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Activity Diagram

The document discusses activity diagrams, which are used to model workflows and business processes. Activity diagrams show the flow of control between activities and include notation for activities, flows, decisions, merges, forks, and swimlanes. They can depict sequential and parallel activities. An example activity diagram for an order processing workflow is presented to demonstrate these concepts. Activity diagrams are useful for illustrating use case steps and modeling system dynamics or processes.

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Prathamesh Raut
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97 views19 pages

Activity Diagram

The document discusses activity diagrams, which are used to model workflows and business processes. Activity diagrams show the flow of control between activities and include notation for activities, flows, decisions, merges, forks, and swimlanes. They can depict sequential and parallel activities. An example activity diagram for an order processing workflow is presented to demonstrate these concepts. Activity diagrams are useful for illustrating use case steps and modeling system dynamics or processes.

Uploaded by

Prathamesh Raut
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ramrao Adik Institute of Technology

Department of Computer Engineering


SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
TOPIC:-
“ACTIVITY DIAGRAM”
By
Roll No. Name of Students
20CE1028 Aniket Sharma
20CE1017 Prathamesh Raut
20CE1162 Avirat Sudam
20CE1012 Narottam Sahu
Activity Diagram

• Activity diagrams represent the dynamic (behavioral) view of a system.

• Activity diagrams are typically used for business (transaction) process modeling
and modeling the logic captured by a single use-case or usage scenario.

• Activity diagram is used to represent flow within a particular use case. UML
activity diagrams are the object oriented equivalent of flow chart and data flow
diagrams in function-oriented design approach.

• Activity diagram contains activities, transitions between activities, decision


points, synchronization bars, swim lanes and many more.
Activity Diagram

• Describes how activities are coordinated.

• Is particularly useful when you know that an operation has to achieve a number
of different things, and you want to model what the essential dependencies
between them are, before you decide in what order to do them.

• Records the dependencies between activities, such as which things can happen in
parallel and what must be finished before something else can start.

• Represents the workflow of the process.

3
Why we use Activity Diagram

• We use Activity Diagrams to illustrate the flow of control in a system


and refer to the steps involved in the execution of a use case. We model
sequential and concurrent activities using activity diagrams.

• So, we basically depict workflows visually using an activity diagram.


An activity diagram focuses on condition of flow and the sequence in
which it happens.

• An activity diagram portrays the control flow from a start point to a


finish point showing the various decision paths that exist while the
activity is being executed.

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Activity Diagram Notations

1. Activity:-

• The categorization of behavior into one or more actions is termed as an


activity. In other words, it can be said that an activity is a network of nodes
that are connected by edges. The edges depict the flow of execution. It may
contain action nodes, control nodes, or object nodes.

• The control flow of activity is represented by control nodes and object nodes
that illustrates the objects used within an activity. The activities are initiated
at the initial node and are terminated at the final node.

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Activity Diagram Notations

2. Flow:-

When the action or activity of a state completes, flow of control passes


immediately to the next action or activity state. The flow of control is
shown by arrow symbol.

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Activity Diagram Notations

3.Swimlane:-

The swimlane is used to cluster all the related activities in one column or one row. It
can be either vertical or horizontal. It used to add modularity to the activity diagram.
It is not necessary to incorporate swimlane in the activity diagram. But it is used to
add more transparency to the activity diagram.

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Activity Diagram Notations

4.Join and Fork -


Join:-

A block bar with several flows entering in it and one leaving from it. This
denotes the end of parallel activities.

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Activity Diagram Notations

4.Join and Fork -


Fork:-

A black bar (horizontal/vertical ) with one flow going into it and several
leaving it. This denotes the beginning of parallel activities.

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Activity Diagram Notations

5. Decision Box:-

Decision
Box

It makes sure that the control flow or object flow will follow
only one path.

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Activity Diagram Notations

6. Starting and Ending Node:-


Initial State:

It depicts the initial stage or beginning of the set of actions.

Final State:

It is the stage where all the control flows and object flows end.

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How to draw Activity Diagram

• An activity diagram is a flowchart of activities, as it represents the workflow among


various activities. They are identical to the flowcharts, but they themself are not
exactly the flowchart. In other words, it can be said that an activity diagram is an
enhancement of the flowchart, which encompasses several unique skills.
• Since it incorporates swimlanes, branching, parallel flows, join nodes, control nodes,
and forks, it supports exception handling. A system must be explored as a whole
before drawing an activity diagram to provide a clearer view of the user. All of the
activities are explored after they are properly analyzed for finding out the constraints
applied to the activities. Each and every activity, condition, and association must be
recognized.
• After gathering all the essential information, an abstract or a prototype is built, which
is then transformed into the actual diagram.
• Following are the rules that are to be followed for drawing an activity diagram:
1. A meaningful name should be given to each and every activity.
2. Identify all of the constraints.
3. Acknowledge the activity associations.

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Example of Activity Diagram

• Now here is a detailed example of an activity diagram showing the


business flow activity of order processing.

• Here the input parameter is the Requested order, and once the order is
accepted, all of the required information is then filled, payment is also
accepted, and then the order is shipped. It permits order shipment before
an invoice is sent or payment is completed.

• There are different swimlanes for customer,order clerk,accounting and


shipping.

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Example of Activity Diagram

Activity Diagram:-

14
Example of Activity Diagram

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Uses of Activity Diagram

• Dynamic modelling of the system or a process.

• Illustrate the various steps involved in a UML use case.

• Model software elements like methods, operations and functions.

• We can use Activity diagrams to depict concurrent activities easily.

• Show the constraints, conditions and logic behind algorithms.

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Drawbacks of Activity Diagram

• Activity diagrams tell you what is happening, but not who does what.

• In domain modelling, this diagram type does not convey which people or
departments are responsible for each activity.

• In programming, it does not convey which class is responsible for each activity

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References

Books:
A Practitioner's Approach, By Roger S. Pressman.System Analysis and Design,By Elias M.
Awad.

• Web Source:
www.javatpoint.com
www.tutorialspoint.com
www.slideshare.com
geeksforgeeks.org

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Thank You

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