1.

Geometry
➢ PART A: LINES & ANGLES
Line and Line Segment
• A line is a straight line that extends indefinitely in both the directions.
• A line contains infinite number of points.
• Given any two points on a line, a line segment is a part of line that contains two points and all the
points between them. The two points are called end points.
• Line segments that have equal lengths are called congruent line segments.
• A point that divides a line segment into two congruent line segments is called the mid point of the line
segment.

• In the given figure, points A, B, C and D are on line l.

• Line segment AB contains point A, point B and all the points between A and B.
• AB denotes line segment AB and sometimes its length.
• BC and CD are congruent line segments. Thus, C is the mid-point of line segment BD.
• Infinite number of lines can pass from any given point.
• To define a line, at least two distinct points are required.
Angles
• An angle is formed by the intersection of two line segment, rays or lines.
• The point of intersection is called two vertex and line segments, rays or lines are called two sides of
the angle.

• An angle can be expressed in different ways:

(i) x (ii) B (iii) ABC (iv) CBA
• Angles are classified according to their degree measures.

I. An angle less than 90° is an acute angle.

II. An angle exactly 90° is a right angle. It is denoted by a small square at the vertex.
III. An angle that is more than 90° and less than 180° is an obtuse angle.
IV. An angle measuring 180° is a straight angle.
• The sum of all angles around a point is 360°
• If the total of two angles is 90°, they are called complementary angles.
• If the total of two angles is 180°, they are called supplementary angles.
Lines and Angles
• If two or more angles form a straight line, their total is 180° and they are called linear angles.

• When two different lines intersect, they form four angles.

• a and c consist of a pair of opposite angles and they are equal.
• a and b consist of a pair of adjacent angles and they are supplementary to each other.

• If two different lines do not intersect at any point, they are called parallel lines. They are denoted as
l m.
• Two different lines that are not parallel always intersect at exactly one point.
• Two lines that intersect to form four congruent angles are called perpendicular lines. Each of the four
angles has a measure of 90°. Two lines are denoted as l ⊥ m .

• If two parallel lines are cut by a transversal line, which is not perpendicular to parallel lines, then,
 I. Eight angles are formed, out of which four are acute angles and four are obtuse.
II. All acute angles have same measure and all obtuse angles also have same measure.
III. Total of one acute and one obtuse angle is 180°.

➢ PART B: Triangles
• A polygon with 3 sides and 3 vertices is known as a triangle.
• The total of all interior angles of a triangle is 180°.
• The measure of an exterior angle of a triangle is equal to sum of two opposite interior angles.

a + b + c = 180
x = a+b
• The length of each side of a triangle must be less than the sum of lengths of other two sides and more
than the difference of lengths of other two sides.

7 – 4 < BC < 7 + 4,
So 3 < BC < 11
• In any triangle, the longest side is opposite to the largest angle and the shortest side is opposite to the
shortest angle. The sides with same lengths have opposite angles with same measure.
AB > a, so c > b

Types of Triangles

AB = BC = AC AB = AC AB ≠ BC ≠ AC
x = y = z = 60 y=z x≠y≠z
Equilateral Isosceles Scalene
• A triangle with all sides equal is an equilateral triangle. An equilateral triangle also has all angles
equal at 60°
• A triangle with at least two sides equal is an isosceles triangle.
• A triangle with no equal sides is a scalene triangle. No angles are equal in a scalene triangle.
• A triangle containing a right angle is called a right triangle. The side opposite to right angle is called
hypotenuse. The other two sides are called two legs. The hypotenuse is the longest side in a right
triangle.

Right triangle Obtuse triangle Acute Triangle

• A triangle containing an obtuse angle is called an obtuse triangle.
• A triangle with all three acute angles is called an acute triangle.

Pythagorean Theorem

a 2 + b2 = c 2 .
• In a right triangle ABC if AC is the hypotenuse with length c, and a and b are the lengths of the two
legs, then a2 + b2 = c2 .
• Some common length measures of right triangles are:

• If inABC B is an obtuse angle, then c2  a2 + b2 . If B is an acute angle, then c2  a2 + b2 .

c 2  a 2 + b2 c 2  a 2 + b2
Area of triangle
1
• The area of a triangle can be given by the formula : Area = base × height
2
• Any side of a triangle can be used as a base. The height that corresponds to the base is the
perpendicular line segment from the opposite vertex to the base (ortheextension of the base).
 1
For all the three triangles Area = (15  6 ) = 45
2

Area of AXY = Area of BXY = Area of CXY = Area of DXY

• All the triangles with two vertices same and the third vertex on the line parallel to the side have the
same area.
• The area of a triangle can also be calculated with the formula :
Area = s ( s − a )( s − b)( s − c )
1
where s = ( a + b + c ) ; a, b, c are the lengths of sides of a triangle.
2
3
• The area of an equilateral triangle can also be : Area = ( side)2
4
c
• The area of an Isosceles triangle can be calculated by : Area = 4a 2 − c 2
4
where, c = length of third side; a = length of two equal sides.

Median and Centroid

• A line segment joining a vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side is known as the median.
• Each triangle has 3 medians.

• All 3 medians of a triangle intersect at one point known as the centroid.

• The centroid bisects each median in the ratio of 2 : 1.
AM BM CM 2
= = =
MD ME MF 1
• According to Appollonius' Theorem, if AD is a median in ABC, then AB2 + AC 2 = 2( BD2 + AD2 )
Altitude and Orthocenter
• The perpendicular line segment at a side that passes through the opposite vertex is called the altitude.

