Page 1 of 40

METHOD STAMENT FOR OHL CONDUCTOR, EARTH WIRE / OPGW STRINGING AND
INSTALLATION

1.0 PURPOSE:

The purpose of this method statement is to describe the methodology involved in the Stringing of Phase
conductor, earth wire/shield wire/OPGW, hoisting of insulators, fixing the hardware and fittings etc.

2.0 SAFETY ASPECTS REQUIREMENTS

Prior to commencement of work following safety steps are to be taken.

 Workers working on height shall anchor their Lan Yards with Tower Parts / Fixed attachment points
while working above ground level.
 Suitable running earths shall be provided on the conductors during paying out time.
 Whenever line passes through high induction areas (i.e. nearer to high Voltage lines) proper
portable earths shall be used on conductors.
 Great care shall be taken for anchoring the machines.
 Pulling and lifting devices shall be well maintained and colour coded as per DEWA procedure in
order to keep the Tools & Plants site worthy.
 Scaffolding shall be used on the road crossing. Scaffolding should be erected & dismantling by
specialized team.
 Scaffolding erected should be inspected and approved by DM approved agency (third party) prior to
use.
 Conductor should not keep loose above the ground level. It should tighten properly on both sides.
 Suitable / proper caution notice boards / warning boards shall be provided on the tracks and near the
vicinity of work area where stringing work is under progress to avoid any trespassing.
 Stringing works shall not be carried out during adverse weather condition.
 Tested slings should be used for loading and unloading of materials.
 First Aid kit shall be provided at site and periodically checked for adequacy of first aid materials.
 Man lift basket and dedicated vehicle to be deployed at execution site.
 All the emergency contact details to be displayed at site.
 Before start of stringing, the inspection to be done by Safety In charge as per the check list of QHSE
Plan
 The work place shall be properly barricaded.
 All site workers shall be provided with safety helmets, hand gloves, coverall, safety shoes and full
body safety harness.
In addition TCD HSE Check list requirement to be fulfil.
3.0 PRE-REQUIREMENT

 Route patrolling to be done prier the stringing works to ensure various aspects such as all structures
in position are cleared for loading, Puller / Tensioner locations suitably chosen, crossing provided
with necessary protection, etc.
 Before stringing in tree concentered area, it shall be ensured that minimum trees are cut and that too
to the extent permitted by the concerned authorities.
 Handling and transporting of the conductor and accessories shall be carried out in such a manner as
to minimize the possibility of damages from abrasion through rough handling or dirt and grit and

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getting into the reel of the conductor by touching or rubbing against ground or objects, causing injury
to the conductor etc.
 Insulators, conductor and OPGW should be handled as per the manufacturer instruction and
adopting the adequate and proper method.
 All the fat & safe receive inspection report, drum schedule, sag chart, & line hard ware schedule
should be available at site.

4.0 MAJOR TOOLS & EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR STRINGING OF CONDUCTOR.

The following Equipment shall be used for String Conductor, OPGW
 Pulling Winch & Tensioner.
 Sagging Bridge.
 Auxiliary Accessories & Tools.

5.0 HOISTING OF INSULATOR & ROLLER

 Insulator hoisting to be done with roller as per the adequate procedure. The security clips in the
insulators and the hardware should be properly locked.

 Insulator fittings to be installed at ground as per the approved design & to be lifted on tower with the
traveler /roller by using tractor or winch machine.
6.0 PLACING OF TENSIONER, PULLER & CABLE DRUM & ANCHORING
 Tensioner will be positioned at one end and Puller will be positioned at the other end with conductor
reels in Tensioner end. Reels of pilot wires will be either distributed along the line or positioned at
either end, preferable ending at puller end as appendix-A.

 Care will be taken to ensure the Tensioner is positioned in almost level ground and also at minimum
offset from centerline of line as far as possible. Machine will be anchored using spikes driven into the
ground and slings or by pre-cast concrete blocks suitable to counter the pull force.

 The machine capacity should be 15 MT for Conductor Tensioner and 2.5MT for OPGW Tensioner.

 Puller will be positioned at the other end of pulling section, as far as possible on level ground.

 The pulling will be done from a distance of double the height of pulling points (i.e. 2H as mentioned in
the Appendix-A) but in case If the stringing to be started from section Tower then the pulling will be
done from a distance of triple the height of pulling points (i.e. 3H as mention in the attached Figure).
Two rear anchors will be provide using spikes driven in ground or by concrete blocks are substitute.
Care has to be taken to minimize the angle of pull line, with a maximum limitation of 30 degrees from
centerline axis of stringing section, similar to Tensioner positioning. Machines to be grounded.

