Packet Tracer – Local and Remote Communication

Objectives
Part 1: Gather PDU Information for Local Network Communication
Part 2: Gather PDU Information for Remote Network Communication

Background
This activity is optimized for viewing PDUs. The devices are already configured. You will gather PDU
information in simulation mode and answer a series of questions about the data you collect.

Instructions

Part 1: Gather PDU Information for Local Network Communication

Note: Review the Reflection Questions in Part 3 before proceeding with Part 1. It will give you an idea of the
type of information you will need to gather. Gather PDU information as a packet travels from 172.16.31.5 to
172.16.31.2.
a. Click 172.16.31.5 and open the Command Prompt.
b. Enter the ping 172.16.31.2 command.
c. Switch to simulation mode and repeat the ping 172.16.31.2 command. A PDU appears next to
172.16.31.5.
d. Click the PDU and note the following information from the OSI Model and Outbound PDU Layer tabs:
o Destination MAC Address: 000C:85CC:1DA7
o Source MAC Address: 00D0:D311:C788
o Source IP Address: 172.16.31.5
o Destination IP Address: 172.16.31.2
o At Device: 172.16.31.5
e. Click Capture / Forward (the right arrow followed by a vertical bar) to move the PDU to the next
device. Gather the same information from Step 1d. Repeat this process until the PDU reaches its
destination. Record the PDU information you gathered into a spreadsheet using a format like the table
shown below:
Example Spreadsheet Format

At Device Dest. MAC Src MAC Src IPv4 Dest IPv4

172.16.31.5 000C:85CC:1DA7 00D0:D311:C788 172.16.31.5 172.16.31.2

Switch1 000C:85CC:1DA7 00D0:D311:C788 N/A N/A
Hub N/A N/A N/A N/A
172.16.31.2 00D0:D311:C788 000C:85CC:1DA7 172.16.31.2 172.16.31.5
Blank Line, No additional information

Step 2: Gather additional PDU information from other pings.

Repeat the process in Step 1 and gather the information for the following tests:
 Ping 172.16.31.2 from 172.16.31.3.
 Ping 172.16.31.4 from 172.16.31.5.

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Packet Tracer – Local and Remote Communication

Return to Realtime mode.

Part 2: Gather PDU Information for Remote Network Communication

In order to communicate with remote networks, a gateway device is necessary. Study the process that takes
place to communicate with devices on the remote network. Pay close attention to the MAC addresses used.

Step 1: Gather PDU information as a packet travels from 172.16.31.5 to 10.10.10.2.

a. Click 172.16.31.5 and open the Command Prompt.
b. Enter the ping 10.10.10.2 command.
c. Switch to simulation mode and repeat the ping 10.10.10.2 command. A PDU appears next to
172.16.31.5.
d. Click the PDU and note the following information from the Outbound PDU Layer tab:
 Destination MAC Address: 00D0:BA8E:741A
 Source MAC Address: 00D0:D311:C788
 Source IP Address: 172.16.31.5
 Destination IP Address: 10.10.10.2
 At Device: 172.16.31.5
Question:

What device has the destination MAC that is shown?

Type your answers here.
e. Click Capture / Forward (the right arrow followed by a vertical bar) to move the PDU to the next
device. Gather the same information from Step 1d. Repeat this process until the PDU reaches its
destination. Record the PDU information you gathered from pinging 172.16.31.5 to 10.10.10.2 into a
spreadsheet using a format like the sample table shown below:

At Device Dest. MAC Src MAC Src IPv4 Dest IPv4

172.16.31.5 00D0:BA8E:741A 00D0:D311:C788 172.16.31.5 10.10.10.2

Switch1 00D0:BA8E:741A 00D0:D311:C788 N/A N/A
Router 0060:2F84:4AB6 00D0:588C:2401 172.16.31.5 10.10.10.2
Switch0 0060:2F84:4AB6 00D0:588C:2401 N/A N/A
Access Point N/A N/A N/A N/A
10.10.10.2 00D0:588C:2401 0060:2F84:4AB6 10.10.10.2 172.16.31.5
Blank Line, No additional information

Part 3: Reflection Questions

Answer the following questions regarding the captured data:
1. Were there different types of cables/media used to connect devices?
Type your answers here.
2. Did the cables change the handling of the PDU in any way?
Type your answers here.
3. Did the Hub lose any of the information that it received?
Type your answers here.

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Packet Tracer – Local and Remote Communication

4. What does the Hub do with MAC addresses and IP addresses?

Type your answers here.
5. Did the wireless Access Point do anything with the information given to it?
Type your answers here.
6. Was any MAC or IP address lost during the wireless transfer?
Type your answers here.
7. What was the highest OSI layer that the Hub and Access Point used?
Type your answers here.
8. Did the Hub or Access Point ever replicate a PDU that was rejected with a red “X”?
Type your answers here.
9. When examining the PDU Details tab, which MAC address appeared first, the source or the destination?
Type your answers here.
10. Why would the MAC addresses appear in this order?
Type your answers here.
11. Was there a pattern to the MAC addressing in the simulation?
Type your answers here.
12. Did the switches ever replicate a PDU that was rejected with a red “X”?
Type your answers here.
13. Every time that the PDU was sent between the 10 network and the 172 network, there was a point where the
MAC addresses suddenly changed. Where did that occur?
Type your answers here.
14. Which device uses MAC addresses that start with 00D0:BA?
Type your answers here.
15. What devices did the other MAC addresses belong to?
Type your answers here.
16. Did the sending and receiving IPv4 addresses change fields in any of the PDUs?
Type your answers here.
17. When you follow the reply to a ping, sometimes called a pong, do you see the sending and receiving IPv4
addresses switch?
Type your answers here.
18. What is the pattern to the IPv4 addressing used in this simulation?
Type your answers here.
19. Why do different IP networks need to be assigned to different ports of a router?
Type your answers here.
20. If this simulation was configured with IPv6 instead of IPv4, what would be different?
Type your answers here.
End of document

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