• The altitude is also known as the height.

• The point of intersection of three altitudes is known as the orthocenter.
• The orthocenter of a right triangle is the vertex at right angle.
• The orthocenter of an obtuse triangle is outside the triangle.

Angular bisectors and incenter

• The ray that divides the internal angle into equal halves is known as an angular bisector.

• The intersection point of 3 angular bisectors is the incenter.

• The incenter is the center of the circle inscribed inside the triangle.
• The incenter of a triangle is equidistant from all the sides.
AB BD
• In triangle ABC if AD is an angular bisector of A, then =
AC DC .
Perpendicular bisectors and Circumcentor
• The perpendicular bisector is a line perpendicular to a side and intersects the side at its midpoint.

• The intersection point of all perpendicular bisectors is the circumcenter.

• The circumcenter is equidistant from all three vertices of the triangle.
• The circumcenter is the center of a circle passing through all the vertices.
• The circumcenter of a right triangle is the mid-point of the hypotenuse.
• The circumcenter of an obtuse triangle lies outside the triangle.
Isosceles Triangle
• In an isosceles triangle the altitude, the median, the angular bisector and the perpendicular bisector
are the same and it passes through the common vertex of two congruent sides.
• If AB = AC, then AD is the angular bisector of A, the median, the altitude as well as the
perpendicular bisector of BC.

Equilateral Triangle
• In an equilateral triangle all the three medians, the altitudes, the angular bisectors and the
perpendicular bisecters are the same.
• All the four centers, the centroid, the orthocenter, the incenter and the circumcenter are also at the
same point.
1
• The inradius of an equilateral triangle is h .
3
2
• The circumradius of an equilateral triangle is h
3 .
• So, the circumcenter = 2 × in radius of an equilateral triangle.
A
• The circumradius is also equal to , where A is the area of the equilateral triangle.
3
3
• The height of an equilateral triangle is ( side)
2
Similar and Congruent Triangle
• Two triangles are similar if they have the same shape.
• Similar triangles have equal corresponding angles and the corresponding sides are in proportion.

• Triangles ABC and DEF are similar as their corresponding angles are congruent.
A = D, B = E, C = F
AB BC AC
= =
DE EF DF
• For similar triangle, corresponding heights are also in same proportion to the proportion of side.
 AM AB
=
DN DE
• The ratio of areas of two similar triangles is equal to the square of the ratio of any two corresponding
sides.
Area of ABC  AB   BC   AC   AM 
2 2 2 2

=  =  =  = 
Area of ABC  DE   EF   DF   BM 
• If two similar triangles have their corresponding sides equal then they are congruent triangles.
• If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle that intersect other two sides, then the inner triangle
formed is similar to the original triangle.

If DE || BC, then ABC and ADE are similar triangles.

AD AE
=
DB EC
AD AE DE
= =
AB AC BC
• The line joining midpoints of two sides is parallel to the third side and half of it.

AD AE DE 1
• If AD = DB and AE = EC, then DE || BC and = = =
AB AC BC 2 .

➢ PART C: Other Polygons and Quadrilaterals

• A polygon is a closed figure formed by three or more line segments called sides.

• Each side is joined to two other sides at its end points and the endpoints are called vertices.
• The simplest polygon is a triangle with 3 sides and 3 vertices.
• Other examples are the quadrilateral, the pentagon, the hexagon and the octagon with 4, 5, 6 & 8
sides respectively.
• Any polygon can be divided into triangles.
• Thus, a polygon of n sides can be divided into (n – 2) triangles.
• The sum of all interior angles in a triangle is 180°.So the sum of all interior angles of any polygon is
(n – 2)180°.
Example: The sum of all interior angles of a hexagon is
(n – 2)(180) = (6 – 2) (180) = 4 × 180 = 720
• In any polygon the sum of exterior angles, taking one at each vertex, is 360°.

• A polygon in which all sides and all interior angles are congruent is a regular polygon.
• The perimeter of a polygon is the sum of lengths of its sides.
• The area of a polygon refers to the area of the region enclosed within the polygon.
• Line segments inside the polygon drawn from one vertex to another are called diagonals.

Quadrilaterals
• Every quadrilateral has four sides and four interior angles.
• The measure of interior angles add upto 360°.

Parallelogram
• A parallelogram is a quadrilateral in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel.

• Opposite sides are equal in a parallelogram. In the given parallelogram ABCD,

AB = CD and AD = BC.
• Opposite angles are also equal.
• Each pair of adjacent angles make a total of 180°. Therefore, x + y = 180°.
• Diagonals bisect each other. So, AM = CM and BM = DM.
• Each diagonal divides the parallelogram into two congruent triangles.
ABD = CDB, ADC = CBA
• The area of parallelogram is base × height.
Rhombus
• A parallelogram whose all sides are equal is called a rhombus.

AB = BC = CD = DA; AC = d1, BD = d2
• A rhombus has all the properties of a parallelogram.
• In addition, both the diagonals bisect each other at the right angle and are not congruent.
• The sum of squares of sides is equal to sum of squares of diagonals : d12 + d22 = 4l 2 .
• Each diagonal is an angular bisector of interior angles.
• The area of a rhombus is base × height.
1
• The area of a rhombus can also be given by the formula : (d1  d 2 )
2 .
Rectangle
• A parallelogram with interior angles 90° is called a rectangle.
• A rectangle has all the properties of a parallelogram.
• In addition, the diagonals are congruent in a rectangle AC = BD.

