But in this connection we must bear in mind Andrew Lang’s warning that even primitive peoples have
not retained the original forms of those institutions nor the conditions which gave rise to them; so that
we have nothing whatever but hypotheses to fall back upon as a substitute for the observations which
we are without.2
Some of the attempted explanations seem, in the judgment of a psychologist, inadequate at the very
outset:
they are too rational and take no account of the emotional character of the matters to be explained.
The conclusion upon most of the points raised must be a non liquet. It is not surprising, therefore, that
in the most recent literature on the subject (which is for the most part passed over in the present work)
an u
nmistakable tendency emerges to reject any general solution of totemic problems as impracticable.
(See,
for instance, Goldenweiser, 1910.)