Quiz 4 Independent t test
Question 1
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 10, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 40. Sample 2 has a mean score of 8,
a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 39 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. Based on the
tables posted to this site, against what critical value of t would you compare your obtained value of t?
A. 1.6706
B. 1.6576
C. 1.9799
D. 2.0003
Question 2
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 10, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 16. Sample 2 has a mean score of
12, a standard deviation of 3, and an n-size of 25. Assume that the variances are homogeneous. Based
on the tables posted to this site, against what critical value of t would you compare your obtained value
of t?
A. 2.0227
B. 1.6839
C. 1.6849
D. 2.0211
Question 3
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 7, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 36. Sample 2 has a mean score of 12,
a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 26 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. Based on the
tables posted to this site, against what critical value of t would you compare your obtained value of t?
A. 2.0003
B. 1.6576
C. 1.9799
D. 1.6706
Question 4
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 10, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 16. Sample 2 has a mean score of
12, a standard deviation of 3, and an n-size of 25 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is
the absolute value of your obtained value of t?
A. 2.8
B. 2.3
C. 3.9
D. 1.9
E. 1.1
Question 5
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 7, a standard deviation of 5, and an n-size of 50. Sample 2 has a mean score of 12,
a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 38. Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is the
absolute value of your obtained value of t?
A. 3.4
B. 12.1
C. 6.8
D. 7.2
E. 5.8
Question 6
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 7, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 36. Sample 2 has a mean score of 12,
a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 26 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is the
absolute value of your obtained value of t?
A. 0
B. 18.9
C. 9.7
D. 1.0
E. 13.7
Question 7
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 7, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 33. Sample 2 has a mean score of 9, a
standard deviation of 4, and an n-size of 33 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is the
absolute value of your obtained value of t?
A. 3.3
B. 2.5
C. 2.6
D. 4.7
E. 6.7
Question 8
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 10, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 40. Sample 2 has a mean score of 8,
a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 39 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is the
absolute value of your obtained value of t?
A. 1.0
B. 9.9
C. 4.4
D. 0
E. 6.3
Question 9
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 10, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 39. Sample 2 has a mean score of
11, a standard deviation of 3, and an n-size of 38. Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is
the absolute value of your obtained value of t?
A. 2.8
B. 4.8
C. 1.3
D. 3.0
E. 1.7
Question 10
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 10, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 16. Sample 2 has a mean score of
12, a standard deviation of 3, and an n-size of 25 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is
your pooled variance?
A. 50.1
B. 7.1
C. 127.1
D. 7.1%
E. 2.6
Question 11
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 7, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 33. Sample 2 has a mean score of 9, a
standard deviation of 4, and an n-size of 33 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is your
pooled variance?
A. 3.0
B. 100.0
C. 65.0
D. 10.0%
E. 10.0
Question 12
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 10, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 39. Sample 2 has a mean score of
11, a standard deviation of 3, and an n-size of 38. Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is
your pooled variance?
A. 110.4
B. 6.5
C. 6.5%
D. 41.8
E. 2.5
Question 13
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 7, a standard deviation of 5, and an n-size of 50. Sample 2 has a mean score of 12,
a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 38. Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is
your pooled variance?
A. 254.9
B. 16.0
C. 89.9
D. 3.7
E. 16.0%
Question 14
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 10, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 40. Sample 2 has a mean score of 8,
a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 39 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is your
pooled variance?
A. 16.0
B. 2.0
C. 82.2
D. 4.0%
E. 4.0
Question 15
You wish to determine whether or not there is a difference between two samples (alpha = 0.05). Sample
1 has a mean score of 7, a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 36. Sample 2 has a mean score of 12,
a standard deviation of 2, and an n-size of 26 Assume that the variances are homogeneous. What is your
pooled variance?
A. 88.6
B. 4.0
C. 16.0
D. 1.0
E. 4.0%
Question 16
If your t-obtained in an independent groups t-test is -2.57, and the n-sizes for your two groups are 33
and 33, what is the squared point-biserial correlation?