 Conductor /earth wire/OPGW drum to be opened in presence of DEWA engineering in- charge &
placed in the drum stand as per appendix-A.

 All angle / dead end towers shall be provided with stays / anchors to balance the one sided load on
them when stringing is done initially on one side only. Double stays are provided on all cross arms
and single stay is provided on the peak(s) of the angle / section towers.

 Follow the procedure as shown in appendix -A.

7.0 Scaffolding & Conductor Running out block

 Scaffolding shall be used where roads, rivers, cannels, telecommunication lines, overhead power
lines, railway lines, fences or walls have to be crossed during paying out and stringing operations.

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 Efforts shall be made so that normal services are not interrupted or damage caused to property. Shut
m down shall be obtained when working at crossing of Care shall be taken while running out
the conductors such that the conductors do not touch or rub against the ground or objects which
could scratches or damage to the strands. The conductor shall not be over strained during erection.

 The conductor shall be run out of the drums from the top in order to avoid damage. Drum battens
shall not be removed until conductor drums are properly mounted at the drum station on the line, and
battens shall be immediately refitted on the drum if any surplus conductor is left thereon.

 Conductor running out blocks shall be free running on ball or roller bearings and of an approved
design to avoid damage to the conductor. The blocks shall have an electrical conducting path
between their suspension fittings and the conductors supported by the blocks.

 The diameter of a phase conductor or shield wire running out block shall not be less than 20 times the
diameter of the respective conductor. Alternatively, where a group of smaller blocks are used these
shall be arranged such that the conductor passes over an equivalent radius of not less than 20 times
the conductor diameter.
 The hangers for the running out blocks should be of uniform length so that the conductors and the
sheaves are held at a uniform distance.

8.0 PAYING OUT OF PILOT WIRE, CONDUCTOR & EARTH WIRE/OPGW

 Pilot wire shall be braided, non-swiveling type of wire. Pilot wires, spooled in reels, in varying lengths
of approximately 600 meters to 1600 meters will be made available to suit the normal installation
requirements.
 Pilot wire reels with wire will be distributed along the line and pulled manually or using tractor.
 The Diameter of Pilot wire should be minimum 12mm for OPGW & 20mm for Conductor. Number of
individual lengths can be joined together using pilot wire connectors to achieve requisite length to pull
full section length.
 Pass pieces of nylon ropes provided along with the rollers and avoid the linemen climbing up and
down the towers every time. Pulling of pilot wire will continue until it reaches to the tension (i.e. reel
stand) end.
 Before the commencement of the stringing, initial and final stringing charts for the conductor and earth
wire showing the sags and tension for various temperatures and spans along with equivalent spans in
the lines should be available. The stringing shall be done as per approved stringing charts & approved
drum schedule.
 The earth wire shall be strung and securely clamped to the towers before the conductors are drawn up
in the order of the top conductors first, then the middle & the lower conductor at the same side. It shall
be ensured that all the conductors of one section should have identical tension. For Delta type phase
arrangement, earth wire strung first then top phase conductor, bottom inner and at the end the bottom
outer.
 The pulling of the conductor into the travelers comprising of serial and ground rollers shall be carried
out in such a manner that the conductor is not damaged or contaminated with any foreign substance
and that it may not be rubbed with the rough ground surface. For this the height of ground rollers shall
be fixed in such a manner that the conductor/earth wire does by douching. The travelers shall have
size and shapes most suitable for the type of stringing and size of conductor involved and as
recommended by the conductor manufacturer. These shall be approved by the supervision Engineer
before use.
 The traveler’s surface in contact with aluminum surface of conductor shall be of such a material that
conductor is not damaged, e.g. neoprene rubber or aluminum alloy. These shall be equipped with high
quality ball or roller bearings for minimum friction. They should be inspected daily for free and easy
movement in blocks during stinging and sagging.
 During pulling out operation the tension in each conductor and earth wire shall not exceed the design
working tension of the conductor at the actual prevailing temperature. After being pulled the conductor
and earth wire shall not be allowed to hang in the stringing blocks for more than 72 hours before being
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pulled to the specified sag. During the time the conductors and earth wire are on the stringing block
before sagging in, it shall be ensured that the conductors and earth wire are not damaged due to
clashing vibration or other causes.
 Pulling speed of 3 – 4 km / hour should be maintained so as to provide a smooth passage of the
running board or connecting hardware, or both, over the travelers. Slower speeds may cause
significant swinging of the traveler and insulator hardware assemblies.
 Walkie-talkie to be used for communication. Supervisor to be moved with running board to monitor
smooth passing & obstruction. If observed any obstruction immediately puller to be stopped.

