Math10 - Synthetic Divisions
Math10 - Synthetic Divisions
Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Geometric Sequence
(Part 2)
Mathematics – Grade 10
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Geometric Sequence (Part 2)
First Edition, 2020
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Mathematics
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Geometric Sequence
(Part 2)
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often
used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create
and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies
and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
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Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
What I Know
To determine how much you already know about the topics of this module, answer
first the following items. Write your answers on a sheet of paper.
3. Given the geometric sequence 100, 50, 25, . . ., what is its 7 th term?
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6. If there are three geometric means between -2 and -162, what is the third
geometric mean if the common ratio is positive?
a. 18 b. -18 c. 54 d. -54
a. ± 70 b. ± 84 c. ± 56 d. ± 40
9. Which of the following are the three geometric means between 4/3 and 108?
a. -8 b. 17 c. -17 d. 16
11. What is the sum of the first six terms of the geometric sequence 3, 6, 12, . . .?
12. What the sum of the first eight terms of the geometric sequence if the first term
is 4, the common ratio is -2 and the tenth term is -512?
13. Find the sum of the first nine terms of the geometric sequence 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8,…
15. Find the sum of the of the infinite geometric sequence 32, -8, 2, . . .
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Lesson
You may already know that geometric sequence is a sequence where each term after
the first is determined by multiplying the preceding term by the same constant called
the common ratio (r) and differentiate it from arithmetic sequence. You may also
learn how to determine the common ratio or r by using the equation
n−k an
r = an / an-1 or r = √ak .
What’s In
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What’s New
Joan saves portion of her weekly allowance by putting it in a piggy bank because she
wants to buy a new cellular phone amounting ₱6 000. Her savings must multiply at
a constant rate per week. On the first week, she was able to save ₱120 and at the
end of the fourth week, she saved ₱405. How much will she need to save at the end
of the second and third week? How about on the sixth week? Will she be able to buy
the new phone after eight weeks from her savings?
This given problem translates by inserting geometric means between 120 and 405,
nth term of geometric sequence, and sum of the terms of a given finite or infinite
geometric sequence. Answer this problem then check if your answer is correct for
you to go along with this module.
What is It
Geometric Mean
In this part of the module, you will learn to determine the geometric means of a
geometric sequence. In the geometric sequence 10, 30, 90, 270, 810, . . ., 30, 90, and
270 are the three geometric means between 10 and 810. These are also known as
the extremes. Thirty is the geometric mean between 10 and 90. Therefore geometric
means are terms between two terms of a geometric sequence.
The formula to solve for a geometric mean between two terms of is ± √x y .This is
also called the mean proportionality of x and y.
4
54
±√
24
9
±√
4
3
±
2
There are two possible geometric means between 2 and 18, 3/2 and -3/2.
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Example 1. Determine the seventh term of the geometric sequence 7, 21, 63, . . .
Here you have a1 = 7, n = 7 and r = 3. Substituting the given to the formula you have
an = a1rn-1
a7 = 7(37-1)
a7 = 7(36)
a7 = 7(729)
a7 = 5 103
Therefore, the 7th term of the geometric sequence is 5 103.
Geometric Series
A geometric series is the indicated sum of the terms of a geometric sequence.
Now, let S be the sum of the first n terms of a geometric sequence, you now have
Sn = a1 + a1r + a1r2 + . . . + a1rn-1 (equation 1)
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Since Sn = a1(1 – rn) = Sn = a1(1 – rn)
1–r 1–r
Then replacing a1rn by anr, we have
Sn = a1 -anr , r ≠ 1
1–r
Example 1. Determine the sum of the first six terms of the geometric sequence 3, 6,
12, 24, . . .
a1 = 3 , n = 6 , and r = 2 ← identify the given
Sn = a1(1 – rn)
1–r
S6 = 3(1 – 26) ← Substitute the given to the formula
1–2
S6 = 3(1 – 64) ← Solve for the Sn and simplify
1–2
S6 = 3(– 63)
-1
S6 = -189
-1
S6 = 189
Therefore, the sum of the first six terms is 189.
Example 2. Determine the sum of the first 8 terms of the geometric sequence if the
first term is 4, the common ratio is -2 and the 8th term is -512.
a1 = 4, r = -2, and a8 = - 512 ← Identify the given
Sn = a1 -anr
1–r
S8 = 4 – (-512)(-2) ← Substitute the given to the formula
1 – (-2)
S8 = 4 – 1024 ← Solve for the Sn and simplify
3
S8 = -1020
3
S8 = -340
Therefore, the sum of the first 8 terms is -340.
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(1 – r)S = a
𝑎
S= for -1 < r < 1
1−𝑟
If -1 > r > 1, for the values of r, Sn has no limit or no sum.