• The area of a rectangle can be given by length × width.

• The perimeter is 2 ( l + w)
.
• The diagonal is l 2 + w2 .

Square
• A rectangle with all sides congruent is called a square.
• A rhombus with all angles 90° is also called a square.
• Thus, a square is a rectangle and a rhombus also.
• A square has all the properties of a parallelogram, a rhombus and a rectangle.
1
• The area of a square can be given by l 2 or d 2 .
2
• The perimeter of a square is 4l .
• The diagonal of the square is 2l .
• The diameter of the inscribed circle in a square is a side of the square.
• The diameter of the circle circumscribing a square is a diagonal of the square.

Trapezoid
• The trapezoid is a quadrilateral in which one pair of sides is parallel and the other pair of sides is not
parallel.
• Two parallel sides of the trapezoid are called the bases of the trapezoid.

• In a trapezoid, two bases are never equal.

AM BM
• The diagonals cut each other in the same proportion. =
CM DM
1
• The area of trapezoid is ( b1 + b2 )  h
2
• If ADC and BCD are equal then the trapezoid ABCD is called an isoscles trapezoid and AD =
BC.
• If F and G are midpoints of AD and BC respectively then FG is parallel to CD and
1
AB and FG = (AB + CD).
2

More on Parallelogram
• If the diagonals of parallelogram are equal, then it is a rectangle.
• If the sides of a quadrilateral are equal and its diagonals are equal then it is a square.
• The quadrilateral formed by joining the mid-points of adjacent sides of a rectangle is a rhombus.
• The quadrilateral formed by joining the midpoints of adjacent sides of a rhombus is a rectangle.
• For a given perimeter, the rectangle with the largest area is a square.
• For a given area, the rectangle with the smallest perimeter is a square.

➢ PART D: Circles
• Given a point O, a circle consists of all the points that are the same distance from point O.
• Point O is called the center of the circle and the distance of each point from the center is called the
radius.

• The diameter of a circle is twice the radius.

• Any line segment joining any two points on a circle is called the chord.
• A chord passing through the center is called the diameter.
• A line passing through two points of a circle is called the secant.
• A line passing through exactly one point of a circle is called the tangent.
• The area bounded by the circumference and an angle with vertex at the center of the circle is a sector.
• A part of the circumference is an arc.
• From any given point, infinite circles can pass.
• From any given pair of points, infinite circles can pass.
• Three non-collinear points are required to define a unique circle.

Radius and Diameter

• Radius and Diameter can also be viewed as line segments.
• A line segment joining center and any point on the circle is the radius.
• A line segment joining two points on the circle and passing through the centre is the diameter.

Circumference and Area

• The distance around a circle is called the circumference and it is denoted by C.
• The circumference is analogus to the perimeter of a polygon.
• The ratio of the circumference to the diameter is constant. It is denoted by the greek letter π and it has
22
a value approximately of 3.14 or .
7
• Thus, the circumference of a circle can be given by –
C = πd
C = 2πr [ d = 2r ] where, d = diameter; r = radius
• Area of the circle can be given by
Area =  r 2
Chord, Arc and Sector
• A chord divides a circle into two parts. Each part is called a segment.

• The triangle made by the enclosure of a chord and two radii is an isosceles triangle.
• The perpendicular bisector of a chord passes through the center. The line segment joining mid-point
of the chord and the center is the distance of the chord from the center.
• Two chords with the same length are equidistant from the center and vice versa.
• Equal chords also have equal arcs and central angles, where the central angle of a circle is an angle
with its vertex at the center of the circle. AOB is a central angle, as given in the figure.
• The length of an arc can be given by –
  
Length of an arc = 2 r  
 360 
where,  is the central angle in degrees, r is the radius of the circle.
• The measure of an arc is the central angle formed by connecting two end points of the arc to the
centre of the circle.
• Area of a sector can be given by –
  
Area of a sector =  r 2  
 360 
• The central angle is the double of the angle subtended on the circle by the same arc.

• All the inscribed angles on one side of the chord have similar measure.
• An angle inscribed in a semicircle is a right angle.
Cyclic quadrilateral
• A quadrilateral inscribed inside a circle is a cyclic quadrilateral.

X + Y = 180; W + Z = 180
• The sum of opposite angles in a cyclic quadrilateral is 180°.
• A parallelogram inscribed in a circle is a rectangle.
• A rhombus inscribed in a circle is a square.

Tangent
• A tangent intersects at exactly one point of circle, known as a point of tangency.
• A tangent at any point of circle is perpendicular to the radius at that point.

• If a secant and a tangent drawn to the circle from one point outside the circle, then PT2 = PA  PB

.B
A .
P
.
T

• From any given point outside a circle, two and only two tangents can be drawn. Both tangents are
congruent.

PA = PB
More on circles
• Two or more circles with the same center are called concentric circles.

• Two circles with same radii are called congruent circles.

• If two circles are tangent to each other (they intersect at exactly one point), then the distance between
their center is the total of their radii.

OP = r1 + r2
• The degree measure of a complete circle is 360°.

➢ PART E: Solid Geometry

• The geometry of three-dimensional figures is solid geometry.
Rectangular Box
• A rectangular solid or box is a solid formed by six rectangles called faces.
• The sides of the rectangles are called edges.
• All faces are perpendicular to each adjacent face.
• Each point where the edges intersect is the vertex.
• In a rectangular box, there are 8 vertices and 12 edges.
• A rectangular box has a length, a width and a height.