 The tensioning and sagging shall be done in accordance with the approved stringing charts before the
conductor and earth wire are finally attached to the towers through the earth wire clamps for the earth
wire and insulator stings for the conductor.
 Dynamometer shall be used for measuring tension in the conductor and earth wire. The
dynamometers used shall be periodically checked and calibrated by certification authority.

9.0 CONDUCTOR DAMAGE REPAIR AND JOINTING

 If the conductor is damaged for whatever reason and the damage is not repaired by repair
sleeves or emery cloth, the same shall not be used.
 Repairing of conductor surface shall be done only in case of minor damages, scuff marks etc.
which are safe from both electrical and mechanical points of view.
 The final conductor surface shall be clean, smooth, without any projections, sharp points, cuts or
abrasions etc. for giving satisfactory corona and R.I. performance.
 All the joints on the conductor or the earth wire shall be of compression type in accordance with
the recommendations of the manufacturers, for which the necessary tools and equipment like,
compressors and dies, grease guns presses etc., shall have to be arranged by the contractor.
 These joint will be made in the best workman like manner, shall be perfectly straight and having
maximum strength.
 Each part of the joints shall be cleaned by wire brush to make it free of rust or dirt etc., and
properly greased before the final compression is done with the compressors. Joints manufacturer
instruction should follow for all joints.
 All the joint contact resistance to be measured & recorded for final submission to the client.
 All compression joints should be carefully made and record of initial and final lengths of the joints
is to be maintained.
 All joints or splices shall be made 30 meters (at least 15 meters) away from the structures.
 No joints or splices shall be made in spans crossing over main roads, railways, small rivers or in
tension spans. Not more than one joint shall be allowed in one span.
 The compression type fittings used shall be of the self-centering type or care shall be taken to
mark the conductors to indicate when the fitting is centered properly.
 During compression or splicing operation the conductor shall be handled in such a manner as to
prevent lateral or vertical bearing against dies.
 Care shall be taken to protect the conductor from scratches, abrasions or other damages.
 After pressing the joint the aluminum sleeve shall have all corners rounded, butts and sharp
edges to be removed.
10.0 SAGGING OF CONDUCTOR, EARTH WIRE/OPGW

 Sagging will be done on other end of the section. Before taking up real sagging operation, the
following need to be checked.
 Approved sag tables available with values.
 A thermometer to read accurate conductor temperature (conductor thermometer will used for
measuring conductor temperature).

 Sag sighting span as per as possible close to equivalent span identical.

 All sagging tools should be available at site.

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 Temporary grounding should be provided at requisite points.

 Measurement of sag by the following.

a) Sag boards and sag scope.

b) Stop watch.

 Sagging span shall be selected for the entire sagging section as per the instruction of the
engineering in charge. Normal practice- every 6 span one span checking required.

 Sag boards and dynamometers should be used for measuring sag and tension respectively.

 Calibrated with a standard dynamometer. The sag boards are fitted on the towers at a distance
below the cross arm which is equal to the sag plus the distance of the conductor in the roller from
the cross arm. The required sag is reached when the bottom of the conductor is in the line of sight
between the two sag boards.

 The conductors and earth wire shall be pulled up to desired sag and left in the rollers /travelers for
at least one hour after which the sag shall be re-checked and adjusted, if necessary, before
transferring the conductors and earth wire from the rollers / travelers to the suspension clamp.

 During sagging, care shall be taken to eliminate differential sags in the sub – conductors as far as
possible. Once a section has been sagged, the sub – conductors of the bundle should be checked
for evenness, and corrected when required.

11.0 DEAD ENDING OF CONDUCTOR:

 After the conductor has been pulled to the required sag and tension, the loose conductor is pulled
up to the cross arm using a sisal / pilot wire passing through a pulley fitted on the cross arm. A
mark is made on the conductor corresponding to the anchoring point on the cross arm. This mark
indicates the length of the conductor from the come – along clamp to the anchoring point on the
tower cross arm.

