

13
 * Understand the problem:

Question: How much is the cost of each classic Clarifying the question
and overload pizza?
Data: 5 classic and 3 overload pizzas cost Php 795.00. Finding the relationship
An overloaded pizza cost Php 65 more than the
classic pizza.
* Develop and carry out the PLAN:

There are two statements in the problem. You translate each into an equation.
Let x represents the cost of a classic pizza.
Let y represents the cost of overload pizza.

Translating statement no. 1

5 times the cost of a classic pizza plus 3 times the cost of an overloaded pizza is Php 795
5x + 3y = 795

Translating statement no. 2

The cost of an overloaded pizza is Php 65 more than the cost of a classic pizza
y = x + 65
We now have a system of equations:
5x + 3y = 795 equation 1
y = x + 65 equation 2
*Find the Answer and Check
Then we solve the system by substitution method.
5x + 3y = 795 equation 1
y = x + 65 equation 2

Solution:

1. Since y is already solved in terms 5x+ 3y = 795

of x, replace y in equation 1 5x + 3(x + 65) = 795
with 65 + x. 5x + 3x +195 = 795
8x = 795 - 195
600
x=
8
x = 75
2. Substitute this value for x y = x + 65
in y = 65 + x, and solve for y. y = 75 + 65
y = 140
3. Check in both equations.
First Equation Second Equation
5 x + 3y = 795 y = 65 + x
5(75) + 3(140) = 795 140 = 65 + 75
375 + 420 =795 140 = 140
795 = 795
Therefore, the cost of each classic pizza is Php 75 and cost of each overload pizza is Php 140

14
Now, how do you solve a system of linear equations by substitution method?
Here are the following examples of solving system of linear equations by substitution
Method. It’s an easy process to follow.

1. Solve y=x-2 equation 1

x=6 equation 2

Solution:

a. Since the value of x is already given, y=x-2

replace x in y = x -2 with 6 y=6–2
y=4
b. Check in equation 1. y = x – 2,
4=6–2
4=4
The solution is (6, 4).

2. Solve b = 4a equation 1
a + b = 15 equation 2

Solution:

a. Since b is already solved a + b = 15

in terms of a, replace b with 4a a + (4a) = 15
in equation 2. 5a = 15
a=3

b. Substitute this value for a b = 4a

in b = 4a, and solve for b. b = 4(3)
b = 12

c. Check in both equations. b = 4a, where a = 3 & b = 12

12 = 3(4)
12 = 12
a + b = 15
3 + 12 = 15
15 = 15
The solution is a=3, b=12

3. Solve 3x + 5y = 7 equation 1
4x – y = - 6 equation 2

a. Solve for one variable. Since the 4x – y = -6

coefficient of y is -1 in equation 2, is - y = - 4x – 6
it easier to solve for y. -1(-y = -4x – 6)
y = 4x + 6

15
 b. Substitute the value of y 3x + 5y =7
in the equation 1 and solve for x. 3x + 5(4x + 6) = 7
3x + 20x + 30 = 7
23x + 30 = 7
23x = 7 – 30
23x = -23
x = -1

c. Substitute this value for x y = 4x + 6

in the equation obtained in y = 4(-1) + 6
step a. y=-4+6
y=2

d. Check in both equations. By 3x + 5y = 7, 4x - y = -6

substituting the values of 3(-1) + 5(2) = 7 4(-1) -2 = - 6
x and y to check your answer -3 + 10 = 7 -4 – 2 = - 6
7=7 -6=-6

The solution is (-1, 2)

What’s More

Consider the system: x – 3y = 8

2x + 8y = -12

How do you solve this system by the substitution method?

What I Have Learned

How do you solve systems of linear equations using substitution method?

1. Solve one equation for one variable in terms of the other variable.
2. Substitute the expression obtained in STEP A into the other equation.
3. Solve the resulting equation in one variable.
4. Find the value of the other variable by substituting the solution found
in STEP C into any equation containing both variables.
5. Check the solution in the original equations.