• The volume of a box is length × width × height

V = lwh
• The surface area of a box is :
A = 2(lw + wh + lh).
• The distance between two farthest vertices of a box (diagonal of the box represented as AD in figure)
can be given by
l 2 + w2 + h 2 .
Cube
• A box with the length, the width and the height of same measure is a cube.
• A cube has all the edges of the same length.
• The volume of a cube V = l 3 .
• The surface area of a cube A = 6l 2 .
• The distance between two farthest vertices of a cube is 3l 2

Cylinder
• A cylinder has two circular bases that are congruent and a lateral surface or height.
• The volume of a cylinder V =  r 2 h .
• The total surface area of a cylinder = 2 rh + 2 r 2 .
• The curved surface area of a cylinder = 2πrh.

Cone
• A cone has one circular base and a slant height.
• If the slant height of cone is l and its height is h then l = h2 + r 2 .
1 2
• The volume of a cone is V = r h
3 .
• The curved surface area of cone A =  rl =  r h 2 + r 2 .

• The total surface area of cone A =  rl +  r 2 =  r (l + r ) .

Sphere
• A sphere is a three dimensional circular solid with a radius r.
4
• The volume of sphere V =  r 3
3 .
• The surface area of the sphere V = 4 r 2 .

➢ PART F: Co-ordinate Geometry

• Two real number lines that are perpendicular to each other and that intersect at their respective zero
points define a rectangular co-ordinate system, often called the XY – coordinate system or XY –
plane.
• The horizontal number line is called X – axis and vertical number line is called Y – axis, and the
intersection point is called the origin.

Co-ordinates
• Each point P in the XY – plane can be identified with an ordered pair (x, y) of real numbers and is
denoted as P(x, y).
• For P(x, y) the first number is called the X – Cordinate and the second number is called the
Y – coordinate.
• Points to the right of the Y – axis have positive X – cordinates and those to the left have negative X –
coordinates.
• Points above the X – axis have positive Y – coordinates and those below it have negative Y –
coordinates.
• If a point is on the X – axis, its Y – coordinate is 0.
• If a point is on the Y – axis, its X – coordinate is 0.
• The origin has the coordinates (0, 0).

Quadrants
• The two axes divides the XY – plane into four regions called the quadrants I, II, III and IV.

• Quadrant I has X & Y coordinates positive, II has the X – coordinate negative and the Y – coordinate
positive, III has the both coordinates negative and IV has the X – coordinate positive and the Y –
coordinate negative.
• In the figure above all four points have the same coordinate except for the signs.
• P' is the reflection of P about the X – axis or P and P' are symmetric about the X – axis.
• P'' is the reflection of P about the origin or P and P'' are symmetric about the origin.
• P''' is the reflection of P about the Y – axis or P''' and P are symmetric about the Y – axis.

Distance
• The distance between two points P(x1 , y1 ) and Q(x2 , y2 ) in co-ordinate system can be given by-

PQ = ( x1 − x2 ) 2 + ( y1 − y2 ) 2
Example:Distance between P(3, 4) and Q(7, 1) is:
PQ = (3 − 7) 2 + (4 − 1) 2 = 42 + 32 =5
• The co-ordinates of a point R dividing PQ in ratio of m : n can be given by
 mx + nx1 my2 + ny1 
R 2 ,  , when R divides PQ internally.
 m+n m+n 
when, R divides PQ externally
PR m
=
QR n
  mx − nx1 my2 − ny1 
R 2 , 
 m−n m−n 
• If R is a mid-point of PQ then coordinates of R are
 x + x y + y2 
R 1 2 , 1 
 2 2 
Line function
• The equation of a line is a linear equation.
• In a co-ordinate system, the equation of a line is given by,
y = mx + c
where, m is the slope of the line, c is the Y – intercept of the line.

• The point where the line intersects with X – axis is the X – intercept of line and point of intersection
with Y – axis is the Y – intercept of line.
• The X – intercept of any line with the equation y = mx + C can be found out by putting the value of
the Y – coordinate zero.
• The Y – intercept of any line with the equation y = mx + c can be found out by putting the value of X
– coordinate as zero.

Slope
• The slope of a line passing through the two points Q( x1 , y1 ) , R( x2 , y2 ) where x1  x2 is defined as
y2 − y1
m=
x2 − x1 .
• The ratio is often called 'Rise over Run', where the rise is change in Y when moving from Q to R and
the run is the change in X when moving from Q to R.
• A horizontal line (parallel to X – axis) always has a slope 0.
• A vertical line (parallel to Y – axis) always has a slope of .
• When a line passes through the origin, its X and Y – intercepts are zero. So the equation of such a line
is y = mx
• When the slope is 1, y = x, so the rise over run is the same.
• A line with slope 1 makes an angle of 45° with the positive X – axis.
• A line with slope 1 makes an angle of 45° with the negative X – axis.
• As the angle with the positive X – axis increases, the slope increases upto the angle 90° and the slope
is positive.
• As the angle with the negative X – axis increases upto 90°, the slope decreases and the slope is
negative.
• The slope of two parallel lines is the same.
• The product of the slopes of two perpendicular lines is (–1).

Circular Function
• The graph of an equation of the form ( x − a)2 + ( y − b)2 = r 2 is a circle with its center at the point
(a, b) and radius r.
• The graphs of the equation x + y 2 = 100 and ( x − 6)2 + ( y + 5)2 = 9 are shown below:
Parabolic Function
• The graph of a quadratic equation of the form y = ax2 + bx + c is a parabolic function.