 The length of the tension hardware assembly with insulator string is measured from its anchoring
point to the end of the steel portion of the hardware. This length plus a length equal to the dead
end tube during compression is deducted from the length of the conductor as marked earlier.

 The aluminum strands of the conductor, after being tied up with at least two rounds of binding wire
are cut at this new mark while ensuring that the strands are not scratched.

 The depth of the hollow tube of the hardware is measured. A mark is made on the tube from the
cut end of the aluminum conductor, which is at a distance equal to the measured length plus a
length equal to the elongation the tube during compression.

 The aluminum dead end tube is then slipped on to the aluminum strands and compressed to the
specified load and dimensions. The compression is started from the insulator string end of the
aluminum tube, skipping the ‘uncompressed zone’, and then worked towards the end of the
aluminum tube.
 Any sharp edges or burrs remaining after compressing the aluminum portion are filed off to give a
smooth finish.
 If the anchoring of the pulling arrangement has been done on the cross arm as shown in the
sketch as at Appendix – A, the conductor is then fitted with the relevant insulator string &
hardware, hoisted up and fixed on the cross arm of the tower.

12.0 CLIPPING IN / CLAMPING OF CONDUCTOR/EARTH WARE:

 The conductors should be clamped within 24 hours of final sagging.

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 Finally conductor should be clipped with clamps & insulator fittings on all towers as ape approved
drawing and procedure.

 A local ground / earthling is provided on the conductor at the location of work.

 The conductor accessories (damper, spacer, warning sphere etc.) are then fixed on the conductor
at the distance specified for the size of the conductor/OPGW by the manufacturer.

 The armouring and clamping operation can also be carried out by trained & experienced
personnel sitting in aerial chair/rope leader.

 The earth bond to be connected between the tower & earth wire on which hole is provided for it.

13.0 INSTALLATION OF JUMPER

 The jumper at the section and angle towers shall be formed to parabolic shape to ensure
maximum electrical clearance requirements.
 Clearance between the conductors and ground and between jumpers and the tower steel works
shall be checked during erection and before handing over the line as per the standards/
requirement. If pilot suspension string is used with jumpers, the same shall be clamped with
jumper.

 Fasteners in all fittings and accessories shall be secured in position. The security clip shall be
properly locked and sprung into position.

14.0 FINAL CHECKING OF STRINGING WORKS

After completion of the works, final checking of the line shall be done to ensure that the stringing have
been done strictly according to the specifications and approved by the supervising Engineer. All the
works shall be thoroughly inspected keeping in view the following main points:

 All bolts are properly tightened with the adequate torque as specified by the manufacturer.

 The stringing of the conductors and earth wire has been done as per the approved sag and
tension charts and desired clearances are clearly available.

 No damage minor or major to the conductors, earth wire accessories and insulator strings still
unattended are noticed and rectified. After final checking the line shall be tested for insulation in
accordance with tests prescribed.

 All arrangements for such testing or any other test desired shall be done. Any defect found out as
a result of such tests, shall be rectified.

 In addition to the above it shall be ensured that the total and relative sags of the conductors and
earth wire are within the specified tolerances. Such tests shall be carried out at selected points
along the route as deemed necessary. After satisfactory tests on line, the line may energize at full
operating voltage.

THE END

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 Page 8 of 40

Overhead Transmission Line Pre-

commissioning testing method and test
formats (TCD-QP-06).

PURPOSE:

To confirm during the execution of the project that all equipment and workmanship
are as per DEWA specifications approved drawings and design.

LIST OF SITE TEST

1. Insulation resistance test (MEGGER TEST).
2. Circuit Continuity test.
3. Phasing test.
4. Phase rotation test.
5. Positive impedance test.
6. Zero sequence impedance test.
7. Phase to phase susceptance test.
8. Positive mutual impedance test.
9. Zero sequence mutual impedance test.
10. Ground/earth Resistance Test for tower footing.
11. Conductor Resistance Measurement.
12. Contact resistance tests for joints.
13. Pre-commissioning checking (Visual, Mechanical & electrical clearances) of the TOHL.
 Page 9 of 40

Electrical Tests:

INSULATION RESISTANCE TEST (MEGGER TEST)

PURPOSE:

This test is performed to prove the integrity of insulation of the circuits.

Equipment required:

 5kV megger
 Test probes/connection lead
 Hand tools
 Warning tap
 Caution board
 Hand gloves etc.

