DISASTER READINESS RISK REDUCTION

Quarter 2- Module 9:
Hazard Maps and Tools for Monitoring
Hydro-meteorological Hazards

Photo Credit: Ferdinand A. Cabeguin

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2– Module 9: Hazard Maps and Tools for Monitoring Hydro-meteorological
Hazards

First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition, payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials included in this module are owned by the respective copyright
holders. Effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from the
respective copyright owners. The publisher and author do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary:
Undersecretary:
Assistant Secretary:
Development Team of the Module
Authors: Ferdinand A. Cabeguin
Editor:
Reviewers:

Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:

Printed in the Philippines by _____________________________

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd – BLR)
Office Address: ______________________________________
Telefax: ______________________________________
E-mail Address: ______________________________________
 Disaster Readiness and
Risk Reduction
Quarter 2 – Module 9:
Hazard Maps and Tools for Monitoring
Hydro-meteorological Hazards

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and

reviewed by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and
or/universities. We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to
email their feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of
Education at [email protected].

We value your feedback and recommendations.

 Department of Education – Republic of the Philippines

What I need to know...?

This module will assist you in understanding causes of fire, precautionary measures and
basic response procedure including fire emergency and evacuation plan.

Lesson 1…………Interpret different hydro-meteorological hazard maps.

Lesson 2………. Use available tools for monitoring hydro-meteorological hazards

What you are expected to learn...

After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Determine whether an area is safe from hydro-meteorological hazard;
2. Use available online tools for monitoring impending hydro-meteorological
hazards.

How to learn from this module...

To achieve the objectives of this module, do the following:

1. Read and follow instructions carefully.

2. Answer the pre-test before you start the lesson.
3. Observe the time allocation to finish this module/kit.
4. Jot down notes and records points for clarifications.
5. Try to achieve at least 75% level of proficiency in the test.
6. Work religiously and diligently.
7. Answer the post-test honestly.
 What to do before (Pretest)...

Direction: In a separate sheet of paper, write the letter of the correct answer.

1. It is a sudden event that causes the loss of lives. (to be replaced)

a) Hazard
b) Exposure
c) Disaster
d) Vulnerability
2. What law provides for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management?
a) RA 10121
b) RA 10211
c) RA 1121
d) RA 121
3. Philippines is prone to calamities because it is ______.
a) A poor country.
b) A tourist spots.
c) An archipelago.
d) An Atlantic Ocean.
4. An event becomes a disaster when there are ______.
a) no casualties
b) many casualties
c) hazards
d) none of the above
5. A danger or risk that may cause loss of life and livelihood is called ______.
a) Hazard
b) Exposure
c.) Disaster
d.) Vulnerability
6. Which of the following shows disaster?
a) A typhoon leaving no damage
b) A landslide in a non-populous area leaving no casualty
c) A storm surge with many fatalities
d) A vehicular accident causing the death of the driver
7. What is the Pacific Ring of Fire?
a. A horseshoe shape area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where volcanoes are
aligned.
b. A U-shape area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where volcanoes are located.
c. A circle shape area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where volcanoes are
aligned.
d. A circle shape area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where volcanoes are
aligned.
8. Which of the following are risk factors underlying disaster EXCEPT?
a) Age
b) Severity of exposure
c) Persons with disability
d) Educational attainment
9. These following are the effects of disaster EXCEPT:
a) Population displacement
b) Food scarcity
c) Continuity of livelihood
d) Emotional aftershock
Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2– Module 9: Hazard Maps and Tools for Monitoring Hydro-meteorological
Hazards
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition, payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials included in this module are owned by the respective copyright
holders. Effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from the
respective copyright owners. The publisher and author do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.
Published by the Department of Education
Secretary:
Undersecretary:
Assistant Secretary:
Development Team of the Module
Author: Ferdinand A. Cabeguin
Editor:
Reviewers:

Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:

Printed in the Philippines by _____________________________

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd – BLR)
Office Address: ______________________________________
Telefax: ______________________________________
E-mail Address: ______________________________________
 Lesson Interpret Different Hydro-
1 meteorological Hazard Maps

Recent advances in science and technology particularly on WebGIS allows capability for
real-time information to be available when you need it, where you need it. There are various
uses of this technology particularly is disaster risk reduction management. The current
University of the Philippines’ Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards (UP NOAH
Center), formerly known as the Philippine’s Department of Science and Technology’s
Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards (DOST- Project NOAH), is a nationwide
disaster management program that aims to improve the government and the Filipino people’s
capacity to respond against the impact and effect of extreme weather conditions using this
state-of-the-art technology. In this effect, hydro-meteorological hazard maps can provide
real-time and comprehensive information for community use to prevent or mitigate the effects
of these hazards.