A. 0.094
B. -0.040
C. 1.000
D. 0.002
E. 0.9%
Question 17
If your t-obtained in an independent groups t-test is -2.35, and the n-sizes for your two groups are 16
and 25, what is the squared point-biserial correlation?
A. 0.124
B. -0.060
C. 1.2%
D. 0.004
E. -1.588
Question 18
If your t-obtained in an independent groups t-test is 9.71, and the n-sizes for your two groups are 36 and
26, what is the squared point-biserial correlation?
A. 6.1%
B. 0.904
C. 0.026
D. 0.162
E. 0.611
Question 19
If your t-obtained in an independent groups t-test is -4.44, and the n-sizes for your two groups are 40
and 39, what is the squared point-biserial correlation?
A. 2.0%
B. -0.058
C. 0.952
D. 0.003
E. 0.204
Question 20
If your t-obtained in an independent groups t-test is 5.81, and the n-sizes for your two groups are 50 and
38, what is the squared point-biserial correlation?
A. 0.005
B. 0.068
C. 0.738
D. 2.8%
E. 0.282
Question 21
If your t-obtained in an independent groups t-test is 1.73, and the n-sizes for your two groups are 39 and
38, what is the squared point-biserial correlation?
A. 0.750
B. 0.038
C. 0.4%
D. 0.001
E. 0.023
Question 22
The assumption of independent random observations
A. refers to the fact that the dependent variable must be measured using an interval or ratio
variable
B. can be safely ignored when n-sizes are equal
C. can be addressed through the calculation of Welch's test
D. all of the above are correct
E. none of the above are correct
Question 23
Which of the following tests is not appropriate for the evaluating the normality of your dependent
variable
A. Levene's test
B. normal Q-Q Plot
C. Shapiro-Wilk test
D. normal P-P Plot
Question 24
If we are looking up a critical value on a table, and we cannot find our exact degrees of freedom value,
we should
A. use the closest degrees of freedom value
B. use a confidence interval, instead of a hypothesis test
C. calculate a p-value instead
D. use the next lowest degrees of freedom value
Question 25
The null hypothesized difference between two means is always equal to zero.
True
False
Question 26
In an independent groups t-test, the null hypothesis is typically set to be equal to _____.
A. 0
B. the mean of the smaller sample
C. alpha
D. the standard error
Question 27
The squared point-biserial correlation coefficient...
A. is sometimes called the coefficient of variation
B. may be calculated in place of the confidence interval for statistically non-significant effects
C. is a common language effect size estimate that tells us the percentage of variance in the
dependent variable that is due to the grouping variable
D. is a common language effect size estimate that tells us the percentage of variance in the
grouping variable that is due to the dependent variable
Question 28
Which of the following is not an assumption of the t-test for independent samples?
A. Independence of observations
B. Homogeneity of variance
C. Normality
D. Systematicity of pooled variance
E. All of the above are assumptions of the t-test for independent samples
Question 29
The confidence interval that best "matches" a one-tailed hypothesis with an alpha of 0.05 is the ___.
A. 95% confidence interval
B. 90% confidence interval
C. 5% confidence interval
D. 2.5% confidence interval
E. we do not have enough information to answer this question
Question 30
The null hypothesis has been set to be equal to 6 in an independent groups t-test. This suggests that
A. The experimenters have confused the null hypothesis and the experimental hypothesis.
B. The standard error is 6
C. The experimenters should have conducted a dependent groups t-test
D. The experimenters wanted to determine if the difference between groups was at least 6.
Question 31
If a one-tailed hypothesis test demonstrates that t = 2.15 is statistically significant, then t = -2.15 is ___.
A. Statistically significant
B. Not statistically significant
C. Not enough information is supplied to make this determination
Question 32
If Levene's test is statistically significant, then _____
A. You should conclude that you probably violated the assumption of homogeneity of variances.
B. You should conclude that there is a statistically significant difference between the means.
C. You should conclude that the variances of the two groups are sufficiently equal as to satisfy the
assumption of homogeneity of variance.