Test Equipment Connection Diagram:

R R1

Y Y1

B B1

MEGGER

Ground

Testing Procedure

a) Isolate the three phases and shield wire from both ends of the both circuits (for ckt-1& Ckt.-2)
b) With the use of megger, check the insulation resistance between the phases and between each phase
with respect to ground for each circuit.
c) Record insulation resistance on a attached format.
d) Repeat the step a, b and c on the other circuit.
e) Record the test result in the Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-01
 Page 10 of 40

Precaution:
 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.
 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the
OHL under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.
 Proper communication channels.
 No person allowed to climb on tower during testing.

Acceptance criteria:

Insulation resistance is temperature-sensitive. When temperature increases, insulation resistance decreases,

and vice versa. A common rule of thumb is insulation resistance changes by a factor of two for each 100C
change. So, to compare new readings with previous ones, you'll have to correct your readings to some base
temperature. For example, suppose you measured 100 mega ohms with an insulation temperature of 30 0C. A
corrected measurement at 20 0C would be 200 mega ohms (100 mega ohms times two).

Also, "acceptable" values of insulation resistance depend upon the equipment you're testing. Historically, many
field engineers use the somewhat arbitrary standard of 1 mega ohm per kV up to 69kV.
69kV & above3 mega ohm/every1kVsystem voltage+1kV.

Circuit Continuity /Conductivity Test

PURPOSE:

To confirm the continuity of the each phase and to ensure the integrity of the erected OHL continuation from
end to end.

Equipment required:

 5kV megger
 Test probes/connection lead
 Hand tools
 Warning tap
 Caution board
 Low resistance shorting links
 Hand gloves etc.
 Page 11 of 40

Test equipment Connection Diagram:

R R1

Y Y

B B1

MEGGER

Testing Procedure

a) Short the three phases of one circuit at one end

b) Apply 1kV Voltage from megger to phase R & Y as shown a fig
c) Record the resistance reading from megger on attached Form.
d) Repeat the steps ‘b’ & ‘c’ on phases Y–B and B– R
e) Repeat the same procedures a, b, c, and d on the other circuit.
F) Record the reading in test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-02

Precaution:
 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.
 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the
OHL under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.
 Proper communication channels.
 No person allowed to climb on tower during testing.

Acceptance criteria:

Measured value should be zero (0) for R-Y, Y-B & B-R.
 Page 12 of 40

PHASING TEST

PURPOSE:

To confirm the phase orientation are properly done end to end.

Equipment required:

 5kV megger
 Test probes/connection lead
 Hand tools
 Warning tap
 Caution board
 Low resistance shorting links
 Hand gloves etc.

Test equipment connection diagram

R R1

Y Y1

B B1

Megger MEG

Ground
Ground

Testing Procedure

a) Isolate the three phases and shield wire from both ends of both circuits.
b) Ground one phase (e.g. R ) and by using the megger, record the resistance reading between R-Phase
and ground
c) Repeat the step (b) on the phases Y and B.
d) Repeat procedures a, b, c and d on the other circuit.
e) Record the reading in test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-03
 Page 13 of 40

Precaution:
 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.
 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the
OHL under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Proper communication channels.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.
 No person allowed to climb on tower during testing.

Acceptance criteria:

Measured value should be zero (0) with earth for R, Y & B.

PHASE ROTATION TEST

PURPOSE:

To confirm the sending & receiving end rotation are same which is very important for synchronizing
the circuits with the existing system.

Equipment required:

 3-phase .415kV A/C generator.

 Phase sequence metter-2 nos.
 Test probes/connection lead.
 Hand tools
 Warning tap
 Caution board
 Low resistance shorting links
 Hand gloves etc.

Test equipment connection diagram

R R1

Y Y1

GEN.

B B1

Phase Sequence Phase Sequence

Meter Meter
 Page 14 of 40

Testing Procedure

a) Connect the two phase sequence meter at the both ends of same circuit
b) Apply 3 Phase 415 Voltage to one circuit of the line
c) Check phase sequences at sending and receiving ends of the circuit
d) Record the phase sequences on attached format.
e) Repeat the procedure a, b, c & d for the second circuit.
f) Record the reading in test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-04

Precaution:

 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.

 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the
OHL under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Proper communication channels.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.
 No person allowed to climb on tower during testing.

ACEOTANCE CRITERIA:

Both end rotation meter direction should be same. Both should be clock wise or entry clock wise.