Review

What’s in (Balikan)
In the previous lesson, you learned how to recognize the signs of impending hyro-
meteorological hazards. Hazards such as typhoons may trigger flash floods and landslides
causing damage to properties and infrastructures even harming people. There is also the
potential of developing storm surge in vulnerable coastal communities. Therefore
recognizing the signs and taking early appropriate actions are essential steps in preventing or
mitigating the effects of hydro-meteorological hazards..

What’s New…
Hazard maps…
A hazard map is a map that highlights areas that are affected by or are vulnerable to a
particular hazard. They are typically created for natural hazards, such as earthquakes,
volcanoes, landslides, flooding and tsunamis.
Cutting edge technology…
According to UP NOAH’s Executive Director, Dr. Alfredo Mahar Lagmay: Using frontier
science and cutting edge-technology, scientists from Project NOAH generate at least
1:10,000 scale hazard maps to empower communities in their efforts to reduce the adverse
consequences of climate change as well as harness any of its beneficial aspects. Project
NOAH scientists understand and map natural hazards to meet their real objective, which is to
identify suitable areas for the development of communities adapted to climate change and
provide locations of the safest sites for evacuation and placement of critical facilities. They
understand that knowing the hazards without identifying suitable areas to avoid disasters will
not help communities adapt to climate change. This highly interactive technology can be
accessed through http://noah.up.edu.ph/#/ and https://center.noah.up.edu.ph/resources/.

Fig. 1 Webpage of NOAH

Fig. 2: Flood Hazard Map of Cagayan de Oro City
http://noah.up.edu.ph/#/section/geoserver/flood5

Fig.3 A Hazard map showing the levels of hazard

https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1001074216314693-fx1_lrg.jpg

Fig.4 MGB Provides Geohazard Maps

http://mgb.gov.ph/en/2015-05-13-02-02-11/mgb-news/303-mgb-s-geohazard-maps-now-
viewable-and-downloadable-online.retrieved onMay 26,2020

What will you do…

Activity 1: Interpreting hydro-meteorological hazard maps
Direction: Use the information provided below.

HazardHunterPH is a tool that can be used to generate indicative hazard

assessment reports on the user's specified location. It is helpful as a reference of
property owners, buyers, land developers, planners, and other stakeholders needing
immediate hazard information and assessment. It aims to increase people's awareness
to natural hazards and advocates the implementation of plans to prepare for and
mitigate the effects of hazards.

All information used for the calculation of hazard assessment results are based on
the most recent updates provided by the corresponding mandated government
agencies through the GeoRiskPH Integrated System.

https://hazardhunter.georisk.gov.ph/
 What is it (Suriin)…

Discussion of Activity 1
1. What does it mean to your family to live in areas that are prone to flooding?
2. How will you reduce your risk (Mitigation) if you live in those areas? Is it possible for
your family to relocate? Why not?
3. What do you understand about “No habitation/No build zone”? Explain your idea if you
agree or disagree with this.

Enrichment Activities

DENR to LGUs: Use geohazard maps to strengthen disaster management

By Susan G. De Leon
QUEZON CITY, Nov. 4 (PIA)--The Department of Environment and Natural Resources
(DENR) is calling on all local government units (LGUs) to strengthen their disaster prepared
and management by using the geological hazard maps distributed by the national
government.
In a statement, Environment Secretary Roy A. Cimatu said it is highly imperative for LGUs,
especially those in Mindanao, to take a look at the geohazard maps prepared by the Mines
and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) and take note of areas declared as highly susceptible for
flooding and landslide.
“Those maps are very useful when it comes making plans for disaster management as it
identifies various areas that are susceptible to floods, landslides, liquefaction and other
ground instabilities such as vulnerabilities to earthquakes,” Cimatu said
“It also determines possible settlement sites, properties and infrastructures that are most
likely to be affected by the disaster,” Cimatu added.
The DENR chief had already instructed the MGB to ascertain that all local government
officials have copies of the geohazard maps, including those who were elected for the first
time in the May 2019 polls. Cimatu referred to the geohazard map as a “life-saving tool,” as
he warned that the continuous occurrences of aftershocks and frequent rain shower “could
aggravate things.”
Around 200,000 maps, at a scale of 1:10,000, have been produced and distributed to LGUs,
national government agencies, schools, and civil society groups and private organizations
engaged in disaster mitigation and relief activities.
A total of 1,618 municipalities nationwide were covered by the MGB’s geohazard mapping
program.
Cimatu has ordered the MGB to double its efforts in updating the maps, especially in areas
that have been recently hit by typhoons and earthquakes.
“Earthquakes and rains are a deadly combination,” Cimatu pointed out. “Mountainous and
hilly areas that experience earthquakes and intense rainfall render these areas highly
susceptible to landslides,” Cimatu said.
MGB Director Wilfredo Moncano said that teams of geologists and mining engineers were
immediately dispatched to areas affected by the earthquakes and typhoons to conduct Rapid
Damage Assessment (RDA) activities.
RDA aims to identify landslide areas and new landslide-prone areas that may have formed as
a result of the earthquake and typhoon.
“Five RDA teams are now working in Region 11 and five RDA teams in Region 12,” Moncano
said.
Aside from MGB personnel, also part of the RDA teams are engineers from the Department
of Public Works and Highways and members of the concerned local Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Office.
The geohazard maps can be accessed on the websites of the DENR (www.denr.gov.ph) and
the MGB (www.mgb.gov.ph). These maps are available in 1:50,000 and 1:10,000 scales.
(PIA-NCR/DENR)
https://reliefweb.int/report/philippines/denr-lgus-use-geohazard-maps-strengthen-disaster-
management.retrieved on May 26,2020
What’s more (Pagyamanin)
Use REAP Protocol and complete the table below.
Read and indicate the title and Elaborate by writing your understanding about
author and the website (1 point) this news article using your own words. (2
Points)

