T
able of Contents
Introduction 3
Role of Manual Testing in Software Development 5
Introduction to Automation Testing 6
Test Cases in Manual Testing 7
Test Cases in Automation Testing 10
The Tests Which Can Be Done Through
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Automated Or Manual
Benefits of Manual Testing 14
Benefits of Automated Testing 16
Common Difference Between Manual
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& Automation Testing
What To Be Used When? 21
About BugRaptors 22
2
Introduction
To understand the importance of Software Testing these days, we should
go back to the decades of 1960s and 1980s when crises and challenges
were highly prominent in the world of software development. Some
examples are disclosed below:
Arian 5-Space Rocket
In 1996, the Arian 5-space rocket was built at the cost of $7000 million,
which got destroyed within the first one minute of its launch because some
software bugs encountered the Rocket Guidance System.
US Banks Credit Crisis
In 1996, US banks were credited worth $9.24 million in the accounts of
approximately 800 customers. However, due to programming issues in
their banking systems and software failure, the banks had to deal with
uncertainties.
The Uncertainties, Manual Testing, &
Automated Testing
The only reason for their software failures came out to be lack of proper
testing and rapidly changing user requirements. At that time, developers
were trying to develop some robust software, but due to the
inappropriate knowledge of the testing process, tools, and technologies,
their efforts went in vain.
Addressing any issues from systems is vital to obtain a detailed
knowledge of software testing. Since the role of Software Testing is to
ensure that there will be no discrepancy in the software development
process, even when the goals and objectives.
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may vary from project to project, no matter how many goals and
objectives you have made for your testing process, but when
they are achieved, developers will be able to build satisfactory
and defect less software.
These days, getting a software test is critical to find the right
balance between cost, speed, and quality. When it comes to
checking whether the software is defect-free or not, Software
Testing comes into play. It is the process of verification and
validation of software applications or services, wherein we
check whether these applications or services will help meet
user requirements or not.
As we know, humans are error-prone, automated, and manual
testing combinations become necessary to reduce mistakes that
may appear unimportant to manual testers or automated
systems. Nevertheless, at the same time, some of them can be
dangerous and expensive.
Thus, anything you develop today, whether it is an on-demand
application, mobile-based game, web software, or any device,
eliminating bottlenecks before the actual release through
testing is extremely important.
4
Role of Manual Testing in Software
Development
Manual testing is the method of manually testing software to identify bugs
and defects. It requires an experienced software tester who can better play
the role of an end-user to test the applications’ features and examine
correct behavior.
There is no need to use tools or automation scripting in manual testing
because the entire test process is carried out by the software testing
company itself using its domain knowledge, skill set, and expertise.
Furthermore, it prepares a test plan document that acts as a guide to the
testing process in order to guarantee the completeness of testing or
complete test coverage.
5
Introduction to Automation
Testing
The excitement of providing a faster release experience to customers
allows software testing companies to introduce the concept of Automation
Testing. It is a software testing technique taken into account to conduct
different types of testing using special automated testing software tools.
When it comes to preparing critical business test cases and executing test
cases repeatedly, we always consider Automation Testing because it makes
the testing process very simple and allows us to fulfill unique customer
requirements without manual efforts.
In this eBook, we will help you discover the perfect balance between
automation & manual testing while walking through the possible test cases
of use and understanding the differences between the two. Let’s begin.
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Test Cases in Manual Testing
Before apprehending test cases in manual testing, you must first
understand the meaning of Test Cases because they are necessary to write
before performing the manual test.
A Test Case is a set of actions implemented to check a particular
functionality or feature of your software application. It involves test steps,
test data, preconditions, postconditions, mainly developed for specific test
scenarios in order to verify any requirement.
Moreover, in this process, QA engineers write several test cases and
include specific conditions or variables to compare expected results with
actual results. In addition, after the comparison of results, they can analyze
whether the software product
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is working as per the customer’s requirements or not.
Let’s check out what are the areas and scenarios that you need
to perform manually.
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Exploratory Testing:
Usually, QA engineers don’t involve this type of test in their test planning
because it requires continuous assessment of the project. You may have to
keep an eye on its functional details and prepare the test case design.
For this, the QA engineer should be proficient in checking a particular
application platform or type. Since the entire effectiveness of this testing
depends on the previous knowledge and working expertise of QA
engineers. Their familiarity with local accumulations and the product risks
always come in handy while performing the exploratory test.