Positive impedance

Equipment required:

 3-phase .415kV A/C generator.

 Amp. metter-1.Volt meter-1,phas angle meter Or-Watt meter-1
 Test probes/connection lead.
 Hand tools
 Warning tap
 Caution board
 Low resistance shorting links
 Hand gloves etc.
 Page 15 of 40

Test Equipment Connection Diagram for Positive impedance:

Ammeter
A R R1

V voltmeter Φ Phase angle meter

Y Y1

Gen. B B1

Shield Wire

Testing Procedure:

a) Short the three phases and the shield wire at the end of one circuit
b) Under take the necessary connections as shown in above fig
c) Apply single phase or three phase low voltage to phase R – Y or Y-B & B-R.
d) Calculate the positive as per the following formula

Z1 = V/2I 
Z1 = V/2I (cos  j sin )

e) Repeat the steps a, b, c and d for circuit No. 2, if any.

g) Record the reading in test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-05

Precaution:
 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.
 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the
OHL under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Proper communication channels.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.

Acceptance criteria:

Measured & calculated value should be match with the specified theoretical line EMS data.
 Page 16 of 40

Zero Sequence Impedance Test

Equipment required:

 3-phase .415kV A/C generator.

 Amp. metter-1.Volt meter-1,phas angle meter Or-Watt meter-1
 Test probes/connection lead.
 Hand tools
 Warning tap
 Caution board
 Low resistance shorting links & Hand gloves etc.

Test Equipment Connection Diagram:

Ammeter
A

Volt meter V  Phase angle mete

Generator (Power source)

Shield wire

EATRH

Testing Procedure

a) Short the three phase and shield wire at both ends of circuit -1.
b) Connect the circuit as shown in fig.
c) Apply single phase/3 phase voltage from generator to the circuit
d) Record all the readings of ammeter, voltmeter and the phase angle meter, on the attached Format.
Calculate the Zero sequence impedance as per the following equations:

Formula:

Zo = 3V/I 
Zo= 3V/I (cos  j sin )

e) Repeat steps a, b, c and d for circuit No.2, if any

h) Record the reading in test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-06
 Page 17 of 40

Precaution:

 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.

 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the
OHL under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Proper communication channels.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.
 No person allowed to climb on tower during testing.

Acceptance criteria:

Measured & calculated value should be match with the specified theoretical line EMS data.

PHASE TO PHASE SUSCEPTANCE TEST

Equipment required:
 3-phase .415kV A/C generator.
 Amp. Metter-1, Volt meter-1,
 Test probes/connection lead.
 Hand tools
 Warning tap
 Caution board
 Low resistance shorting links & Hand gloves etc.

Test Equipment connection diagram

Shield wire

R R1
R R1
A

GEN V

Y Y1

B B1

Fig- G
 Page 18 of 40

Testing Procedure: -

a) Isolate the three phases of circuit no:1 from both ends, with shield wires earthed
b) Connect the Circuit as shown in above fig: Fig- G
c) Apply single phase low voltage between phases R & Y
d) Record all the readings of the ammeter and Volt Meter on attached Format.
e) Repeat the steps b, c and d for both phases R & B and Y & B
f) Calculate the phase susceptance as per following formula:

X =2V/I (Ohms)
B = 1/(- j X) (Mho)

g) Repeat all steps from a- f for circuit No.2.

i) Record the reading in test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-07

Precaution:
 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.
 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the
OHL under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Proper communication channels.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.

Acceptance criteria:

Measured & calculated value should be match with the specified theoretical line EMS data.
 Page 19 of 40

Positive/ Mutual impedance

Equipment required:

 3-phase .415kV A/C generator.

 Amp. metter-3.Volt meter-2, Test probes/connection lead.
 Hand tools
 Warning tap
 Caution board
 Low resistance shorting links & Hand gloves etc.

Test Equipment connection diagram

R R1

Y Y1

B B1

Fig –1 Circuit -1

A A A

GEN

R R1

Y Y1

B B1

Fig –2 Circuit - 2

V1
 Page 20 of 40

Testing Procedure:-

(a) Short the three phases of both circuits at one end

(b) Connect the circuit as shown is Fig-1 and Fig- 2
(c) Apply three phase low voltage to one of the circuit
(d) Record the readings of the ammeter in the circuit to which generator is connected and voltmeter (V) of
the induced voltage on the adjacent circuit
(e) Calculate the positive and negative sequence as per following formula: Z1 = V1/I
(f) Repeat the test by connecting the generator to other circuit.
j) Record the reading in test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-08

Precaution:

 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.