• If b = 0 then the graph passes through the origin.

• y = −(ax2 + bx + c) isthe reflection of y = ax2 + bx + c and passes through the third and the fourth
quadrant.
• y = x is a horizontal parabolic function.

Absolute function
• The graph of an equation of a form y = | x | is an absolute function and of a V shape formed by two
lines.
 EXERCISE
Lines & Angles

1. Angles a, b and c are in the ratio of 1 : 3 : 2. How many degrees are there in angle b?

(A) 30 (B) 50 (C)60 (D)90 (E)100

x− y
2. In the figure below, AB is a line segment. What is the value of ?
x+ y

5 1 7 11 7
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
24 4 16 24 13

3. In the figure, l || m and n || o. Find the values of angles q, s, p and r.

4. l and m are parallel and a – b = 60°. Find the value of a.

(A)60 (B) 80 (C)100 (D) 120 (E) 130

 d l1
c

I2
b

l3
a

5. In the figure above l1 is parallel to l2 and l2 is parallel to l3. What is the value of a + b + c + d?
(A) 180 (B) 270 (C) 360 (D) 450 (E) cannot be determined

l
a
1

b I2

l3
l4

6. In the figure above , if l1 is parallel to l2 and l4 is perpendicular to l2 , which of the following must be
true?
I l1 ⊥ l4
II a = b
III a + b = 90

(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I & II only
(D) II & III only

7. In the figure, if PR || QS, then x= ?

(A) 95 (B) 85 (C)75 (D)65 (E)55

8. Lines l and m are parallel. Find the value of x + y.

(A)90 (B) 180 (C)99 (D)138 (E)195

l3
d c

b l4
a

l I2
1

9. In the figure above, if l1 ⊥ l2 and l3 l4, which of the following statements must be true?
I a + b = 90
II a + c = 90
III b = d

(A) I only
(B) II only
(C) I & II only
(D) II & III only
(E) I, II and III

10. In the figure n || p. If x = 30 and y = 80, what is the value of z ?

(A)70 (B) 65 (C)60 (D)55 (E)50

11. In the figure, if x = 4y, then y = ______.

(A) 30 (B) 36 (C)37.5 (D)40 (E) 50

98

54
x

12. In the figure above, what is the value of x ?

(A) 24 (B) 28 (C) 36 (D) 44 (E) 48

B
C

A E

13. In the figure above, AB is perpendicular to AE. If the measure of  BAD is 53 degrees and the
measure of  CAE is 73 degrees, what is the degree measure of  CAD?
(A) 24 (B) 36 (C) 53 (D) 73 (E) cannot be determined
 Triangles

1. Find the value of angle A.

(A) 15 (B) 45 (C) 60 (D)80 (E)120

2. x , y and z are the angles of a triangles. If x = 2 y and y = z + 30 , how many degrees are there in
the angle x ?
(A) 22.5 (B) 37.5 (C) 52.5 (D) 90 (E) 105

115
s
r

60

3. In the figure above, what is the value of r – s?

(A) 50 (B) 55 (C) 60 (D) 65 (E) 70

4. Express angle a in terms if b and c.

(A)b + c (B)b – c (C)c – b (D)180 – (b + c) (E)180 – (b – c)

5. If AB = BX and XC = CD in the figure above, what is s in terms of p and r?

(A)180 – 2(p + r) (B) p + r – 90
(C) 2(p + r) (D)p + r
p+r
(E)
2
6. If the length of two of the sides of a triangle are 6 and 7, which of the following could be the length of
the third side?

(I) 1 (II) 5 (III) 15

(A)None (B) I only (C)II only (D)I & II only (E) I, II and III

7. If the length of two of the sides of a triangle are 10 and 4, which of the following could be the
perimeter of the triangle ABC?
(A) 14 (B) 20 (C)24 (D)28 (E)16

8. Perimeter of triangle I equals perimeter of triangle II. Find x – y.

(A)0 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 6 (E) 8

9. In the figure above, BP = CP. If x = 120, then y = _____

(A)30 (B) 60 (C)75 (D)90 (E)120

10. In the given figure AB = BC and AC = CD. Find ADC.

(A) 15 (B) 30 (C) 60 (D) 90 (E)120

11. Line l is parallel to side BC and line m is parallel to side AC. ABC is an equilateral triangle.
Find X.

(A)30 (B) 45 (C)60 (D)90 (E) 120

12. The length of two sides of an isosceles triangle are 15 and 22 respectively. Which of the following
can be perimeter of the triangle?
(I) 52 (II) 55 (II) 59
(A)I only (B) II only (C)I and II only (D)I and III only (E) II and III only

13. Which of the following sets of numbers cannot represent the lengths of the sides of a right triangle?
(A) 5, 12, 13
(B) 4.2, 5.6, 7
(C) 9, 28, 35
(D) 16, 30, 34
(E) 7.5, 18, 19.5

14. What is the value of x ?

(A)16 (B) 18 (C)24 (D)25 (E) 26

15. A man travels 4 miles north then 12 miles east and then 12 miles north. How far (to the nearest mile)
is he from starting point?
(A)17 (B) 20 (C)21 (D)24 (E)28

16. Two sides of a right angle triangles are 6 and 8. Which of the following would be the length of the
third side?
(I) 10 (II) 11 (III) 2 7
(A)I only (B) II only (C)I & II only (D)I & III only (E) I, II & III