Annotate by writing the most Ponder what you have read and write what
important information only (2 the author would like you to really know. You
points) can also write at least 2 questions about this
news. (5 points)

Generalization

What I have learned (Isaisip)

Complete the sentence stem below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. The hydro-meteorological hazard maps will help me by
__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________because___________
______________________________________________________________
 Application

What I can do (Isagawa)

Your task is to use the information provided below( you have the option of generating your
own if you have the internet connection) and determine the Storm Surge (PAGASA)
assessment of the area with location icon. Explain how you came up with this assessment.
What are your bases? Take note that there is no assessment on storm surge in the area
since the data are being updated.

Click”View Report with Recommendations to generate the assessment

 Additional Activities (Karagdagan Gawain)

Your task is to determine which areas or place is the safest to build your house. Describe the
criteria of choosing these area/areas. Use the hydro-meteorological flood hazard map below.
Submit all your output next meeting.

Flood Hazard Map of Cagayan de Oro Cityhttp://noah.up.edu.ph/#/section/geoserver/flood100

.
Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction – Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2– Module 9: Hazard Maps and Tools for Monitoring Hydro-meteorological
Hazards
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: “No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition, payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials included in this module are owned by the respective copyright
holders. Effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from the
respective copyright owners. The publisher and author do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary:
Undersecretary:
Assistant Secretary:
Development Team of the Module
Author: Ferdinand A. Cabeguin
Editor:
Reviewers:

Illustrator:
Layout Artist:
Management Team:

Printed in the Philippines by _____________________________

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd – BLR)
Office Address: ______________________________________

Telefax: ______________________________________
E-mail Address: ______________________________________
 Lesson Use Available Tools for Monitoring
2 Hydro-meteorological Hazards

Various on-line tools provide real-time monitoring of hydro-meteorological hazards. In fact,

applications to mobile phones can be downloaded for free. However, the same resources,
tools and information associated with hydro-meteorological hazards can be accessed or
provided by the local government units through the local DRRMC.

Review

What’s in (Balikan)
In the previous lesson, you learned the importance of interpreting hydro-
meteorological hazard maps in reducing the risk of your community. However, the information
may be incomplete since it needs further validation. Your role as a resident is therefore
important in making use of available information and provide enlightened decisions if the
information are limited so that you can act accordingly to prevent or mitigate the impacts of
hazards to your family and community.

What’s New…
Online tools and resources for monitoring hydro-meteorological
hazards….
Project NOAH (Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards)

Project NOAH is the Department of Science and Technology’s (DOST) response to the call of
President Benigno S. Aquino III for a more accurate, integrated, and responsive disaster
prevention and mitigation system, especially in high-risk areas throughout the Philippines.

The Project will harness technologies and management services for disaster risk reduction
activities offered by the DOST through PAGASA, PHIVOLCS, and the DOST-Advanced
Science and Technology Institute (ASTI), in partnership with the UP National Institute of
Geological Sciences and the UP College of Engineering.

The Project has the following components:

• Distribution of Hydrometeorological Devices in hard-hit areas in the Philippines

(Hydromet). A total of 600 automated rain gauges (ARG) and 400 water level monitoring
stations (WLMS) will be installed along the country’s 18 major river basins (RBs) by
December 2013 to provide a better picture of the country’s surface water in relation to
flooding.

• Disaster Risk Exposure Assessment for Mitigation – Light Detection and Ranging
(DREAM-LIDAR) Project. The project, which is targeted to be completed by December
2013, aims to produce more accurate flood inundation and hazard maps in 3D for the
country’s flood-prone and major river systems and watersheds.

• Enhancing Geohazards Mapping through LIDAR. The project, which is targeted to be

completed by December 2014, shall use LIDAR technology and computer-assisted analyses
to identify exact areas prone to landslides.