16
 What I Can Do
I. Solve the following systems using substitution method:

1. x + y = 15 2. a = 6b
x = 2y 2a – 3b = 27

II. Read and Solve

My alkansya contains Php 1450 worth of coins in Php 5 and Php 10. The number of Php
10 coins is 10 more than the number of Php 5 coins. How many Php 5 and Php 10 coins are there
in my alkansya?

Assessment

Solve what is being asked. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. If 3x + y = 8 and 5x – 5y = 20, what is the value of x?
A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 10
2. Which of the following is the value of q in the system of linear equations 3p + 4q = 5
p=3
A. -1 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
3. In this system of linear equations 4u + 5v = 30 . What is the value of v?
5u = 25
A. 2 B. 4 C. -2 D. -4
4. Solve the given system by the substitution method.
5x + y = 15
6x – 4y = 18
A. (2, 0) B. (2, 1) C. (3, 0) D. (3, 2)
5. By substitution method, find the solution of system of linear equations 2a + 3b = 22
b = 3a
A. (1, 5) B. (1, 7) C. (2, 4) D. (2, 6)

17
Read and follow the instructions.

In what city did coronavirus disease 2019, known as COVID 19 was first identified amid an
outbreak of respiratory illness cases?
Find the solution of each system using the substitution method.
Write the letter of each solution on the top of the given answer in the boxes below to answer the
question.

3x + 2y = 3 x = 3y
A y=x-6 E x + 2y = 5

J 2x + 2y = 52 U x – 5y = 0
x – 9y = -14 2x + 5y = 15

x – 3y = -12 x – y = 11
H 3x + 6y = 39 M x – 3y = 19

N x = 28 - 5y W y = 2x
6x + y = 52 2x + y = 16

(4, 8) (5, 1) (3, 5) (3, -3) (8, 4)

18
 Solving Systems of Linear
Lesson
Equations in Two Variables by
3
Elimination Method
Another algebraic method of finding the solution of a system of linear equations in two
variables is by elimination method. This is done by eliminating one variable to solve for the other.
The Addition Property of Equality and Multiplication Property of Equality are the properties most
frequently used.

Solved what is being asked. Write the letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. In this system 2x + y = 6 , what is the value of x?
4x – y = 12
A. -1 B. 2 C. -3 D. 3

2. What values of p and q will make both of the following equations true if p
is eliminated?
p − 4q = 14
3 p + 2q = 28
A. p = 8 and q = −1 C. p = −10 and q = 2
B. p = 10 and q = −1 D. p = −20 and q = 1
3. When x be eliminated in the equation below what is the value of y?
4x + 3y = 9 Equation 1
2x – y = 7 Equation 2
A. 0 B. -1 C. 1 D. 2
4. What are the values of m and n in the equation 2𝑚 + 3𝑛 = 7 if the sum of m and n is 5?

A. m = 6, n = -1 C. m= 8, n= -3
B. m= -6, n = 1 D. m = 8, n = 3

5. Solve 5x - 3y = 7 by elimination. The solution is _______.

3x + 3y = 9
A. (2, 1) B. (2, 3) C. (3,1) D. (3, 2)

19
 What’s In

1. What is the numerical coefficient of 2a? Is it 2?

2. Give the opposite of 3. The sum of a number and its opposite is 0, thus the
answer is -3.
3. What is – 2y – y? The answer is – 3y.
4. What is 2x + 4x? Is your answer equal to 6x?
5. What is the least common multiple of 3x and 6x? Your answer should be 6x.

What’s New
Guessing Game
How many marbles are in each can? 1st can 2nd can
If there are 38 marbles in all and there are
10 more marbles on the 1st can than on the
2nd can.

What’s your guess?

What is It
What are the clues in our guessing game above?
1st clue: There are 38 marbles in all.
2nd clue: There are 10 more marbles on the 1st can than on the 2nd can.

Let us represent x is the number of marbles on the 1st can

y is the number of marbles on the 2nd can
Using the given clues, we can write the system of linear equations.

x + y = 38 equation 1
x – y = 10 equation 2
Now we will use the elimination method to solve this system.
Add the two equations. We can eliminate y.

x + y = 38
x – y = 10
2x = 48
Solve for x:
2x = 48
x = 24 the number of marbles on the first can.