17. If the length of one leg of a right triangle is x + 2, and the length of the hypotenuse is x + 3, where
x > -2, what is the length of the other leg in terms of x?
(A) x (B) x + 1 (C) x + 5 (D) x+5 (E) 2x + 5

18. A

C D
 In the following diagram, if BC = CD = BD = 1, and angle ADC is a right angle, what is the
perimeter of triangle ABD?
(A) 3 (B) 2 + 2 (C) 2 + 3 (D) 3 + 3 (E) 4

19. What is the value of AS in the triangle?

(A) 5 2 (B) 10 (C)11 (D)13 (E) 12 2

20. Find AC.

(A) 5 3 (B) 5 (C)10 (D) 5 2 (E) 5 15

21. Find AB.

(A)14.5 (B) 29 (C) 29 3 (D)17.7 (E) 58 3

22. Find perimeter of ABC.

(A) 45 + 9 3 (B) 36 3 (C) 9 + 27 3 (D) 36 (E) 27 3

23. Find the perimeter of triangle ABC.

(A) 2 6 (B) 3 6 (C) 3 2 + 6 (D) 2 3 + 6 (E) 2 6 + 2

24. Find the area of an equilateral triangle each one of whose sides measure 6 cm.
(A) 3 3 (B) 5 4 (C)8 (D) 9 2 (E) 9 3

25. Find the area of a right triangle whose base is 4m and hypotenuse 5m.
(A) 5m2 (B) 6m2 (C) 7.9m2 (D) 10m2 (E) 20m2

26. Find the area of an isosceles triangle, in which each one of equal sides is 5m and the third side is 6m.
(A) 1m2 (B) 5.5m2 (C) 12m2 (D) 22m2 (E) 24m2

27. What is the area of triangle?

(A)24 (B) 30 (C)40 (D)48 (E)60

28. In the figure, mABC = 150°, AB = 8 cm, BC 12 cm. Find the area of ABC.

(A)48 (B) 24 (C) 96 (D) 60 (E) 30

29. Find the area of triangle ABC.

(A) 2 11 (B) 4 11 (C) 2 55 (D) 4 55 (E) 2 55

30. ABC and DEF have same area. If altitude of ABC is more than DEF, then what can be CF? BD
= 10.

(A)5 (B) 7 (C)9 (D)10 (E)12

31. If the area of PQR is 32, what is the length of PR?

(A) 2 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D)16 (E)32

32. In ABC, AM is a median. If AB = 11, BC = 16 and AC = 13, find AM.

(A)3 (B) 6 (C)9 (D)11 (E)12

33. PR = 12 in triangle PQR. Find QS.

(A)4 (B) 5 (C)6 (D)7 (E) 8

34. In ABC, the bisector of angle A intersects BC at D. If AB : AC = 2 : 3 and BC = 7, find BD.

(A) 1.2 (B) 2.1 (C)2.8 (D)3.4 (E)4.9

35. O is the orthocenter of equilateral triangle ABC. If AC = 8 3 , find OD.

(A) 4 3 (B) 8 3 (C) 12 (D)8 (E)4

36. In the given figure, DE is parallel to BC. If AD = 3, DB = 4 and AC = 14, then AE = ____.

(A) 3 (B) 6 (C)10 (D)12 (E)14

37. In the figure BA = 2BC, EA = 2DE, BE = 14, DC = ?

(A)7 (B) 18 (C)21 (D)24 (E)28

38. In the figure PQ || BC, AQ = 4 cm, QC = 2 cm & PQ = 6 cm, find BC.

(A)2 (B) 3 (C)4 (D) 6 (E) 9

39. In the following diagrams, AC = CE and BD = DE. Which of these statements is (are) true?
I AB is twice as long as CD
II AB is parallel to CD
III Triangle AEB is similar to triangle CED
C
A

D
B

(A) I only
(B) II and III only
(C) I and III only
(D) I, II and III
(E) None of these
40. In the given figure DE is parallel to BC. If DE = 4 cm and BC = 8 cm and the area of the triangle
ABC is 120, then find area of triangle ADE.

(A)15 (B) 30 (C)45 (D)60 (E) 75

41. The perimeter of a right angle triangle is 18 inches. If the midpoints of the three sides are joined by
line segments, they form another triangle. What is the perimeter of this new triangle?
(A) 3 inches (B) 6 inches (C) 9 inches (D) 12 inches (E) cannot be determined

Polygons and Quadrilaterals

1. If each of the angle of a regular polygon is 135, how many sides does it have?
(A)5 (B) 6 (C)7 (D)8 (E)9

2. Find the sum of interior angles of a decagon.

(A)1800 (B) 1440 (C) 1080 (D) 360 (E)180

3. Each exterior angle of a regular polygon is 30. Find the number of sides of the polygon.
(A)9 (B) 10 (C)11 (D)12 (E)13

4. What is the value of x – y ?

(A)0 (B) 30 (C)45 (D)60 (E)90

5. What is the area of hexagonal region shown in figure?

(A) 54 3 (B) 108 (C) 108 3

(D)216 (E)Canot be determined
6. The angles of a quadrilateral are in the ratio 1:2:3:4. What is the number of degrees in the largest
angle?
(A) 72 (B) 96 (C) 120 (D) 144 (E) 150

7.
B
x

A w y C

70
D

In quadrilateral ABCD above, if x < 45, which of the following describes all the possible values and
only the values and only the values for w + y ?

