FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE
BY,
KAVIYA A
ISWARYA LAKSHIMI S
FRANCY SHARON S
YOGESH R
SRINIVAS KUMAR BV
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
TYPES OF FRC
COMPONENTS OF FRC
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRC
APPLICATIONS
ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FRC AND NRC
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
CASE STUDY
REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE:
CONCRETE CONTAINING CEMENT,WATER, AGGREGATE, AND
DISCONTINUOUS UNIFORMLY
DISPERSED OR DISCRETE FIBRES IS CALLED FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
IT IS COMPOSITE OBTAINED BY ADDING A SINGLE TYPE OR A BEND OF FIBRES
TO THE CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE MIX.
FIBRE CAN BE IN FORM OF STEEL FIBRES, GLASS FIBRES, NATURAL FIBRES,
SYNTHETIC FIBRES, ETC.
WHY FIBRES ARE USED?
MAIN ROLE OF FIBRE IS TO BRIDGE THE CRACKS THAT DEVELOP IN CONCRETE
AND INCREASE THE DURABILITY OF CONCRETE ELEMENTS.
THERE IS CONSIDERABLE IMPROVEMENT IN THE POST CRACKING BEHAVIOUR OF
CONCRETE CONTAINING FIBRES DUE TO BOTH PLASTIC SHRINKAGE AND DRYING
SHRINKAGE.
SOME TYPES OF FIBRE PRODUCE GREATER ABRASION AND SHATTER RESISTANCE IN
CONCRETE.
THEY ALSO REDUCE PERMEABILITY OF CONCRETE AND THUS REDUCE BLEEDING
OF WATER
IMPARTS MORE RESISTANCE TO IMPACT LOAD
TYPES OF FRC
STEEL FIBRES
GLASS FIBRES
CARBON FIBRES
CELLULOSE FIBRES
SYNTHETIC FIBRES
POLYPROPYLENE FIBRES
NYLON FIBRES
NATURAL FIBRES
COIR FIBRES
HAY FIBRES
CCTV HEADQUARTERS,CHINA
(STEEL FIBRE CONCRETE)
STEEL FRC
ASPECT RATIOS OF 30 TO 250
DIAMETERS VARY FROM 0.25mm TO 0.75mm
HIGH STRUCTURAL STRENGTH
REDUCED CRACK WIDTHS AND CONTROL THE CRACK
WIDTHS TIGHTLY THUS IMPROVING DURABILITY
IMPROVE IMPACT AND ABRASION RESISTANCE
USED IN PRECAST AND STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS
HIGHWAY AND AIRPORT PAVEMENTS, REFRACTORY AND
CANAL LININGS, FACTORY FLOORINGS, BRIDGE DECKS ETC
GLASS FRC
HIGH TENSILE STRENGTH 1020 TO 4080
N/mm
GENERALLY FIBRES OF LENGTH 25 mm ARE
USED
IMPROVEMENT IN IMPACT STRENGTH
INCREASED FLEXURAL STRENGTH DUCTILITY
AND RESISTANCE TO THERMAL SHOCK
USED IN FORMWORK, SWIMMING POOL,
DUCTS AMD ROOF, SEWER LINING ETC.
CARBON FRC
IT IS A TYPE OF CONCRETE THAT IS REINFORCED WITH
CARBON FIBRES.
IT IS A NEW HIGHLY STRESSABLE LIGHT WEIGHT
COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION THAT COMBINES SPECIAL
FINE GRAIN ULTRA HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE AND
CARBON FIBRES.
CARBON FIBRES ARE MOSTLY USED FOR REPAIR PURPOSE
OF OLD STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS AGAINST SHEAR AND
FLEXURE FAILURE.
IT IS CORROSION FREE AND EASY TO HANDLE AND
HIGHLY FIRE RESISTANCE.
CELLULOSE FRC
RELATIVELY LOW-COST AND ENERGY-EFFICIENT MATERIALS
WITH DESIRABLE SHORT-TERM MECHANICAL PROPERTIES CAN
BE CONSTRUCTED USING CELLULOSE FIBERS AS CEMENT
REINFORCEMENT
THE GROWTH OF CEMENT HYDRATION PRODUCTS WITHIN THE
HOLLOW CELLULOSE FIBERS MAY ALSO LEAD TO EXCESSIVE
FIBER-TO-MATRIX BONDING AND BRITTLE FAILURE AFTER
EXPOSURE TO NATURAL WEATHERING.
THE CEMENT COMPOSITES INCORPORATED 2 PERCENT MASS
FRACTIONS OF KRAFT PULP.
SYNTHETIC FRC
SYNTHETIC FIBRES
MAN MADE FIBRES FROM MAN MADE PETRO CHEMICAL AND TEXTILE
INDUSTRY
CHEAP, ABUNDANTLY ABAILABLE
HIGH CHEMICAL RESISTANCE
HIGH MELTING POINT
LOW MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
ITS TYPES ARE ACRALIC, ARAMID, CARBON, NYLON, POLYESTER,
POLYETHYLENE, POLYPROPYLENE, ETC.