D. (a) and (b) are both correct
Question 33
Levene's test is the most typical method for ____.
A. testing the association between two groups
B. testing the homogeneity of variance
C. evaluating the difference between the means of two independent groups
D. evaluating the normality of one's distribution
Question 34
Welch's t-test is a good alternative to Student's independent t-test, when the assumption of
homogeneity of variance has been violated.
True
False
Question 35
If a two-tailed hypothesis test demonstrates that t = 2.15 is statistically significant, then t = -2.15 is ___.
A. Statistically significant
B. Not statistically significant
C. Not enough information is supplied to make this determination
Question 36
In an independent groups t-test, if the n-sizes are approximately equal, then
A. the test will be robust to violations of the assumption of normality
B. the test will be robust to violations of the assumption of homogeneity of variance
C. the test will be robust to violations of the assumption of independent random samples
D. all of the above
E. (a) and (b)
Question 37
The standard error within a t-test calculation is based on the____.
A. A sample standard deviation
B. Correlation between the two variables involved in its calculation
C. Population standard deviation
D. Degrees of freedom estimate
E. Z-test
Question 38
As the sample size increases, the ____ becomes increasingly similar to the ____.
A. Sample standard deviation; population standard deviation
B. Degrees of freedom estimate; z-test
C. T-distribution; z-distribution
D. Type I error; power
E. All of the above are correct
F. (a) and (c) are correct
Question 39
Conceptually, the standard error within a z-test calculation is based on the ____.
A. T-test
B. Correlation between the two variables involved in its calculation
C. Population-standard deviation
D. Degrees of freedom estimate
E. Sample standard deviation
Question 40
You are looking to determine whether or not a population value is different from the last time you
assessed it (when it was 14). You assess a group of 19 individuals, and find that they have a mean of 18,
and a standard deviation of 8. What is the standard error for your analysis?
A. 0.18
B. 3.37
C. 14.68
D. 0.42
E. 1.84
Question 41
You are looking to determine whether or not a population value is smaller, as compared to the last time
you assessed it (when it was 41). You assess a group of 19 individuals, and find that they have a mean of
40, and a standard deviation of 11. What is the standard error for your analysis?
A. 6.37
B. 27.76
C. 0.58
D. 2.52
E. 0.34
Question 42
You are assessing the among of physical activity engaged in by a sample of patients. You randomly
sample six patients from clinic, and recorded the number of minutes that they exercised yesterday. The
numbers were 12, 21, 18, 26, 23, 31. You posit that the average amount of physical activity should be 30
minutes per day for this population, and you want to see if your sample is different from this value
Express all of your answers to two decimal places
The sample mean is: 21.83
The sample standard deviation is: 6.56
The standard error is: 2.67
The absolute value of t-obtained that we would use for testing this null hypothesis is: -8.17
How many of degrees of freedom do we have within this analysis? 5
Question 43
__is the probability of a Type II error, and __ is the probability of correctly rejecting a false null
hypothesis
A. beta; 1-beta
B. beta; alpha
C. alpha; beta
D. 1-beta; beta
Question 44
Which of the following could reduce the rate of Type I errors?
A. Increasing 1-beta
B. Changing the alpha from 0.05 to 0.01
C. Changing the alpha from 0.01 to 0.0t
D. Increasing power
Question 45
Power is equal to
A. Beta
B. 1-beta
C. 1-alpha
D. alpha
Question 46
Type II error is ____, and is equal to the probability of ____.
A. Alpha; failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is true
B. 1-beta; failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is true
C. Beta; failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false
D. Alpha; failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false
Question 47
Type I error is ____, and is equal to the probability of ____.
A. Alpha; rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true
Question 48
Power is ____, and is equal to the probability of ____.
A. 1-beta; rejecting the null hypothesis when it is true
B. 1-beta; rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false
C. 1-beta; failing to reject the null hypothesis when it is false
