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SAMPLE CALCULATON
Section Sheet no./rev.

UNBRACED RC CIRCULAR COLUMN DESIGN 1

Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

RC CIRCULAR COLUMN DESIGN

In accordance with AS 3600-2009

Geometry
Column state; Unbraced
Unsupported length of column; Lu = 3500 mm
Diameter of column; D = 450 mm
Effective height factor; k = 1.20
Reinforcement
Number of longitudinal bars; Nlong = 6
Diameter of longitudinal bar; db_long = 24 mm
Diameter of fitments / helices; db_lat = 10 mm
Material details
Yield strength of longitudinal reinforcement; fy = 500 MPa
Yield strength of fitments; fy,f = 500 MPa
Compressive strength of concrete; f’c = 32 MPa
3
Density of concrete; ρ = 2400 kg/m
Mean insitu compressive strength; fcmi = 35 MPa
1.5
Modulus of elasticity of concrete (cl. 3.1.2); Ec = ρ × 0.043 × √(f'cmi) = ;29910; MPa
Modulus of elasticity of reinforcement (cl. 3.2.2); Es = 200000 MPa
Ultimate concrete strain (cl. 10.6.1); εc = 0.003
Loads and moments (AS 3600 cl. 10.1.2)
Design axial force; N∗d = 1500.0 kN
Smaller end moment; M∗1 = 40.0 kNm
Larger end moment; M∗2 = 80.0 kNm
Smaller design end moment; M∗d1 = max (M∗1, N∗d × 0.05 × D) = 40.0 kNm
Larger design end moment; M∗d2 = max (M∗2, N∗d × 0.05 × D) = 80.0 kNm
Curvature of column bending; Double
Ratio of smaller to larger design moments; MRatio = 0.50
Ratio of axial dead load to total axial load; βd = 0.65
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SAMPLE CALCULATON
Section Sheet no./rev.

UNBRACED RC CIRCULAR COLUMN DESIGN 2

Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

Check for area of steel (AS 3600 cl. 10.7.1)

2 2
Gross area of column; Ag = π × D / 4 = 159043 mm
2 2
Area of longitudinal steel; As = Nlong × (π × db_long ) / 4 = 2714 mm
2
Net area of concrete; Acg = Ag – As = 156329 mm
2
Minimum area of longitudinal steel required; Ast_min = 0.01 × Ag = 1590 mm
PASS - Area of reinforcement is greater than minimum required
2
Maximum area of longitudinal steel limited; Ast_max = 0.04 × Ag = 6362 mm
PASS - Provided longitudinal steel is less than maximum allowable
2
Area of steel in tension; Ast = As / 2 = 1357 mm
2
Area of steel in compression; Asc = As / 2 = 1357 mm
Effective cover to reinforcement; d’ = c + db_lat + (db_long / 2) = 52 mm
Effective depth of column; do = D - d’ = 398 mm
Compressive strength factor; α1 = max(0.72, min(1.0 - 0.003 × f’c/1MPa, 0.85)) = 0.850
Compressive strength factor; α2 = max(0.67, min(1.0 - 0.003 × f’c/1MPa, 0.85)) = 0.850
Rectangular stress block factor; γ = max(0.67, min(1.05 - 0.007 × f’c/1MPa, 0.85)) = 0.826
Slenderness check (AS 3600 cl. 10.5)
Maximum permissible slenderness ratio; srmax = 120
Radius of gyration; rmin = 0.25 × D = 113 mm
Actual slenderness ratio; sract = k × Lu / rmin = 37.3
PASS - Slenderness ratio is less than maximum permissible
Concrete cover
Clear cover to fitments; c = 30 mm
Exposure classification; A2
Formwork and compaction; Standard formwork and compaction
Min cover for exposure class (Table 4.10.3.2); cmin_exp = 25 mm
PASS - The cover provided is adequate for the exposure classification

WARNING – The column isn’t braced in two orthogonal directions

The fire resistance period check cannot be carried out in accordance with Clause 5.6
FRP check is therefore beyond the scope of this calculation and must be performed by some other means

Unbraced column slenderness effect (AS 3600 cl. 10.3.1(b))

Slenderness ratio limit for short column; sr = 22
sract > sr, hence column is slender

Ultimate strength in bending (Mub), when (kuo = 0.545) (AS 3600 cl 10.4.4)
NA depth factor to find ultimate strength in bending; kuo_u = 0.545
Depth of NA from extreme compression face; dn_u = kuo_u × do = 216.9 mm
Depth of equivalent rectangular stress block; au = min ((γ × dn_u), D) = 179.2 mm
Angle made by compression zone; θu = 1.37 rad
2
Area of compression zone; Ac_u = 59041 mm
3
Mmt. of area of comp. zone about center of column; Acy_u = 7126051 mm
Forces and moments carried by steel layers
Layer Angle; Depth Strain; Stress Force Moment
no.; (mm); (MPa); (kN); (kNm);
1; 0.0; 52; 0.002281; 456.16; 206.36; 35.70;
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SAMPLE CALCULATON
Section Sheet no./rev.