(A) 115 < w + y < 360

(B) 115 < w + y < 290
(C) 185 < w + y < 360
(D) 245 < w + y < 290
(E) 245 < w + y < 360

8. The corresponding angles of parallelogram are (2x + 40)° and (x + 50)°. Find x.
(A)10 (B) 20 (C)30 (D)40 (E)50
9. In this diagram, ABCD is a parallelogram and BFDE is a square. If AB = 20 and CF = 16, what is the
perimeter of the parallelogram ABCD?

B F 16 C

20

A E D

(B) 72 (B) 78 (C) 86 (D) 92 (E) 96

10. Diagonals of parallelograms are 6 in and 8 in respectively. If the one side is 5 infind area of
parallelogram.
(A)48 (B) 30 (C)24 (D)40 (E)50

11. ABCD is a rhombus. If ADC is 65°,find measurement of DAB.

(A)65° (B) 115° (C) 145° (D) 150° (E) 155°

12. ABCD is a rhombus with each side 10 inches. If AC is 12 inches,find the area of the rhombus.

(A)120 (B) 192 (C) 96 (D) 160 (E) 80

13. Length of a rectangle is x inches. If the perimeter is p inches, what is the breadth (in inches) of the
rectangle?
p p − 2x
(A)p – x (B) p – 2x (C) (D) (E) 2 p − 2 x
2 2

14. ABCD is rectangle. Diagonals intersect at E. AD = 12, AB = 16, CE = ?

(A)8 (B) 10 (C)14 (D) 15 (E)20

15. The ratio of length and breadth of a rectangle field is 5 : 4. If the breadth is 20m less than the length,
the perimeter of the field is :
(A) 260m (B) 280m (C) 360m (D) 450m (E) 540m
16. A rectangle is cut in half, resulting in squares each of area 25. What is the perimeter of the original
rectangle?

(A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 30 (D) 40 (E) 50

17. ABCD is a rectangle, the diagonals AC and BD intersect E. Which of the following statements is not
necessarily true?
(A) AE = BE
(B) Angle AEB equals angle CED
(C) AE is perpendicular to BD
(D) Triangle AED and AEB are equal in area
(E) Angle BAC equals angle BDC
18.
A B

D C

In the figure above, ABCD is rectangle. If the area of  AEB is 8, what is the area of  ACD?

(A) 8 (B) 12 (C) 16 (D) 24 (E) 32

19. If the base of a rectangle is increased by 10% and the area is to be kept unchanged, then the
corresponding altitude must decrease by:
1 1
(A) 9 % (B) 10% (C) 11% (D) 11 % (E)15%
11 9

20. The length of a rectangle is increased by 50%. By what percent should the width be decreased to
maintain the same area?
1 2
(A) 33 % (B) 50% (C) 66 % (D) 150% (E) 200%
3 3

21. Find the area of shaded region in rectangle PQRS.

(A)2 (B) 3 (C)5 (D)6 (E)7

22. A picture in an art museum is 6 ft wide and 8 ft long. If its frame has a uniform width of 6 inches,
what is the ratio of the area of the frame to the area of the picture?
1
(A) 3 : 1 (B) 4 : 5 (C)5 : 4 (D)5 : 12 (E) 5 : 16
5
23. A

C B
In the figure above, the shaded region is a square of area 3, and triangle ABC is equilateral, what is
the perimeter of triangle ABC?
(A) 3 3 (B) 5 3 (C) 2 + 3 (D) 3 + 6 3 (E) 6 + 3 3

24. If the diagonal of a table with a square top is 6 feet, what is the area of the table top in ft2?
(A) 18 (B) 9 (C)18 (D) 18 2 (E)36

25. The floor of a company's storage room has an area of 20,000 ft 2. If the floor is in the shape of a
square, approximately how many feet long is each side?
(A)140 (B) 450 (C)500 (D)1000 (E)5000

26. The ratio of the area of a square to that of the square drawn on diagonal is:

(A)1 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 (C) 1 : 3 (D) 1 : 4 (E) 1 : 5

27. What is the ratio of the diagonal of a square to the hypotenuse of the isosceles right triangle having
the same area?
(A) 1:2 (B) 1: 2 (C) 1:1 (D) 2 :1 (E) 2:1

28.
A B

x
F

D C
In square ABCD above, if the measure of angle ADF is 36 degrees. What is the value of x ?
(A) 36 (B) 45 (C) 81 (D) 90 (E) 109
29. In the figure, square PQRS has side of length x + 4 and each ofthe four smaller squares has side of
length 2. If the area of the shaded region is 48,what is the value of x ?

(A) 1 (B) 4 (C) 4 2 (D) 8 (E)12

30. In the figure, each of the four squares has a side length of x. If PQR is formed by joining centers of
three of the squares, what is the perimeter of PQR in terms of x ?

x 2
(A) 2 x 2 (B) +x (C) 2 x + 2 (D) x 2 + 2 (E) 2 x + x 2
2

31. The figure is formed by two overlapping squares each having sides of 6 cm in length. If P & Q are
midpoints of intersecting sides, what is the area, in cm2, of the figure?

(A) 72 (B) 63 (C)60 (D)54 (E)45

32. ABCD is a square. If the midpoints of the four sides are joined to form a new square, the perimeter of
the old square is how many times the perimeter of the new square?
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 2 (D) 2 2 (E) 4
33. The figure shows a large square formed by fitting 3 L – shaped tiles and one small square tile
together. If a rectangle floor 10 ft × 12 ft is to be tiled in large squares of this type, how many L –
shaped tiles will be needed?