20
 Subtract the two equations. We can eliminate x.
x + y = 38
x – y = 10
2y = 28
y = 14 the number of marbles on the second can.
Check: First Equation Second Equation

x + y = 38 x – y = 10
24 + 14 = 38 24 – 14 = 10
38 = 38 10 = 10

The number of marbles on the 1st can is 24

The number of marbles on the 2nd can is 14

Examples of solving the system of linear equations using the elimination method.

Example No.1. 2x + y = 6 equation 1

4x – y = 12 equation 2

Solution:
a. Look for the variable who’s numerical 2x + y = 6 equation 1
coefficients are opposites. If this condition 4x – y = 12 equation 2
exists, add the equations 6x = 18
18
b. Solve the resulting equation x=
6
x=3
c. Solve for the other variable -2 (2x + y = 6)
multiply equation 1 by -2 and -4x - 2y = -12
add to equation 2 to eliminate x 4x - y = 12
-3y = 0
y=0
d. Check in both original equations
First Equation Second Equation
2x + 3y = 6, 4x – y = 12
2(3) +3(0) = 6 4(3) - 0 = 12
6+0 =6 12 - 0 =12
6=6 12 = 12

Hence, the solution is (3,0)

21
 Example No.2. -x -2y = -10 equation 1
x –y = 1 equation 2
Solution:

a. Look for the variable whose numerical -x -2y = -10 equation 1

coefficients are opposites. If this x-y=1 equation 2
condition exists, add the equations -3y = -9 since -x +x =0
b. Solve the resulting equation -3y = -9
−9
y=
−3
y = 3 substitutes to Eqn. 2

c. Solve for the other variable x-y=1 equation 2

by substituting 3 for y in x-3=1
the second equation. x=1+3
x=4
d. Check in both original equations
Equation 1 Equation 2
-x -2y = -10 x – y =1
-4 -2(3) = -10 4-3=1

-4 – 6 = -10 1 =1

-10 = -10
Hence, the solution is (4,3).

Example No. 3. 2a + 4b = 3 equation 1

a + 2b = 1 equation 2
a1 b
What do you observe about and 1 ? Are they equal? Since the system is
a2 b2
inconsistent, it has no solution. Let us find out what will happen if the system will be solved by
elimination.
Which variable has numerical coefficients that are opposites? None? Which equation
should be multiplied? By what number should you multiply that equation? Why will you use -2 as
your multiplier? 2 is the least common multiple of 2 and 1, the coefficients of an in equation 1 and
equation 2, and – 2 is the opposite of 2.
Solution:
a. Multiply equation 2 by -2 -2 (a + 2b = 1)
-2a - 4b = -2 equation 3
b. Add equations 1 and 3 2a + 4b = 3
-2a - 4b = -2
0 = 1 False Statement

22
Take note that both variables were eliminated and 0 ≠1. In this case the system has no solution.

Example No.4. 2x + 5y = 7 equation 1

6x +15y = 21 equation 2
a1 b1 c1
What do you observe about , and ? Are they equal? Since the system is
a 2 b2 c2
consistently dependent, it has infinitely many solutions. Let us find out what will happen if the
system will be solved by elimination.
Which variable has numerical coefficients that are opposites? None? Which equation
you’re going to multiply? By what number should you multiply that equation? Why will you use -3
as your multiplier? 6 is the least common multiple of 2 and 6, the coefficients of an in equation 1
and equation 2, and – 6 is the opposite of 6.

Solution:
a. Multiply equation 1 by -3 -3 (2x + 5y = 7)
-6x – 15y = -21 equation 3

b. Add equations 3 and 2 -6x – 15y = -21

6x + 15y = 21 equation 2
0 = 0 True Statement
Take note that both variables were eliminated and 0 = 0. In this case, the system
has infinitely many solutions. Hence the solution set is (x,y) / y = .

What’s More

Consider the system: 3x – 2y = 8

2x + 3y = -15
How do you solve this system by elimination method?

What I Have Learned

How do you solve systems of linear equations using elimination method?