Ad-hoc Testing:
It is challenging to automate Ad-hoc Testing due to the no particular
approach for this testing. Therefore, if you are a QA engineer, you should
have sufficient skills and experience in Software Testing as the proper skill
set can help you get the Ad-hoc test done well even if you don’t have made
any plan before.
GUI Testing:
GUI testing aims to check whether the UI (User Interface) of the product is
working correctly or not. Being a QA specialist, you should ensure that the
app or software is convenient for users and allow them to get easy-to-use
navigation features. Also, you should prepare a manual approach before
performing the GUI test.
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Test Cases in Automation Testing
Several dedicated tools require to automate the tests, and QA engineers use
these tools to run predefined tests and write the actions in their test
scripts. To boot, the key objective of the automated test is the same as
manual testing.
Here, we will also test the software to improve its effectiveness. Yet, there
are two different types of tests that you need to perform in automated
testing.
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Regression Testing:
Regression testing is an essential part of automated testing because it
ensures that the software changes don’t negatively impact the previously
tested functions. Well, performing the manual-based regression test is
possible, but this process is very time-consuming and expensive.
Accordingly, to reduce the cost and time, QA engineers should consider
automated regression testing as it allows them to perform the test with a
series of 3-5 testing sessions.
Moreover, one of the main benefits of operating regression tests through
automation tools is that it allows you to get complete test coverage and
saves nearly 60% of your time and 40% of your cost during bug detection.
Load Testing:
Finding out how the system handles a large number of visitors is highly
complicated with manual testing. However, Automation testing makes it
possible to understand the potential capacity limits of the application or
website.
With load testing, you can ensure that the software will perform well and
help users get higher satisfaction even when the access of software is taken
by a maximum number of users.
Performance Testing:
When it comes to testing of stability and scalability features of the
application under test, performance testing is initiated.
The performance tests are designed to attain improved response time in
order to meet the performance objectives of the product.
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Manual
Automation
The Tests Which Can Be Done
Through Automation Or Manual
Integration Testing:
Integration testing is the process of working on the interface by working on
multiple integration approaches such as top-down, bottom-up, or hybrid
integration.
System Testing:
System testing is done to check the system for end-to-end compliance
while ensuring the application or software works as intended.
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Unit Testing:
Popularly known as component or module testing, unit testing is done to
check a particular module of the source code within the development
environment.
Acceptance Testing:
Pre-production or acceptance testing is worked by end-users and testing
teams to check on functionality while ensuring that the application or
software is designed as per requirements before it is accepted or rejected.
Usually, there are three types of acceptance testing, mainly alpha testing,
beta testing, & gamma testing.
As long as it is concerned with manual testing, it can be done without the
use of test tools while preparing test cases and then execute them
manually. On the other hand, automated testing requires test automation
tools and software, including scriptwriting.
But one of the most common factors that you need to retain in both the
tests is Quality and Cost-efficiency because they are the core factors of any
project these days. Other than this, you must have the right testing
approach before accomplishing the project’s goals and objectives.
Nonetheless, with an effective combination of manual and automation test
cases, you can easily ensure the successful project release and fulfill the
unique business requirements
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Benefits of Manual Testing
No matter how many automated test tools available online, there will still
always be a place for manual testing in software. Each day, we see
hundreds of thousands of new products and applications out in the market.
Similarly, a lot of testing is carried out before releasing the product to the
public. Further, it is not a deniable fact that automated testing is much
better than manual testing, especially if it is a matter of cost savings and
finishing any project before the expected timeline.
Whereas, we can’t completely replace the manual testing as it plays a
critical role in the QA process and allows us to obtain fruitful benefits that
are mentioned below:
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1 Manual testing helps us understand the whole problem.
2 It is testing according to a human perspective.
3 It requires a less initial investment in comparison to automated
testing.
4 It allows us to check even small modifications.
5 It supports QA engineers to deliver accurate interface feedback, plus
make it possible to provide high-quality product after analysis and the
complete evaluation of the system.
6 It enables us to handle complicated use case scenarios more
effectively.
7 Manual testing can help with easy to adopt unique software features.
8 It allows to check proper interface elements and helps in providing
the best solution.
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Benefits of Automation Testing
The benefits of manual testing may impress you for a minute. Yet, it doesn’t
mean there is no role of automated testing in software quality.
Based on the real-time experience in automation, our QA engineers figure
out the following benefits that you may find helpful to drive the
tremendous growth for your project.
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1 Automation testing aims to save a lot of time and money.