• Coastal Hazards and Storm Surge Assessment and Mitigation

(CHASSAM). CHASSAM, which is targeted to be completed by December 2014, will
generate wave surge, wave refraction, and coastal circulation models to understand and
recommend solutions for coastal erosion.

• Flood Information Network (FloodNET) Project. Targeted to be completed by December

2013 is a flood center that will provide timely and accurate information for flood early warning
systems. The FloodNET Project will come up with computer models for the critical RBs,
automate the process of data gathering, modeling and information output, and release flood
forecasts.

• Local Development of Doppler Radar Systems (LaDDeRS). LaDDeRS seeks to develop

local capacity to design, fabricate, and operate sub-systems of Doppler radars for remotely
sensing the dynamic parameters of sea surface such as wave, wind field, and surface current
velocity.

• Landslide Sensors Development Project. This project is a low-cost, locally developed,

sensor-based early monitoring and warning system for landslides, slope failures, and debris
flow. As of May 2012, ten sensors have been installed in San Francisco, Surigao del Norte;
Tago, Surigao del Sur; Tublay, Bugias, and Bokod in Benguet; Guihulngan City, Negros
Occidental; St. Bernard, Southern Leyte; and Tubungan, Iloilo. Additional sensors are
expected to be deployed to not less than 50 sites by 2013.

• Weather Hazard Information Project (WHIP). WHIP involves the utilization of platforms
such as television (DOSTv) and a web portal (http://noah.dost.gov.ph), which display real-
time satellite, Doppler radar, ARG, and WLMS data to empower LGUs and communities to
prepare against extreme natural hazards. This is complemented by activities, such as: a)
conducting of IEC (Information, Education, and Communication) activities; and b) the
processing and packaging of relevant and up-to-date information for public use.

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/programs/about-project-noah/
The components of Project NOAH has been realized and can be accessed at
http://noah.up.edu.ph/. On the upper-right side of the page you will see a button “How to use”
the features of NOAH.

http://noah.up.edu.ph/#/

http://noah.up.edu.ph/#/section/geoserver/flood5

Explore the buttons on the left side to use the following: weather, flood, landslide, storm
surge etc.
 Another source of more detailed hazard maps which will be useful for monitoring hydro-
meteorological hazards is LiDAR Portal. LiPAD serves as the primary data access and
distribution center of the Phil-LiDAR 1 and Phil-LiDAR 2 Programs, a Department of Science
and Technology initiative that engages the University of the Philippines and fifteen (15)
Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) throughout the country, with the aim to produce detailed
flood hazard and resource maps using LiDAR technology.

The datasets, which include Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), Digital Terrain Models
(DTMs), Orthophotos, Classified LAZ, Flood Hazard Maps and Resource Maps, are available
for download in open and GIS-ready formats, for use by Local Government Units (LGUs),
National Government Agencies (NGAs), members of the academe, and researchers, among
others.

https://lipad.dream.upd.edu.ph/#home

What will you do…

Activity 1: Community Transect Walk
Direction: Do a transect walk in your barangay or community. You may choose a well-
established trail along the river etc. Take note of the terrain/road as you walk along. Are
there creeks, rivers, landslide prone areas? Are there people living along these areas? Take
note also the population density or the number of people who lives in a given area. What
have you noticed to the building structures? Is it made up of light materials? Are there
children? Pregnant women? Old people? Also, draw the area and indicate hazards from
storm, landslides, storm surge etc. using color codes used in the hazard map above. You will
present your output during our next meeting.
 What is it (Suriin)…

Discussion of Activity 1
1. What did you discover as you do the transect walk?
2. What is the importance of reporting your findings/observations to those that will be
directly affected by hydro-meteorological hazards?

Enrichment Activities

What’s more (Pagyamanin)

Conduct an investigation regarding individuals/families that are vulnerable to
hydro-meteorological hazards in your community. Complete the needed information.
Location:
Family Describe where Type of hydro- Suggested
the house is meteorological Hazard/s Prevention/Mitiga
located tion Measures

Generalization

What I have learned (Isaisip)

Complete the sentence stem below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
The most important knowledge I learned are
__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________because________________
_________________________________________________________

Application

What I can do (Isagawa)

Depending on your resources, if you have internet access visit the sites being mentioned
above. Explore the site particularly on weather button on Tropical Cyclone Tracks, satellites,
etc. If you have no access, try to document the weather report from the radio or TV. Confirm
weather predictions from the actual observations in your locality.

Additional Activities (Karagdagan Gawain)

Find online reports about Tropical Storm Yolanda that devastated large areas in the
Visayas You may use online sources that show how the storm developed overtime. If you
can time travel during those time and becomes a resident of the local community of
Tacloban, how could you have mitigated the effects of this disaster at least at the family level
and at most to people living near you?
Write what your thoughts and feelings after the storm passes and survived the ordeal.