Example 2. Find the sum of the infinite geometric sequence 2, -8, 32, . . .
a = 2 , r = -4
Since r < -1 , r = -4, therefore the series has no sum.
Remember that the infinite geometric sequence has a sum to infinity
only if -1 > r > 1.
What’s More
Activity 1
A. Determine the geometric mean of the two given numbers. Write your answer in
lowest possible value. (Use mean proportionality)
__________ 1. 9 and 16 __________ 6. 28 and 112
__________ 2. 4 and 25 __________ 7. 1 and 1/9
__________ 3. -4 and -9 __________ 8. 12 and 3/4
__________ 4. 3/8 and 2/3 __________ 9. 3 and 24
__________ 5. 5 and 4/45 __________ 10. 2/3 and 3/8
B. Determine the specified number of geometric means between the given two
extremes of a geometric sequence.
__________ 1. Two geometric means between 3 and 81.
__________ 2. Four geometric means between 243 and -1.
__________ 3. Three geometric means between 4 and 324.
__________ 4. Six geometric means between 1/2 and 64.
__________ 5. Five geometric means between 2 and 128.
__________ 6. Two geometric means between 16 and -2.
__________ 7. Three geometric means between 48 and 3.
__________ 8. Four geometric means between 1 and 1024
__________ 9. Six geometric means between 0.5 and 1 093.5.
__________10. Four geometric means between √2 and 32√2 .
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Activity 2
Find the specified term of the following geometric sequence.
__________ 1. 2, 6, 18, . . . 6th term __________ 6. 2, -10, 50, . . . 7th term
_________ 2. 256, -128, 64, . . . 8 term __________ 7. 3, 1.2, 0.48, . . 12th term
th
Activity 3
A. Solve the indicated sum of the following given geometric series.
__________ 1. 1 + 4 + 16 + . . . S6 ________ 6. 3+(-18)+54+ (-108) + . . . S10
__________ 2. 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + . . . S10 _________ 7. 64 + 16 + 4 + . . . S7
__________ 3. 2 + 6 + 18 + . . . S7 _________ 8. 3 125 + 625 + 125 + . . . S6
__________ 4. (-9) + 6 + (-4) + . . . S8 _________ 9. 972 + (-324) + 108 + . . . S7
__________ 5. 81 + 27 + 9 + . . . S6 _________10. 1 + 7 + 49 + . . . S8
__________11. a1 = 1, r = 2, a8 = 128, S8 = ?
__________12. a1 = -2, r = -2, a6 = 64, S6 = ?
__________13. a1 = 8, r = 2, a10 = 4 096, S10 = ?
__________14. a1 = 9, r = -3, a9 = 59 049, S9 = ?
__________15. a1 = 125/4, r = 2/5, a5 = 4/5, S5 = ?
Activity 4
Determine if each infinite geometric series has a sum. If the sum exists, find the
sum. Write your answer on the space provided for each expression.
______ 1. 4 + 3 + 9/4 + . . . ______ 9. 16 + 1.6 + 0.16 + . . .
______ 2. (-5)+(-0.5)+(-0.05) +(-0.005)+. . ______10. 6 + 2 + 2/3 + 2/9 + . . .
______ 3. 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + . . . ______11. 2 + (-4) + 8 + (-16) + . . .
______ 4. 1 + 1/3 + 1/9 + 1/27 + . . . ______12. 2/3 + (-4) + 24 + . . .
______ 5. 1 + (-1/2) + 1/4 + (-1/8) + . . . ______13. 23 + 2.3 + 0.23 + . . .
______ 6. 4 + 2 + 1 + . . . ______14. √2 + 2 + 2√2 + . . .
______ 7. 4 + 2.4 + 1.44 + . . . ______15. (-10/3) + 2 + (-6/5) + . . .
______ 8. 2 + 4 + 8 + 16 + . . .
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What I Have Learned
To generalize what you have learned in this module part of the module, consider the
following statements.
1. To determine the geometric mean between two terms of the geometric sequence
the formula ± √x y is used.
2. To determine the geometric means between two terms of the geometric sequence,
n−k an
a. determine the common ratio r using the formula r = √ak ,
b. multiply each term by the common ratio to get the term next to it.
3. The nth term of the geometric sequence is determined using the
formula an = a1rn-1.
4. In determining the sum of the first n terms of a finite geometric sequence, the
formula Sn = a1(1 – rn) or Sn = a1 -anr
1–r 1–r
𝑎
5. In computing the sum of an infinite geometric series the formula S = is used.
1−𝑟
What I Can Do
Read, analyze and answer the given problem. Write your answer on a sheet of paper.
During December, Luakan National High School is holding a Gift-giving program for
less fortunate students. Collecting empty bottles was launched as a fund drive of the
said program. A student committed to bring 2 bottles on the launching day of the
drive, 6 on the second day and triple the number of empty plastic bottle each day
until the last day of the drive. If the fund drive is set from December 1 to 6;
a. How many empty plastic bottles will the student bring on the last day?
b. What is the total number of empty plastic bottles that he will contribute?