APPLICATION IN CLADDING PANEL AND SHOTCREATE
NATURAL FRC
OBTAINED AT LOW COST.
LOW LEVEL OF ENERGY USING
LOCAL MAN POWER AND
TECHNOLOGY.
JUTE,COIR AND BAMBOO ARE
EXAMPLES.
THEY MAY UNDERGO ORGANIC
DECAY.
LOW MODULES OF ELASTICITY,HIGH
IMPACT STRENGTH.
COMPONENTS
COMPONENTS STANDARD AMOUNT
CEMENT CONTENT 325 TO 550 kg/m³
W/C RATIO 0.4 TO 0.6
PERCENTAGE OF SAND TO TOTAL 50 TO 100 %
AGGREGATE
MAXIMUM AGGREGATE SIZE 10mm
AIR CONTENT 2 TO 9 %
FIBRE CONTENT 0.9kg/m³
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FRC
SPLITTING TENSILE STRENGTH:
THE PRESENCE OF 3 PERCENT FIBRE BY VOLUME WAS
REPORTED TO INCREASE THE SPLITTING TENSILE
STRENGTH OF MORTAR ABOUT 2.5 TIMES THAT OF
UNREINFORCED ONE
TOUGHNESS:
FOR FRC, TOUGHNESS IS ABOUT 10 TO 40 TIMES THAT OF
PLAIN CONCRETE
FATIGUE STRENGTH:
THE ADDITION OF FIBRES INCREASES FATIGUE STRENGTH
OF ABOUT 90 PERCENT
IMPACT RESISTANCE:
THE IMPACT STRENGTH FOR FIBROUS CONCRETE IS GENERALLY 5 TO 10 TIMES
THAT OF PLAIN CONCRETE DEPENDING ON THE VOLUME OF FIBRE
FLEXURE
INCREASE DUCTILITY, TENSILE STRENGTH, MOMENT CAPACITY, AND
STIFFNESS.
TORSION
ELIMINATE THE SUDDEN FAILURE CHARACTERISTIC OF PLAIN CONCRETE
BEAMS.
HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE
FIBRES INCREASES THE DUCTILITY OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE. FIBER
ADDITION WILL HELP IN CONTROLLING CRACKS AND DEFLECTIONS
SHEAR
ADDITION OF FIBRES INCREASES SHEAR CAPACITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS UPTO 100
PERCENT.
CRACKING AND DEFLECTION
CONTROLS CRACKING AND DEFLECTION
APPLICATIONS
HYDRAULIC STRUCTURES — DAMS, SPILLWAYS, STILLING BASINS, AND
SLUICEWAYS AS NEW OR REPLACEMENT SLABS OR OVERLAYS TO RESIST
CAVITATION DAMAGE
AIRPORT AND HIGHWAY PAVING AND OVERLAYS – PARTICULARLY
WHERE A THINNER-THAN-NORMAL SLAB IS DESIRED
INDUSTRIAL FLOORS — FOR IMPACT RESISTANCE AND RESISTANCE TO
THERMAL SHOCK
EXAMPLE OF SYNTHETIC:
HEYDAR ALIYEV CENTRE
REFRACTORY CONCRETE — USING HIGH-ALUMINA CEMENT IN BOTH
CASTABLE AND SHOTCRETE APPLICATIONS
FOUNDATION SLABS FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
BRIDGE DECKS — AS AN OVERLAY OR TOPPING WHERE THE PRIMARY
STRUCTURAL SUPPORT IS PROVIDED BY AN UNDERLYING REINFORCED
CONCRETE DECK
IN SHOTCRETE LININGS — FOR UNDERGROUND SUPPORT IN TUNNELS AND
MINES, USUALLY WITH ROCK BOLTS
IN SHOTCRETE COVERINGS — TO STABILIZE ABOVE GROUND ROCK OR SOIL
SLOPES, E.G., HIGHWAY AND RAILWAY CUTS, AND EMBANKMENTS
THIN SHELL STRUCTURES — SHOTCRETE “FOAM DOMES”
EXAMPLE OF GLASS FIBRE :
THE BROAD, LOS ANGELS
EXPLOSION-RESISTANT STRUCTURES — USUALLY IN COMBINATION WITH
REINFORCING BARS
A POSSIBLE FUTURE USE IN SEISMIC-RESISTANT STRUCTURES
ADVANTAGES
HIGH MODULUS OF ELASTICITY FOR EFFECTIVE LONG TERM REINFORCEMENT,EVEN IN THE HARDENED CONCRETE.
DOES NO RUST NOR CORRODE AND REQUIRES NO MINIMUM COVER.
IDEAL ASPECT RATIO WHICH MAKES THEM EXCELLENT FOR EARLY-AGE PERFORMANCE.
EASILY PLACED,CAST,SPRAYED AND LESS LABOUR INTENSIVE THAN PLACING REBAR.