1. Choose which variable you want to eliminate.
2. Multiply one or both equations by an appropriate constant so that
the variable that you want to eliminate becomes additive inverse of each other.
3. Add the resulting equations.
4. Solve the equation obtained in STEP 3.
5. Substitute the value of the variable obtained in STEP 4 into one
of the original equations and solve for another variable.

23
 What I Can Do

I. Solve the following systems using elimination method:

1. x + y = 14 2. 3x – 5y = 7
x–y=6 3x + 4y = -11

II. Read and Solve

Marinette opens a new online clothing business to garner extra income. Her vintage shirts
sell for Php.30 each and plain shirts for Php. 15 each. One month later, she sold a total of 18 shirts
which cost Php.435. How many of each kind of shirt was sold?

Photo credit: www. Carousell.ph

Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the letter on the
separate sheet of paper.
1. If x + y = 3 and 4x – y = 1, what is the value of x?

A. 1 B. 3 C. 5 D. 10

2. Which of the following is the value of q in the system of linear equations

p + 2q = 4
p+q=3

A. -1 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3

3. In this system of linear equations 3x - 2y = 1. , what is the value of y?

2x + 2y = 14
A. 2 B. 4 C. -2 D. -4

24
 4. Solve the given system by the elimination method.

3r + 2s = 13
3r - s = 7

A. r =3, s =2 B. r = 3, s =1 C. r =4, s = 2 D. r = 4, s = 3

5. By elimination method, the solution of system of linear equations

-x - y = -6
x–y=4 is ________.

A. (1, 5) B. (1, 7) C. (2, 4) D. (5, 1)

What is the welcome greeting of Filipino people?

To find out, solve each system of equations. Write the letter in the ANSWER
BOX that corresponds to the answer.
x+y=3 3x – 5y = 1
3x – y = 1 4x + 5y = 13

3x + 2y = 26 x + y = 12
x-y=2 4x – y = -2

x + y = 16 2x – y = 4
x – y = 14 4x – 2y = 8

x – 2y = 5 3x – 5y = 4
4x + 3y = 9 3x + y = 10

ANSWER BOX

x=3 x=2 x=3 x = 15 x=6 x=2 x=2

y=1 y=1 y = -1 y=1 y=4 y=1 y = 10

25
 Lesson Solving Word Problems involving
4 Systems of Linear Equations in
Two Variables
There’s a lot of problems that can easily be solved and using one equation with one unknown,
which can be solved even more easily; using two equations with two unknowns.
We shall learn this using some problems involving systems of linear equations in two
variables.

What I Know

Solve what is being asked. Write the letter on a separate sheet of paper
1. The sum of two numbers is 39 and their difference is 17. What is the larger
number?
A. 23 B. 28 C. 33 D. 36
2. Find 2 numbers whose sum is 105 and the larger number exceeds the smaller
number by 25.
A. 20 and 85 B. 30 and 75 C. 40 and 65 D. 50 and 55
3. The length of the rectangle is 2 cm less than 3 times its width. If the perimeter of
the rectangle is 20 cm, find its dimensions.
A. ω= 3 cm and =7 cm. C. ω= 3 cm and = 9 cm.
B. ω= 5 cm and =7 cm. D. ω= 5 cm and = 9 cm.
4. Mang Cardo wants to cut a 488 cm piece of wood into 2 pieces. The longer
piece is to be 50 cm longer than twice the shorter piece. Find the length of the
longer piece.
A. 342 cm. B. 324 cm. C. 423 cm. D. 432cm.
5. Allyn has a sum of money consisting of Php 20 and Php 50 bill amounting to
Php.1500. If there are 48 pieces of bills in all, how many Php 20 bill does
she has?
A. 10 B. 20 C. 30 D. 40

What’s In

1. What is the formula that you can use to find the perimeter of a rectangle?
Is P = 2l + 2w correct?
2. If 2x = 52, what is the value of x? Dividing both sides by 2, you should get 26.
3. Translate into symbols: “The sum of 2 numbers, x, and y, is 41”. My answer is
x + y = 41. Is this the same as your answer?

26
 4. Translate into symbols: The longer piece of wood (l) is 30 cm longer than
twice the shorter piece (s). My answer is l = 2s + 30. Do we have the same
answer?
5. If x + y = 41 and x = 26, what is the value of y? Is it 15?

