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Advanced Smart Card Based Digital Energy Meter Using Atmel Microcontroller

This document describes a smart card based digital energy meter that uses an Atmel microcontroller. It calculates energy consumption using output pulses from an energy meter chip and the microcontroller's internal counter. A smart card stores the number of recharged units. A relay system isolates or connects the electrical load depending on the remaining units. Readings like consumption, demand, recharged units and remaining units are stored and displayed on an LCD.

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122 views6 pages

Advanced Smart Card Based Digital Energy Meter Using Atmel Microcontroller

This document describes a smart card based digital energy meter that uses an Atmel microcontroller. It calculates energy consumption using output pulses from an energy meter chip and the microcontroller's internal counter. A smart card stores the number of recharged units. A relay system isolates or connects the electrical load depending on the remaining units. Readings like consumption, demand, recharged units and remaining units are stored and displayed on an LCD.

Uploaded by

JDNET TECHNOLOGIES
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced smart card based digital energy meter

using Atmel microcontroller


ABSTRACT:

This paper presents a single phase digital prepaid energy meter based on

microcontrollers and a single phase energy meter. This digital prepaid energy meter does not

have any rotating parts. The energy consumption is calculated using the output pulses of the

energy meter chip and the internal counter of microcontroller (Atmel controller).

A microcontroller (Atmel) is used as a smart card and the numbers of units recharged by

the consumers are written in it. A relay system has been used which either isolates or establishes

the connection between the electrical load and energy meter through the supply mains depending

upon the units present in the smart card. Energy consumption (kWh), maximum demand (kW),

total unit recharged (kWh) and rest of the units (kWh) are stored in the Atmel to ensure the

accurate measurement even in the event of an electrical power outage that can be easily read

from a LCD.

As soon as the supply is restored, energy meter restarts with the stored values. A single

phase prepaid energy meter prototype has been implemented to provide measurement up to 40A

load current and 230V line to neutral voltage. Necessary program for microcontrollers are

written in c-language and compiled by Win-Atmel compiler.

Keywords - : Zigbee, LCD, RFID TAG, RFID READER

The present system of energy metering as well as billing in Bangladesh which uses

electromechanical and somewhere digital energy meter is error prone and it consumes more time

and labor. The conventional electromechanical meters are being replaced by new electronic
meters to improve accuracy in meter reading. Still, the Indian power sector faces a serious

problem of revenue collection for the actual electric energy supplied owing to energy thefts and

network losses.

One of the prime reasons is the traditional billing system which is inaccurate many times,

slow, costly, and lack in flexibility as well as reliability. Meters, in the past and today in a few

countries, were electromechanical devices with poor accuracy and lack of configurability.

Theft detection was also a challenge. Recent developments in this direction seem to

provide opportunities in implementing energy efficient metering technologies that are more

precise, accurate, error free, etc.

A Prepaid Energy Meter enables power utilities to collect electricity bills from the

consumers prior to its consumption. The prepaid meter is not only limited to Automated Meter

Reading but is also attributed with prepaid recharging ability and information exchange with the

utilities pertaining to customer’s consumption details.

The use of electronic token prepayment metering has been widely used in UK for

customers with poor record of payment. A paper suggests a design of a system which can be

used for data transmission between the personal computer and smart card.

This project uses regulated 5V, 750mA power supply. 7805 three terminal voltage

regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac

output of secondary of 230/18V step down transformer.


BLOCK DIAGRAM: TRANSMITTER

LCD Display

RFID TAG

Energy Meter

RFID
Controller
READER RELAY LOAD

MAX232

MAX232 ZIGBEE

RELAY LOAD

POWER SUPPLY:

STEP DOWN RECTIFIER FILTER REGULATOR


TRANSFORM
ER
BLOCK DIAGRAM: RECEIVER

PC Max232 ZIGBEE

POWER SUPPLY:

Step down Bridge Filter


Voltage
T/F rectifier
regulator
SOFTWARE:

 EMBEDDED ‘C’

 RIDE TO WRITE CODE

 ISP TO BURN THE CHIP

 KEIL COMPILER.

HARDWARE:

 POWER SUPPLY

 ATMEL CONTROLLER

 RFID READER

 RFID TAG

 RELAY

 LOAD

 ZIGBEE PROTOCAL

 LCD MODULE
ADVANTAGES:

 Wireless controlled is easy

 More useful in remote areas

 More help full to save people

 Easily operated

APPLICATIONS:

 Power management applications

 Electricity bill collection system

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