GREATER REFINED TOUGHNESS IN CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE MIXES.
HIGH FLEXURAL STRENGTH DEPENDING ON ADDITION RATE.
CAN BE MADE INTO THIN SHEETS OR IRREGULAR SHAPES.
FRC POSSESSES ENOUGH PLASTICITY TO GO UNDER LARGE DEFORMATION ONCE THE PEAK LOAD HAS BEEN
REACHED.
DISADVANTAGES
GREATER REDUCTION OF WORKABILITY
HIGH COAT OF MATERIALS
GENERALLY FIBRES DO NOT INCREASE THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH
OF CONCRETE.
CANNOT REPLACE MOMENT RESISTING OR STRUCTURAL STEEL
REINFORCEMENT
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FRC &NRC:
MANUFACTURING PROCESS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF FRC
https://youtu.be/XNLGCNMAr0g
GLASS FIBRE MANUFACTURINGPROCESS
CARBON FIBRE
MANUFACTURINGPROCESS
MANUFACTURING OF STEEL FIBERS
Their manufacturing is done with special type of arrangements. Steel strips
are forced into small pieces of steel fibers by introducing large energy.
Carbon 0.06/0.12%
Manganese 0.38/0.60%
Phosphorus 0.055/0.065%
Sulphur 0.035%
Nitrogen 0.008/0.12%
MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF SYNTHETIC FIBRE CONCRETE
https://youtu.be/sURfRFMxBjY
CELLULOSE FIBRE MANUFACTURING
It is a semi-continuous process comprised of three steps: sheet formation, board formation, and
curing.
A conveyor belt is soaked in a mixture of fresh fiber cement supplied by a roller from a tank under
continuous agitation.
Using a vacuum system, a significant portion of the mixing water is removed from the slurry, forming
a very thin sheet (about 1 mm).
The board formation is made in a large cylinder which receives the sheet from the previous step
and rolls up in successive layers until the required thickness is achieved.
A guillotine cuts the boards and deposites them on a press to compress and mold the board to
the desired shape.
Finally, the boards are cured under air or steam conditions -autoclave-.
The procedures for preparing cellulose cement composites can be divided into two main groups,
depending on the fiber form: *Fibers randomly dispersed in the matrix*Aligned fibers or fibrous
structures.
CASE STUDY
ZAHA HADID’S HEYDAR ALIYEV CULTURAL
CENTRE , CITY OF BAKU, AZERBAIJAN.
GLASS FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE (GFRC) AND
PANELS ARE THE PREDOMINANT MATERIALS USED IN THE
FAÇADE SYSTEM.
HIGH DURABILITY
A LONG LIFETIME AND
LOW MAINTENANCE EFFORTS.
GOOD ADHESION WITHIN THE MATRIX
RESISTENT TO CRACK
DIRT REPLLENT
CASE STUDY
COLOSSIUM ,ROME
NATURAL FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE (NFRC)IS
THE MATERIAL USED TO CONSTRUCT THE
COLOSSIUM
REDUCES THE AIR VOIDS AND WATER VOIDS
RESTRICT THE GROWTH OF CRACKS
GIVES MORE FLEXURAL STRENGTH
IT IS THE OLDEST FORM OF FRC MADE WITH HORSE
HAIR
HORSE HAIR IS MIXED WITH THREE PARTS OF
VOLCANIC ASH AND ONE PART OF LIME STONE
WE COULD GREATLY REDUCE THE CARBON
EMISSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THEIR PRODUCTION
ALSO IMPROVE THEIR DURABILITY AND
MECHANICAL RESISTANCE OVER TIME.
CASE STUDY
PARAMETRIC FACADE OF BROAD MUSEUM, LOS-ANGELES, USA
THE FACADE IS CONSTRUCTED USING A VARIETY OF MATERIALS:
CONCRETE, STEEL, GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE (GFRC)
AND GLASS FIBRE REINFORCED GYPSUM (GFRG). THE “VEIL” IS
ASSEMBLED FROM ALMOST 2,500 GFRC PANELS, SUPPORTED BY
STRUCTURAL STEEL NETWORK.
THE FACADE OF BROAD MUSEUM SERVES LIKE A SEMI-
TRANSPARENT MEMBRANE, BRIDGING THE INTERIOR AND
EXTERIOR SPACE BY MATTERS OF LIGHT AND VISUAL
CONNECTION.
THE “WORMHOLE” SERVES AS A SOURCE OF LIGHT FOR AN
AUDITORIUM AND A VISUAL DOMINANT OF THE FRONT
ELEVATION.
REFERENCE
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-reinforced_concrete
http://smartfiber.co.in/
http://fiberreinforcedconcrete.org/
http://www.coreconstructionproducts.com/
http://mg.planetpresent.ru/
https://www.ijert.org/
CASE STUDY
http://buildipedia.com/
http://iaac.net/
http://scholar.google.co.in/