Read and solve:

One day, I ask my daughter, Janna to go to Q-Mart to buy fruits.

Janna bought apples at Php 35.00 each and pomelos at Php120.00 each.
She bought 9 fruits for a total cost of Php 570.00.

1. How many pomelos did she buy?

2. How many apples did she buy?

What is It

How do you solve the given problem above? Can we use the system of linear equations in two
variables to solve that problem? Can you use the substitution and elimination methods?

Now we will solve the given problem using our guide as our Example no. 1,
Solution:
Step 1: Understand the problem. Decide You are asked to find some.
what is asked for and what apples and pomelos that Janna’s
information is given. bought.
Step 2: Choose variables and use them Let a = be the number of apples
with the given facts to represent Let p = be the number of pomelos
each unknown described in the
problem.
Step 3: Write equations that represent a+p=9 Eqn. 1
relationships stated in the problem. 35a + 120p = 570 Eqn. 2

Step 4: Solve the equations. a=9–p Eqn. 3

Using substitution method by 35(9 – p) + 120p = 570

27
 Solving a in terms of p in Equation 1 315 – 35p +120p = 570
- 35p + 120p = 570 – 315
85p = 255
255
p= 85
𝐩=𝟑
a=9–3
a=6
Step 5: Check your results with the words Total Number of fruits 9
of the problems. 6+3=9
The cost of 9 fruits is Php. 570
6(35) + 3(120) = 570
210 + 360 = 570
Hence, Janna bought 6 apples and 3 pomelos.

Example no. 2.
The sum of the two numbers is 56 and their difference is 18. Find the numbers.
Solution:
Step 1: Understand the problem. Decide You are asked to find 2 numbers.
what is asked for and what
information is given
Step 2: Choose variables and use them Let x and y be the numbers.
with the given facts to represent
each unknown described in the
problem.
Step 3: Write equations that represent x + y = 56 eqn. 1
relationships stated in the problem. x – y = 18 Eqn. 2
Step 4: Solve the equations. Using x + y = 56
elimination method x - y = 18_
2x = 74
74
𝑥= 2
x = 37 substitute to eqn. 1
x + y = 56 eqn. 1
37 + y = 56
y = 56 – 37
y = 19
Step 5: Check your results with the words The sum is 56: 37 + 19 = 56
of the problems. The difference is 18: 37 – 19

The numbers are 37 and 19.

28
Example no. 3

A table maker wants to cut an 18-foot piece of wood for his project by 2 pieces. The longer
piece is to be 3 feet longer than twice of the shorter piece. What is the length of each piece of his
wood?
Solution:

Step 1: Understand the problem. Decide You are asked to find the length
what is asked for and what of the 2 pieces of wood.
information is given.

Step 2: Choose variables and use them Let s = the length of shorter piece
with the given facts to represent = the length of longer piece
each unknown described in the
problem.

Step 3: Write equations that represent s+ = 18 eqn. 1

relationships stated in the problem. = 2s +3 Eqn. 2

Step 4: Solve the equations using s + (2s + 3) = 18

substitution method s + 2s + 3 = 18
3s + 3 = 18
3s = 18
15
𝑠=
3
s = 5 substitutes to Eqn. 2

= 2(5) + 3
= 10 +3
= 13

Step 5: Check your results with the words the sum is 18: 13 + 5 = 18
of the problems. The longer piece is 3 feet longer
than twice of the shorter piece.
13 = 2(5) + 3
13 = 10 + 3
13 = 13

The longer piece is 13 feet while the shorter piece is 5 feet.