 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the
OHL under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Proper communication channels.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.
 No person allowed to climb on tower during testing.

Acceptance criteria:

Measured & calculated value should be match with the specified theoretical line EMS data.

ZERO SEQUENCE MUTUAL IMPEDANCE TEST

Equipment required:

 3-phase .415kV A/C generator.

 Amp. metter-1.Volt meter-1, phase angle meter-1
 Test probes/connection lead.
 Hand tools
 Warning tap
 Caution board
 Low resistance shorting links & Hand gloves etc.
 Page 21 of 40

Test equipment connection Diagram:-

Circuit - A
A

V Ø

Phase Angle Meter Ground

GEN

Ground

Ground

Testing Procedure:-

(a) Short the three phases of both circuits from both ends.
(b) Connect the all phases together as shown in fig-A:
(c) Apply single phase low voltage to the shorted lines and ground.
(d) Record the readings of the ammeter, voltmeter and the phase angle meter on attached Format
TL-008.
(e) Calculate the Zero sequence apparent impedance as per following formula : Z /o = 6V/I
The zero sequance mutual impedance Zom = Z/o – Zo where Zo is the zero sequence impedance of the
persperctive circuit obtained from the impedance test.
k) Record the reading in test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-09
 Page 22 of 40

Precaution:

 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.

 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the OHL
under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Proper communication channels.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.
 No person allowed to climb on tower during testing.

Acceptance criteria:

Measured & calculated value should be match with the specified theoretical line EMS data.

Ground/earth Resistance Test for tower footing

Purpose:

To ensure the integrity of the tower footing resistance.

SCOPE:-

This testing procedure specify the method required for the performing ground resistance tests on the
transmission line structures driven ground roads.

The method described to be applied but not limited to, or follow the ANSI/IEEE Etd 81-1983or latest edition or
IEEE guide for measuring ground resistance.

Equipment requirement
 Ground tester Megger.
 Test leads as supplied with tester
 Rubber gloves two pair.
 A minimum two men are required to perform this test.
 Earth Resistance Tester
 Two Spike Rod

 Connection Leads
 Tools Box
 Measuring Tape
 Warning Tapes, Caution Board etc.
 Page 23 of 40

Connection Diagram:

Procedure:

(1) Open the tower earthing connection from the tower (Earth pion E).
(2) Stick the auxiliary bar P into the ground and which will be 15m away from Earth point E.
(3) Then stick the auxiliary bar C into the ground and which will be 7m away from auxiliary bar p.
(4) Connect all test cords as per connection diagram.
(5) Make sure to stick the auxiliary earth bars/ spike rods deep into the moist part of the earth.
l) Switch on the instrument and record earth resistance on the test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-10

Precaution:-

(a) Always wear rubber gloves

(b) Do not test during thunder storms for personal safety
(c) Test should not be made during or just after rainstorm
(d) For accurate measuring of ground resistance, open the earth connection from stub angle, measure the
resistance grounding connection, after that again connect with stub angle.
(e) Gantry structure grounds should not be tested with station energized because of ground grid
connection.
(f) The tower footing resistance measurement to carried out before OPGW/Shield wire stringing on tower.

Acceptance criteria:

Maximum 10 Ω (ohm) is acceptable.

 Page 24 of 40

Conductor Resistance Test:

Purpose:

To ensure the integrity of the joints and termination of the phase conductor.

Equipment:

1. Micro Ohm Meter,

2. Connection leads,
3. Hand Tools,
4. Warning tape,
6. Caution Board, etc

Procedures

1. Micro ohm meter is connected across two phases (R-Y) of a circuit as shown in diagram appended here.
The far end of two phases is shorted.

2. Three readings as per circuit will be taken and results will be tabulated in the format attached. The
measurements will be repeated for Y-B and B-R phases for both circuits.

3. Resistance measured on meter = 2R

4. Resistance per phase = 2R/2 =R

5. Actual result to be converted to 200 C by below formula.

 Resistance at 200 C - R20

 R20 =Rt/ [1+ œ( T - 20)]
 Here, œ =Temp Coefficient, Rt= Measured resistance T= MBN temperature.
Record the reading in test Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-10
 Page 25 of 40

Precaution

 Remove all the temporary earthing provided during stringing of conductor.