UNBRACED RC CIRCULAR COLUMN DESIGN 3

Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

2; 60.0; 139; 0.001084; 216.89; 196.24; 16.97;

3; 120.0; 312; -0.001308; -261.65; -236.73; 20.48;
4; 180.0; 398; -0.002505; -500.00; -226.19; 39.13;
Moment carried by concrete; Mu_con = α2 × f’c × Acy_u = 193.83 kNm
Ultimate strength in bending; Mub = 306.11 kNm
Magnified moment for unbraced column (AS 3600 cl 10.4.3)
Coefficient; km = max (0.4, 0.6 - 0.4 × MRatio) = 0.40

2 2
Buckling load (cl. 10.4.4); Nc = (π / (k × Lu) ) × (182 × do × 0.6 × Mub / (1 + βd)) = ;4511; kN
Moment magnifier for individual column; δb = max (1, km / (1 - (N∗d / Nc))) = 1.00
Ratio storey column loads to buckling loads; ΣN∗/ΣNc = ;0.500
Moment magnifier for unbraced column; δs = 1 / (1 - ΣN∗/ΣNc) = ;2.000
Moment magnifier; δ = max (δb, δs) = 2.00
Magnified small end moment per metre run; Mm1 = δ × M∗d1 = 80.0 kNm
Magnified large end moment per metre run; Mm2 = δ × M∗d2 = 160.0 kNm
Design magnified moment per metre run; M∗d = abs (Mm2) = 160.0 kNm
Balance point compression strength
NA depth factor to find ultimate strength in comp.; kuo_b = 0.003 / (0.003 + (fy / Es)) = 0.545
Depth of NA from extreme compression face; dn_b = kuo_b × do = 217 mm
Depth of equivalent rectangular stress block; ab = min ((γ × dn_b), D) = 179 mm
Angle made by compression zone; θb = 1.37 rad
2
Area of compression zone; Ac_b = 59106 mm
Forces carried by steel layers
Layer Angle; Depth Strain; Stress Force
no.; (mm); (MPa); (kN);
1; 0.0; 52; 0.002281; 456.28; 206.42;
2; 60.0; 139; 0.001086; 217.21; 196.53;
3; 120.0; 312; -0.001305; -260.93; -236.08;
4; 180.0; 398; -0.002500; -500.00; -226.19;
Capacity of concrete in compression; Cb_c = α2 × f’c × Ac_b = 1607.69 kN
Sum of tensile forces by steel; Tb_s = 462.28 kN
Sum of compressive forces by steel; Cb_s = 402.94 kN
Balance point compression strength; Nub = Cb_c + Cb_s - Tb_s = 1548.36 kN
Ultimate strength in compression and bending
NA depth factor to find ultimate strength in comp.; ku = 0.70000
Depth of NA from extreme compression face; dn = ku × do = 279 mm
Depth of equivalent rectangular stress block; a = min ((γ × dn), D) = 230 mm
Angle made by compression zone; θ = 1.59 rad
2
Area of compression zone; Ac = 81827 mm
3
Mmt. of area of comp. zone about center of column; Acy = 7587844 mm
Forces and moments carried by steel layers
Layer Angle; Depth Strain; Stress Force Moment
no.; (mm); (MPa); (kN); (kNm);
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SAMPLE CALCULATON
Section Sheet no./rev.

UNBRACED RC CIRCULAR COLUMN DESIGN 4

Calc. by Date Chk'd by Date App'd by Date

1; 0.0; 52; 0.002440; 488.01; 220.77; 38.19;

2; 60.0; 139; 0.001509; 301.72; 272.99; 23.61;
3; 120.0; 312; -0.000354; -70.85; -64.11; 5.55;
4; 180.0; 398; -0.001286; -257.14; -116.33; 20.12;
Capacity of concrete in compression; Cc_u = α2 × f’c × Ac = 2225.69 kN
Moment carried by concrete; Mcon_u = α2 × f’c × Acy = 206.39 kNm
Sum of tensile forces by steel; Ts_u = 180.44 kN
Sum of compressive forces by steel; Cs_u = 493.76 kN
Ultimate strength in compression; Nu = Cc_u + Cs_u - Ts_u = 2539.02 kN
Ultimate strength in bending; Mu = 293.87 kNm
Capacity reduction factor for Nu >= Nub
Capacity reduction factor (table 2.2.2); φbc = 0.60
Design strength of column
By iteration the position of the neutral axis has been determined at which point the axial load capacity is approximately
equal to (but slightly greater than) the design axial load. The moment capacity at this axial load has then been calculated
and is compared to the design moment.
Design strength of column in compression; N = φbc × Nu = 1523.4 kN
PASS - Column is safe in axial loading
Design strength of column in bending; M = φbc × Mu = 176.3 kNm
PASS - Column is safe in bending

Fitment requirements (AS3600 cl. 10.7.3 & 10.7.4)

Minimum diameter of fitments; db_lat_min = 10 mm
Diameter of fitments specified; db_lat = 10 mm
PASS - Size of specified fitments is adequate
Max allowable fitment spacing; sb_lat_max = min(D, 15 × db_long) = 360.0 mm
Design status
PASS - Column is safe