29
Example no. 4
. Two applicants for a job have ages that add up to 75 years. Twice the age of
the younger man less the age of the older man is 30 years. Find their ages.
Solution:
Step 1. Understand the problem. Decide You are asked to find the ages
what is asked for and what of the 2 applicants
information is given.
Step 2. Choose variables and use them Let x = age of the older applicant
with the given facts to represent and y = age of the younger
each unknown described in the applicant.
problem.
Step 3. Write equations that represent x + y = 75 equation 1
relationships stated in the problem. 2y - x = 30 equation 2
Step 4. Solve the equations. 2y - x = 30 can also be written as
– x+ 2y = 30
x + y = 75
-x + 2y = 30
3y =105
y = 35 Substitute to eqn. 1
x + y = 75 eqn. 1
x + 35 = 75
x = 75 - 35
x = 40
Step 5: Check your results with the words The sum of the ages is 75:
of the problems. Answer. 40 + 35 = 75
Twice the age of the younger man
Less the age of the older man is 30:
= 2(35) – 40
= 70 – 40
= 30
The older applicant is 40 years old while the younger one is 35 years old.

What’s More

Try to solve more word problems.

Problem 1.
Allyn and Ave are my friends. The sum of their ages is 80 years. Allyn’s age is 8
years younger than Ave’s age. Find their respective ages?
Problem 2.
The length of a rectangle is 5 more than twice its width. The perimeter is 70
meters. What is the area of a rectangle?

30
 What I Have Learned

How do you solve word problems involving systems of linear equations in two
variables?
1. Understand the problem. Decide what are asked for and what
information is given.
2. Choose variables and use them with the given facts to represent
each unknown, described in the problem.
3. Write equations that represent relationships stated in the problem.
4. Solve the system of linear equations formed.
5. Check your results with the words of the problems. Give the answer in
correct units of measure.

What I Can Do

Read and analyze the word problem below, and answer what is asked:
One day, I visited my grandmother’s rice field. The rice field is rectangular, its perimeter is
414 meters. If its length is twice its width, what are the dimensions of the rice field?

a. Represent the length and width using different variables.

b. Write an equation for the perimeter of the garden.
c. Write an equation for the relation of the length to the width.
d. Solve the system formed by the two equations.
e. What are the dimensions of the rice field?

Assessment

Refer to the given problem answer numbers 1 to 3

The sum of two numbers, x, and y is 25 and their difference is 5.

1. Which of the following systems of equations describe the given problem?

 x + y = 25  x + y = 30  x + y = 25  x − y = 25
A.  B.  C.  D. 
x − y = 5 x − y = 5 x + y = 5 x − y = 5

31
 2. Which two numbers satisfy the given conditions?
A. 25 and 5 B. 15 and 10 C. 20 and 10 D. 10 and 25

3. Which of the two numbers is the larger?

A. 25 B. 15 C. 10 D. 5

Refer to the problem below answer numbers 4 and 5

Before the lockdown, Judith bought her food supplies for her kittens and puppies. She
bought puppy's food at Php 225.00 a kilo and kitten’s food at Php 185.00 a kilo. She bought
7 kilos for a total cost of Php 1415.00.

4. How many kilos did she buy for her kittens?

A. 1 kilo B. 3 kilos C. 4 kilos D. 5 kilos

5. How many kilos did she buy for her puppies?

A. 1 kilo B. 2 kilos C. 3 kilos D.4kilos

Read and answer what is asked in the situation.

The officers of the Student Supreme Government sold banana cakes and carrot
cakes to the students as their fund-raising activity. They need to sell 250 slices and need
to make Php.5525. How many slices of banana and carrot cakes do they need to sell if
banana cakes cost Php. 20 per slice while the carrot cakes cost Php. 25 per slice.?

1. Let B the number of slices of banana and C is the number of slices of carrots.
2. Complete the table below.

Banana Cake Carrot Cake Total

No. of Slices

Amount in Php

3. System of Equations: _______________________

_______________________

4. Solution: Number of slices of banana cake ___________

Number of slices of carrot cake ___________

32
 Answer Key

Additional Activity

33
References:
Orlando A. Orence & Marilyn O. Mendoza. E Math8 (K-12) First Edition 2013. Philippines: Rex
Book Store

S. Smith, R. Charles, J. Dossey, M. Bittinger, Algebra 2 with Trigonometry, Pearson Education

South Asia Pte Ltd, Copyright @ 2003

Melvic C. Borja & Neylinda M. Moldogo.201. Alternative Delivery Mode for Grade 8. Quezon City.
SDOQC

Nivera, Gladys C. Grade 8 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities. Philippines:

Don Bosco Press, 2014.

34