 Open/disconnect the Jumper connections at the both end as required tower/gantry of the
OHL under test.
 Sufficient manpower to be paced at the both remote end.
 Proper communication channels.
 Ensure no other parties are working on or near the circuit under test.
 Conduct the tool box talk.
 Placed the Warning board & barricaded the testing area with the caution tape.
 No person allowed to climb on tower during testing.

Acceptance Criteria

Result should not accede the conductor under test the resistance per/km given by the supplier.
Example: AAAC YEW (HC), area-479.9 sq.mm, dia-28.42mm. Ω/km=0.06644.

Conductor Joint Resistance Measurement Test

Purpose:

All the compression joints /connecting nut and bolts of OHL jumper connections contact resistance to be tested
to ensure the compression/tightening has done perfectly.

The test measures the resistance at the micro- or milli-ohm level and is used primarily to verify that electrical
connections are made properly, and can detect the following problems:

 Loose connections
 Adequate tension on bolted joints and insufficient compression of the Mid-Span joints, T-Joints &
Jumper connectors.
 Eroded contact surfaces
 Contaminated or corroded contacts
This is particularly important for contacts that carry large amounts of current (e.g. OHL Conductors joints) as
higher contact resistance leads to higher losses and lower current carrying capacity.

Scope:

On site test for OHL conductor’s Joints.

Standard/Specification reference of the Test:

As per IEC specification – 60840

Frequency of Testing:

Contact Resistance test is performed after final compression/tightness of the joints of OHL conductors.100%
joints to be tested.
 Page 26 of 40

Procedure:

Equipment / Accessories used for the Test:

 Micro Ohmmeter
 Connection leads
 Tools
 Wire brush
 Bucket crane which can reach to measuring height.
 Warning tape, Caution Board etc.
 Earthing leads & PPES.

Procedure details:

The testing area of the conductor to be sharply cleaned with fine/flexible wire brush to get the nice results. The
test probe terminals to be placed properly on joining (Both the lap separately) and hold the probe up to steady
the reading. Reading to be recorded in the prescribed Form# TP/TCD/ QP-6/ OHL/ SAT-11

Note:
The MBN/conductor temperature to be recorded during the measurement of the joint resistance. The effects of
contact resistance can be eliminated with the use of a four point probe. A schematic of a four point probe is
shown in figure below. In this diagram, four wires (or probes) have been attached to the test sample. A
constant current is made to flow the length of the sample through probes labeled 1 and 4 in the figure. This can
be done using a current source or a power supply as shown. Many power supplies have a current output
readout built into them. If not, an ammeter in series with this circuit can be used to obtain the value of the
current. A 5 Watt power supply capable of producing up to 0.5 Amp is required for the experiments described
for conducting devices.

If the sample has any resistance to the flow of electrical current, then there will be a drop of potential (or
voltage) as the current flows along the sample, for example between the two wires (or probes) labeled 2 and 3
in the figure. The voltage drop between probes 2 and 3 can be measured by a digital voltmeter. The resistance
of the sample between probes 2 and 3 is the ratio of the voltage registering on the digital voltmeter to the value
of the output current of the power supply. The high impedance of the digital voltmeter minimizes the current
flow through the portion of the circuit comprising the voltmeter. Thus, since there is no potential drop across
the contact resistance associated with probes 2 and 3, only the resistance associated with the conductor
between probes 2 and 3 is measured.
 Page 27 of 40

Test Diagram In figure 2:

Figure 1: Digital four point low resistance measurement

Equipment.

Precautions:

 Coordinate with other contractors before starting the test.

 Provide warning tape inside substation where the circuit to be tested
 Put warning sign inside substation (Sealing end) of the circuit which will be tested.
 Tested area to be cleaned properly with wire brush.
 Bucket crane to be placed properly.
 Crane boom direction to be in transversal direction.
 TOHL should be properly earhed in all phase in all Section towers.
 Conductor pulling can be done after measure the mid span joint’s contact resistance measurement
& signed by the concerned engineering in charge.
 Full harness safety belt and required PPES to be used.
 Testing equipment to be properly placed inside the lifting bucket.
 All the activities to be handled under the supervision of experience testing & safety engineer.
Acceptance criteria:

As per installation guide line Link contact resistance shall not be greater than 20 micro ohms or joint resistance
does not exceed 70% value of the equal length of the conductor.