Assessment
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4. Suppose you drop a tennis ball from a height of 15 feet. After the ball hits the floor
it rebounds to 85% of its previous height. How high will the ball rebound after its
third bounce? Round your answer to the nearest tenth.
a. 9.21 feet b. 12.75 feet c. 15 feet d. 10.84 feet
5. A culture of bacteria doubles every 2 hours. If there are 500 bacteria at the
beginning, how many bacteria will there be after 24 hours?
a. 1 024 400 b. 8 388 000 c. 2 047 500 d. 4 194 000
6. If there are two geometric means between 5 and -40, what is its positive geometric
mean?
a. 10 b. 15 c. 20 d. 35
7. What is the ninth term of the geometric sequence 1/2, 1, 2, 4, . . .?
a. 128 b. 256 c. 64 d. 268
8. The sum to infinity of the geometric series 1 + 0.6 + 0.36 + 0.216 + is . . .
a. 2.5 b. 0.4 c. 0.6 d. no sum
9. Which of the following is the geometric mean between 12 and 3/4?
a. 4 b. 36 c. 9 d. 3
10. What is the 6 term of the geometric sequence 64, 48, 36, . . .?
th
Additional Activities
Read, analyze each problem. Then, answer the questions that follow.
1. Several years ago when Jhan Kenneth started working at the (PENELCO)
Peninsula Electric Cooperative, Inc., where he received a starting salary of ₱240
000 a year. He is now on his fifth year and earning ₱497 664 a year. Assuming
that his yearly income follows a geometric sequence;
a. How much would be his annual salary by next year?
b. How much would be his salary on his third year?
c. How much is his total salary for working in five years in PENELCO?
2. One day you saw an inspirational video on You Tube. At 9a.m you shared a video
link to 3 different persons. Then at 10a.m each of your friends shared it to 3
different persons. Then at 11a.m each of their friends shared it with 3 different
persons. If this pattern kept happening;
a. How many different persons received the link of the video by 5p.m?
b. How many people received the link on the 5th hour?
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Additional Activities Assessment
1. c
1. a. ₱597 196.80 2. d
b. ₱345 600 3. b
c. ₱1 785 984 4. d
5. c
2. a. 29 523 6. c
b. 243 7. a
8. a
9. d
10. b
11. b
12. c
13. c
14. a
15. a
What I Can Do What’s More What’s More What’s More
Activity 4 Activity 3 Activity 2
a. 486 plastic bottles 1. 16 1. 1 365 1. 486
b. 728 plastic bottles 2. -5.56 2. 2 406 2. -2
3. 32 3. 2 186 3. 7 812 500
4. 3/2 4. -1261/243 4. 5/2187
5. 2/3 5. 364/3 5. 59 049/1 024
6. 8 6. -25 914 075 6. 31 250
7. 10 7. 5 461/64 7. 7/55 631 or 0.00013
8. no sum 8. 3 906 8. -7
9. 160/9 9. 2 188/3 9. 4/27
10. 9 10. 960 800 10. 324
11. no sum 11. 255 11. -1/2 048
12. no sum 12. 42 12. 192
13. 230/9 13. 8 184 13. 8/625
14. no sum 14. 44 289 14. -1 572 864
15. -25/12 15. 1 031/20 15. 1/192
What’s More What’s More What’s In What’s In What I Know
Activity 1 Activity 1 B. A. 1. a
B. A. 1. 3 1. A 2. d
1. 9 and 27 1. ± 12 2. 1/4 2. G 3. c
2. -81, 27, -9 and 3 2. ± 10 3. -2/3 3. N 4. b
3. 12, 36, and 108 or 3. ± 6 4. 5 4. G 5. c
-12, 36, and -108 4. ± 1/2 5. 1/3 5. G 6. d
4. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 5. ± 2/3 6. -1 6. A 7. a
5. 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 or 6. ± 56 7. 2√6 7. G 8. c
-4, 8, -16, 32 and -64 7. ± 1/3 8. 2 8. G 9. a
6. -8 and 4 8. ± 3 9. 2x2 9. N 10. a
7. -24, 12,and -6 or 9. ± 6√2 10. G 11. d
10. 1
24, 12, and 6 10. ± 1/2 12. b
8. 4, 16, 64, and 256 13. a
9. 1.5, 4.5, 13.5, 40.5, 14. c
121.5 and 364.5 15. d
10. 2√2, 4√2, 8√2 and 16√2
Answer Key
References
Department of Education. 2015. "Mathematics - Grade 10 Learner's Module".
Manila.
https://www.toppr.com/guides/maths-formulas/geometric-mean-formula/.
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