First Name: Family Name: Student ID:
Practice Set 2_1 (Week 3)
Estimated time to complete: 2 hours
Question 1
Using the method provided in Clause 8.5.3 of AS3600 – Concrete Structures Standard,
calculate the total deflection at mid-span of band beam mentioned in Q1 (e.g. Beam
AB-3 with the span of 7 m) of Practice Set 1. For this calculations, ignore the stiffness
contributions from the slab (i.e. band beam depth is 400 mm and width is 1200 mm).
Concrete strength, f' c = 40 MPa. E c = 32800 MPa (Table A.1, page 518 Textbook).
E s = 200,000 MPa.
The loading results have been calculated from the previous practice class (un-factored
DL=46.94kN/m, un-factored LL=21.3 kN/m). Reinforcement details are as follows:
Mid-span section:
2N24 50 mm
7N24
50 mm
State the relevant clauses from AS3600 for each calculation.
The building is designed to be used as office space. The final design shrinkage strain
ε* cs can be taken as 510×10-6 according to Clause 3.1.7 AS3600-2009.
Calculate the short term and long term deflections.
Steps for Question 1
1. Loading
2. Materials properties
3. Serviceability load combinations (short term and long term)
4. Bending moments
5. Effective second moment of sections
6. Mid-span deflections (short term and long term)
Question 2
Using the Clause 8.5.4 of AS3600, check whether the span-to-depth ratio of the above
band beam would satisfy the deemed to comply requirement.
For the above calculations, you will need to refer to the following:
• Lecture presentations #2 and #3
• Textbook: Reinforced Concrete Basics by Warner, Foster and Kilpatrick, chapter 3.
• Australian standard: AS3600 – 2009 Concrete Structures.
Steps for Question 2
1. Actual depth to span ratio
2. Deemed to comply the span-to-depth ratio using the Clause 8.5.4 of AS3600
3. Compare
Steps for Question 1
1. Loading:
un-factored DL=46.94kN/m, un-factored LL=21.3 kN/m
2. Materials properties:
f’ c = 40 MPa
E c = 32800 MPa (Table A.1,page 518 TextBook)
E s = 200,000 MPa
Es
=
n = 6.1 ψ s = 0.7 , ψ l = 0.4
Ec
A st = 3164 mm2, A sc =904mm2
p w =A st /bd=3164/420000=0.00754
p cw = A sc /bd=904/420000= 0.00215
P w (reinforcement ratio for tensile renforcement)= A st /bd
P cw (reinforcement ratio for compressive renforcement)=A sc /bd
ε* cs 510×10-6
=
3. Serviceability Load combinations (short term and long term)
Short Term
Ws = 46.94 + 0.7(21.3) =
61.85 kN/m
Long Term
Wl = 46.94 + 0.4(21.3) =
55.46 kN/m
4. Bending Moments
Short Term
Ws = 46.94 + 0.7(21.3) =
61.85 kN/m
61.85 × 7 2
=MA = 189.42 kNm
16
61.85 × 7 2
=M B = 303.07 kNm
10
61.85 × 7 2
=M mid = 275.51 kNm
11
Long Term
Wl =46.94 + 0.4(21.3) =
55.46 kN/m
55.46 × 7 2
=MA = 169.85 kNm
16
55.46 × 7 2
=M B = 271.75 kNm
10
55.46 × 7 2
=M Mid = 247.05 kNm
11
5. Effective Second Moment of Sections
3
M
I ef = I cr + ( I g − I cr ) cr
M s , OR TAKE I ef =I cr
Ig
d n ,uncracked can be calculated by solving the equation:
(n-1)Asc * ( d n ,uncracked -50) + B. d n ,uncracked * ( d n ,uncracked /2) = (n-1)Ast* (350-
d n ,uncracked ) + B.(D- d n ,uncracked ) * (D- d n ,uncracked ) /2 , give :
d n ,uncracked =203mm
bD 3 D 2
I=
g + bD × ( − d n ,uncracked ) + Asc (n − 1) × (d n ,uncracked − 50) + Ast × (350 − d n ,uncracked ) ×(n-1)
12 2
= 6.86 ×10 mm
9 4
Icr
Taking the first moment about neutral axis:
dn
(n − 1) Asc (d n − 50) + 1200d n ×= nAst (350 − d n )
2
Solving this equation gives: d n =90mm
Taking the second moment about neutral axis:
1200 × 903
2
90
I cr = + (1200 × 90) × + (n − 1) Asc × (90 − 50) 2 + (nAst ) × (350 − 90) 2 = 1.6 × 109
12 2
mm4
Calculation of Cracked Moment:
( f ct' . f − σ cs ) I g
M cr = (textbook page 77, AS3600 Clause 8.5.3)
yb
= =
f ct' . f 0.6 40 3.79 MPa
Ast 3167
p=
wp = = 0.00754 Pcw=905/(1200x350)=0.00215
bw d 1200 × 350
2.5 pw − 0.8 pcw 2.5 × 0.00754 − 0.8 × 0.00215
=σ cs ( = ) × Es × ε cs * × 200 ×10 =
3
× 510 ×10−6 1.27
1 + 50 pw 1 + 50 × 0.00754
MPa
yb =D − d n ,uncracked =400 − 203 =197 mm.
All the information is now available to calculate:
( f ct' . f − σ cs ) I g (3.79 − 1.27) × 6.86 ×109
=M cr = = 87.75kNm
yb 197
3
M
3
87.75
I ef = I cr + ( I g − I cr ) cr = I cr + ( I g − I cr ) =1.77x10 mm
9
s
M 275
303.07
IIefef ≅
≈ IIcr= 1.6 ×10
cr =1.6x10
9
9 mm
mm
4
6. Mid span deflections (short term and long term)
At mid-span: kcs = − 1.2(905 / 3167) = 1.66 > 0.8ok
22-1.2(904/3164)=1.66>0.8 ok
Mid span deflection is:
70002
9 [
Short-Term: 10 × 275.51 − 189.42 − 303.07 ] =
20.1mm
22mm
96 × 30100 ×1.6 ×10
96×32800×1.6×10 6
70002
Long-Term: 1.66 × [10 × 247.05 − 169.85 − 271.75] =
29.72 mm
36.5mm
96 × 30100 ×1.6 ×106 9
96×32800×1.6×10
Total: 50.43mm
58.5mm
Steps for Question 2
1. Actual depth to span ratio
Lef /d =7000/350=20
2. Deemed to comply the span-to-depth ratio
Mid span p=3164/(350x1200)=0.0075;
β =1 (b ef = b w );
p=0.0075>0.001 f’ c 1/3/ β2/3 =0.0034
k 1,middle =(5-0.04 f’ c )p+0.002<0.1/ β2/3
k 1,middle =(5-0.04*40)*0.0075+0.002=0.0275<0.1 OK
b ef =1200; Ec=32800
Fd,ef=(1+1.66)x46.94 + (0.7+1.66x0.4)21.3 = 153.9 kN/m
1
1 3
0.0275 * *1200 * 32800
250 = 16.5
2.4
*153.9
384
3. Compare
20 (actual L to d value) >16.5 (calculated one). Not satisfied
