Designation: F3007 − 13

Standard Test Method for

Ball Drop Impact Resistance of Laminated Architectural Flat
Glass1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3007; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope C1422 Specification for Chemically Strengthened Flat Glass

1.1 This test method covers the destructive ball drop testing 2.2 ANSI Standards:3
of laminated flat glass products intended for use in architectural Z26.1 American National Standard for Safety Glazing Ma-
glazing applications. terials for Glazing Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle
1.2 This test method is intended for use as an in-plant Equipment Operating on Land Highways—Safety Stan-
quality control test to evaluate the impact performance of dard
laminated flat glass when a 2.3 kg, 83 mm diameter smooth Z97.1 American National Standard for Safety Glazing Ma-
solid steel ball is dropped from a user selected height. terials Used in Buildings—Safety Performance Specifica-
tion and Methods of Test
1.3 This test method is not a substitute for safety glazing test
requirements of ANSI Z97.1 or CPSC 16 CFR 1201. 2.3 CPSC Standards:4
CPSC 16 CFR 1201 Safety Standard for Architectural Glaz-
1.4 This test method is applicable to symmetrical and ing Materials
asymmetrical annealed, heat-strengthened, chemically
strengthened, fully tempered laminated architectural flat glass 3. Terminology
including but not limited to: float, patterned, sheet, sand-
blasted, grooved, and fritted. 3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as to Terminology C162.
standard. No other units of measure are included in this
standard. 4. Summary of Test Method
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 In this test method, a single lite of laminated glass
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
(either made to size or cut to size) that has been fabricated from
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
glass meeting the specification of Specifications C1036 or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
C1048, or both, and quality parameters of Specification C1172
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific
is removed from the production process and subjected to
hazards statements are given in Section 7 on Hazards.
destructive ball drop testing. After impact, the retention per-
2. Referenced Documents formance of the laminate is recorded and achieved drop height
documented.
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass Products 5. Significance and Use
C1036 Specification for Flat Glass
C1048 Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tem- 5.1 The impact performance of laminated glass varies with
pered Flat Glass the glass ply thickness, type, and kind as well as the thickness
C1172 Specification for Laminated Architectural Flat Glass and type of interlayer used in the overall configuration.
5.2 Specific safety properties are required for laminated
1
glass to meet the safety glazing requirements of ANSI Z97.1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F12 on Security
Systems and Equipment and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F12.10 on and CPSC 16 CFR 1201. Compliance with the minimum
Systems Products and Services.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2013. Published August 2013. DOI: 10.1520/
F3007-13.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
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4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), 4330 East
the ASTM website. West Hwy., Bethesda, MD 20814, http://www.cpsc.gov.

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 F3007 − 13
quality requirements of Specification C1172 does not consti- 7. Hazards
tute compliance or assure compliance with the referenced 7.1 Warning: Test impact is intended to result in glass
safety glazing standards. fracture. Proper glass handling safety gear should be worn at
5.3 While this test method does not replace the test require- all times during specimen handling, testing, evaluation, and
ments of ANSI Z97.1 or CPSC 16 CFR 1201 safety glazing disposal.
standards addressed above, destructive ball drop impact testing
does provide a method of expeditious in-plant evaluation of 8. Test Specimen Size
laminated glass products being fabricated. 8.1 Test specimen size is 305 6 10 mm by 305 6 10 mm.
5.4 Impact procedures for testing in accordance with safety 9. Procedure
glazing standards ANSI Z97.1 and CPSC 16 CFR 1201 differ
from this ball drop test method; however, the penetration 9.1 Record the minimum thickness of the specimen.
resistance of a single laminated lite can be determined and used NOTE 1—The thickness of the specimen shall be measured at the
for quality control purposes. midpoint of the four sides within 1 in. of the edge. Multiple measurements
can be made at various locations on the glazing. The thinnest thickness
from all measurements shall be reported.
6. Apparatus
9.2 The specimens shall be conditioned at 24 6 5°C for at
6.1 A smooth solid steel ball weighing 2.3 6 0.1 kg.
least 4 h, immediately prior to the performance of the ball drop
6.2 A support frame constructed similar to Fig. 1. test.
6.3 A mechanism for ensuring the unimpeded drop of the NOTE 2—Very thick specimens may require conditioning for longer
ball from rest onto the test specimen within 25 mm of center. periods of time.
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FIG. 1 Holding Fixture for Drop Test

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 F3007 − 13

FIG. 2 Holding Fixture Top View With and Without Clamping

9.3 Record the specimen temperature at the surface to be 11. Report

impacted.

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11.1 Record the following information:
9.4 Place the specimen on the support frame. Specimen may 11.1.1 Date and time of specimen production and testing.
be clamped to retain it in the frame during testing. 11.1.2 Laminated Glass configuration (use applicable sec-
9.5 Raise the steel ball to the selected height ensuring that tions).
upon release from an at-rest position, the ball will drop 11.1.2.1 Description of Glass:
unimpeded and impact the center of the specimen within 25 (1) Glass Type
mm of center. (2) Glass Kind (AN, HS, FT, etc.)
9.6 Within a 5 s interval after impact, determine the pen- (3) Glass Thickness (nominal)
etration resistance/retention characteristics of the specimen (4) Glass Color
using Table 1. (5) Glass Coating and surface identification
9.7 Record laminated glass construction, temperature, pro- 11.1.2.2 Description of Interlayer:
duction date, drop height, and result (see Section 11). (1) Interlayer Type
(2) Interlayer Grade
9.8 Repeat test on at least two additional 305 by 305 6 10 (3) Interlayer Thickness (nominal)
mm specimens of the same configuration and production lot at (4) Interlayer color
the same or elevated drop heights. 11.1.2.3 Description of Plastic Glazing Material:
(1) Plastic Glazing Type
10. Interpretation of Results
(2) Plastic Glazing Grade
10.1 The results are interpreted according to Table 1. (3) Plastic Glazing Thickness (nominal)
10.2 Three specimens from the same lot shall be tested and (4) Plastic Glazing Color
all three shall exhibit passing retention characteristics. 11.1.2.4 Overall Configuration Details.

TABLE 1 Retention Characteristics After Ball Drop

NOTE 1—If the specimen completely leaves the frame, the test for that specimen will be deemed a non-test. Another specimen shall be tested with
increased clamping force sufficient to retain the specimen during testing.
Retention Characteristics Result
1 Ball Held – glass unbroken Pass
2 Ball Held – glass broken, no tears in interlayer Pass
3 Ball Held – glass broken, tears in interlayer which do not permit a non-compressible 83 mm diameter ball to pass freely within 5 Pass
s
4 Ball not retained Fail

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 F3007 − 13
11.1.2.5 Measured thinnest thicknesses. 13. Keywords
11.1.3 Specimen Temperature. 13.1 annealed glass; architectural flat glass; ball drop;
11.1.4 Drop height(s). chemically strengthened glass; flat glass; fragmentation; heat
11.1.5 Retention Characteristic.
strengthened glass; laminated glass; retention; safety glass;
12. Precision and Bias safety glazing; tempered glass
12.1 The precision and bias of the procedure in this test
method have not been determined.

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