أخلاقيات الذكاء الإصطناعي 2

‫‪Introduction to‬‬
‫‪Ethics in AI‬‬
‫اﺧﻼﻗﯿﺎت اﻟﺬﻛﺎء‬
‫اﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮد ﺳﻤﻮر‬
‫ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت واﻟﺬﻛﺎء اﻻﺻﻄﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬
Chapter 2
Week 2
Introduction
to AI
What Is a Robot
Agent :- agent is software that operates online or in a
simulated world, often generating perceptions and/or
acting within this artificial world.
A Robot, on the other hand, is situated in the real world,
meaning that its existence and operation occur in the
real world.
Robots are also embodied, meaning that they have a
physical body.
The process of a robot making intelligent decisions is
often described as “sense-plan-act” meaning that the
robot must first sense the environment, plan what to
do, and then act in the world.
Sense-Plan-Act
Sense:- Sensing in the real world is extremely challenging.
Sensors such as cameras, laser scanners, and sonar all have
limitations.
Humans use a wide array of integrated sensors to generate
perceptions. Moreover, the number of these sensors is (at
least currently) much higher than the number of sensors of
any robot.
Plan:- Planning is the process by which the robot makes use
of its perceptions and knowledge to decide what to do next.
Uncertainty about the world must be dealt with at the
planning stage.
Act:- to determine how to move joints and actuators in a
manner dictated by the plan
What Is Hard for AI
• Not all software is AI

• AI systems are rarely capable
of generalizing across learned
concepts.
• AI systems lack common
sense.
• No AI system has yet achieved
strong AI, but some may have
achieved weak AI
Science and Fiction of AI
• “2001” – 1984
• For most people, the information

provided through these shows is
their first exposure to robots.
• set a framework of expectations that
can inhibit the progress of the field
Health care
• Image Classification
• Image Clustering (segmentation)
1. Cancer detection
2. CT scan analysis
NLP
• patient understanding
• Disease diagnoses
• IOT sensors and wellbeing monitoring

•
Automobile - Artificial intelligence in cars
Currently, AI is being implemented in

automotive manufacturing, including
design, supply chain, production, and
post-production. In addition, AI is being
implemented in 'driver assistance' and
'driver risk assessment' systems, which
is transforming the transportation
sector.
Finance
Surveillance
Artificial intelligence for video surveillance

utilizes computer software programs that
analyze the audio and images from video
surveillance cameras in order to recognize
humans, vehicles, objects, attributes, and
events.
Social media
What is Social Media? Social media refers to the means of interactions among
people in which they create, share, and/or exchange information and ideas in
virtual communities and networks. The Office of Communications and Marketing
manages the main Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, LinkedIn and YouTube accounts.
Today, AI can create social media posts for you. It can draft and target social ads. It
can automate monitoring. And it powers most of what you see on any given social
network.
The Benefits of AI in Social Media

1. Reduce costs
2. Accelerate Revenue
3. Create and Manage Social Media Content

4. Gather Social Media Intelligence and Perform Social Listening
5. Optimize and Manage Social Media Ads
6. Find the Right Influencer and Generate AI Influencers
Discussion Questions:
Write one slide about one of the following
• Entertainment
• Education
• Space exploration
• Gaming
• Robotics
• Agricultural
• ecommerce
Homework
• Explain the difference between weak and strong AI. Give examples from
science fiction describing machines that could be categorized as displaying
strong and weak AI.
• Given the description of supervised machine learning above, how might a
classifier come to include societal biases? How might the removal of such
biases impact classifier performance? Describe a situation in which
stakeholders must balance the tradeoff between bias and performance.
Social biases, to be precise, occur when we unknowingly or deliberately make a judgment about
certain individuals, groups, races, opinion, and so on, due to preconceived notions about the group.
• Consider the sense-plan-act paradigm described above. How might errors

at one step of this process impact the
Thank you
End of Chapter 02

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‫‪Introduction to‬‬

• Not all software is AI

• For most people, the information

• IOT sensors and wellbeing monitoring

Currently, AI is being implemented in

Artificial intelligence for video surveillance

The Benefits of AI in Social Media

3. Create and Manage Social Media Content

Write one slide about one of the following

• Consider the sense-plan-act paradigm described above. How might errors

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