Digital Arithemetic Circuit Project

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*DESIGN AND ANALYSE

DIGITAL ARITHEMTIC CIRCUIT*


Arithmetic circuits can perform seven
different arithmetic operations using a single
composite circuit. 
It uses a full adder (FA) to perform these
operations. A multiplexer (MUX) is used to
provide different inputs to the circuit in order
to obtain different arithmetic operations as
outputs.

Definition
An arithmetic circuit is a set of gates with a
separate set of inputs for each number that
has to be processed. The gates are
connected so as to carry out an arithmetic
action and the outputs of the gate circuit are
the digits of the result (addition, subtraction,
multiplication, or division).
The rules of binary addition for two bits are:
0 + 0 = 0
0 + 1 = 1
1 + 0 = 1
1 + 1 = 0 and carry 1 (the binary number 10;
denary 2).
The simplest possible adder circuit for binary
digits is called a half-adder, and it allows two bits
to be added, with a main output and a carry bit.
The truth table is illustrated in Figure 10.9, and this
illustration also indicates that the half-adder can be
constructed by using a combination of an
exclusive-OR gate and an AND gate. The carry bit
is 0 except when both inputs bits are 1, which is as
required by the rules of binary arithmetic.
1. Half Adder : Half Adder is a combinational
logic circuit which is designed by connecting
one EX-OR gate and one AND gate. The half
adder circuit has two inputs: A and B, which
add two input digits and generates a carry
and a sum.

2. Full Adder: Full Adder is the circuit that consists


of two EX-OR gates, two AND gates, and one OR
gate. Full Adder is the adder that adds three inputs
and produces two outputs which consist of two
EX-OR gates, two AND gates, and one OR gate.
The first two inputs are A and B and the third input
is an input carry as C-IN. The output carry is
designated as C-OUT and the normal output is
designated as S which is SUM.
4-bit Arithmetic Circuit : 
Consider the following 4-bit Arithmetic circuit
with inputs A and B. It can perform seven
different arithmetic operations by varying the
inputs of the multiplexer and the carry (C0).

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