2 Unlike manual, automated test scripts help deliver more accurate
results, but it gives you perfect test coverage compared to its
counterpart.
3 Reusability is one of the most valuable features of automated testing.
It allows you to record, reuse, and execute the same testing
operations.
4 Another advantage of automation is that it lets you get quick results
and automate the tests repeatedly.
5 Performing the functional testing with the GUI test layer is feasible
with automated testing. QA engineers can easy to simulate the end
user’s activities while engaging with the software interface regularly.
6 With fast test execution, developers can get support to obtain the test
reports instantly and fix the possible number of bugs early as
possible.
Recently, significant areas involve in automated testing, such as
Model-based testing, Predictive analysis, API test-case automation,
Robotics automation.
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Common Difference Between
Manual & Automation Testing
Apparently, manual and automation both have their own testing
advantages. Whenever it comes to completing automated QA test
checklists, followed by manual test cases, QA engineers can use both of
them according to different project requirements. Despite this, robust
automation is suitable to achieve efficiency in the entire testing process.
Whereas manual testing is more helpful in checking user interface, yet
there is no guarantee which will help us to produce better results because
each project comes with a unique approach, and we have to test accordingly
and consider the combination of both manual and automation testing time
to time.
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If you have years of testing knowledge, experience, and time,
you can go with manual testing. If you want to complete the
testing project within budget and time, then there is no better
alternative than automation testing, as it allows you to detect all
the possible software features at early stages.
To help you know more about manual and automated testing in
detail, we’ve prepared the comparison chart below that you can
check if you want to reap various benefits with both methods.
Manual Testing Automation Testing
Due to human error, manual testing
Automation testing is more reliable
is less reliable and accurate
because it can eliminate human
compared to automation testing. errors and ensure the better
performance of the same operations
In manual testing, you can run test
each time.
cases only once and can’t use the
same test cases repeatedly. However, Automation testing comes
with regression features and
It requires more human resources
supports you to run similar test
because the execution of test cases
cases n number of times.
is time-consuming.
Automation testing is done through
Exploratory testing is possible. automation tools. Therefore, it is
faster than manual testing and
The initial investment of manual
requires fewer human resources.
testing is less.
Exploratory testing is not possible.
M anual testing doesn’t help you to
check the performance of the
Various paid and non-paid tools are
website or software. Suppose if
available online, but sometimes you
there are 10,000 users on one
may need to use paid tools to fulfill
website, then it would be
different testing needs. Thus, the
complicated for you to check the site
initial investment in automation
load according to those 10,000
testing is higher.
users.
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Manual Testing Automation Testing
It involves human intervention, so
Performance testing like stress and
it is essential to perform User
load testing is easy to perform with
Interface Testing with real examples. automation testing tools.
Due to less involvement of humans,
User Interface Testing is not
recommended in the automation
case.
Hope you are now familiar with the difference between manual
and automation testing. Also, you may know the advantages and
disadvantages of both. Still, when it comes to applying the right
type of testing in the right environment, you should use the
combination of manual and automation testing. By doing this,
you can achieve favorable outcomes and ensure the quality of
your software.
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What To Be Used When?
Manual Testing Over Automation Testing
1 The initial stage of project development
2 Testing of the user interface for visual aspects
3 Short-term projects where there is no time-space for scriptwriting
for automation
4 Exploratory or Ad-hoc testing
5 Test cases that cannot be automated, such as captcha.
Automation Testing over Manual Testing
1 When repetitive tasks are required to be handled
2 Parallel testing
3 Non-functional tests
4 Preventing human-errors.
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About BugRaptors
BugRaptors is a QA and testing services provider company and is a division
of Seasia group, which is a CMMI Level 5 Certified company. At BugRaptors,
we offer QA solutions with the least risk and maximum security to the
software, applications, and websites. BugRaptors is an independent brand
built by professionals who own knowledge-based expertise to create
cost-effective yet reliable testing services.
BugRaptors provides testing services and QA Process Consulting,
Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model Testing Teams, Capacity
Augmentation in Functional and Automation Testing, and Independent
Validation & Verification (IV&V) Services. We have a team of ISTQB
(and Equivalent) certified testing professionals, and it is our vision to
maintain the world's de-facto standard in the software testing domain.
Besides this, we cater to a wide range of industries using modern software
and application technology in business to streamline their operations,
varying from healthcare, insurance, banking, media, power, government,
legal, telecom, retail, and more.
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Thank You!
[email protected]
www.bugraptors.com
+1-240-241-6894