(A)810 (B) 405 (C)270 (D) 135 (E) 45

34. AD = 14, EF = 6, BC = ? AD || BC.

(A)8 (B) 12 (C)20 (D)26 (E)36

35. In the figure of trapezium ABCD, AB || DC, DC > AB. If area of triangle BDC is 16 ft 2, then which
of the following can be the area of triangle ABD in ft2 ?

(A)12 (B) 16 (C)18 (D)21 (E)23

Circles

1. Let P and Q be points which are 10 inches apart and let d be the diameter in inches of a circle which
passes through P and Q. Which of the following is the set of all possible values of d?
(A)0 <d (B) 0 < d ≤ 10 (C)d = 10 (D)d> 10 (E)d≥ 10

2. If the diameter of a circle is increased by 100%, its area is increased by:

(A)100% (B) 200% (C)300% (D)400% (E) 500%

3. If the circumference of a circle is increased by 50%, then its area will be increased by:
(A)50% (B) 100% (C) 125% (D)225% (E) 230%

4. If the area of a circle is 25π, then the diameter of the circle is

(A) 5 (B) 10 (C)20 (D)25 (E)50

5. If a square is inscribed in a circle with radius r, then the area of the square :
r2  r2
(A) (B) (C)  r 2 (D) r 2 (E) 2r 2
2 2
6. A circle is inscribed inside a square. If the square has side of length 100, then the perimeter of the
square is approximately how much greater than the circumference of the circle?
(A)9686 (B) 2150 (C) 243 (D)100 (E)86
7. This diagram depicts a rectangle inscribed in a circle. If the measurements of the rectangle are
10”  14”, what is the area of the circle in square inches?

(A) 74  (B) 92  (C) 144  (D) 196  (E) 296 

8.
B C

A y+4 D
In the figure above, two circles with the same area are inscribed in rectangle ABCD. If the area of the
rectangle is 32, what is the area of one of the circles?
(A) 4  (B) 5  (C) 6  (D) 8  (E) 10 

9.

A .O
B

If the area of the circle with center O above is 100  and AC has a length of 6, what is the length of
AB?
(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 10 (E) 20
10.
A B

.O

D C

Square ABCD is inscribed in the circle with center O. If the area of the square is 36, what is the area
of the circle?
(A) 6  (B) 12  (C) 18  (D) 27  (E) 36 

11. For the circle with center O, length of chord AB is 24 and length of OD is 5. Find the radius of the
circle.

(A)5 (B) 12 (C)13 (D)24 (E)26

12. If C is the center of the circle then x + y= ?

(A)45 (B) 65 (C)90 (D)100 (E) 130

13. The circle with center O has a radius of 1. What is the length of are AQB ?

  
(A) 2 (B) (C) (D) (E) π
3 12 6
14.
A

O . .B

In the figure above, the area of the circle with center O is 36  and the length of the arc ABC is 4  .
What is the length of chord AC?
(A) 3 (B) 9 (C) 12 (D) 3 3 (E) 6 3

15.
A

O .
B
If OA=AB=6 in the figure above, what is the area of the shaded region?
(A) 36  (B) 12  (C) 6  (D) 9 3 (E) 18

16. Find the area of the shaded region.

(A)4π – 32 (B) 4π – 64 (C)64π – 64 (D) 16π – 32 (E) 32π – 64

17. AB is a chord in circle with center O, as shown in figure. If OAB is 35°, then find measure of
ADB.

(A)35 (B) 70 (C)55 (D)100 (E)110

18. Find value of x + y. O is the center of the circle.

(A) 80 (B) 100 (C) 50 (D)40 (E)200

19. In the figure arc AMB, APO and OQB are semicircular arcs. If OA = 2, then find the area of shaded
region.

(A)π (B) 2π (C) 3π (D)4π (E) 5π

20. The diameter of semicircle with center O is 12 and the height of the triangle is 8. Find the perimeter
of the figure.

(A)32 + 12π (B) 30 + 10π (C) 20 + 6π (D) 32 + 10π (E)30 + 12π

21.

C B

In the figure above, if semicircles A and B each have area 4  , what is the area of semicircle C?
(A) 4  (B) 4  2 (C) 6  (D) 8  (E) 16
22. A circle is inscribed inside a right angle triangle ABC, as shown in figure. If BD = BE = 1 and
AC = 5, then find the perimeter of triangle ABC.

(A)7 (B) 10 (C)12 (D)9 (E)15

23.
A B

Each circle in the figure above has radius 7. If AB is tangent to both circles, which of the following is
22
the best estimate of the area of the shaded region?(Take  = )
7
(A) 21 (B) 41 (C) 49 (D) 60 (E) 77

24. O is the center of two circles and OX = XY = 1. Find the ratio of circumference of smaller circle to
circumference of larger circle.

(A)2 : 1 (B) 1 : 2 (C)1 : 3 (D)2 : 3 (E) 1 : 1

25. Each of the circles with centers P, Q and R touches the other two externally. PQ = 4, QR = 6, PR = 8.
Find the radius of each circle.
(A)1, 3, 5 (B) 2, 3, 5 (C) 1, 3, 6 (D) 2, 4, 5 (E) 1, 4, 5
26. An equilateral triangle is formed by joining centers of P, Q and R of the circles each with diameter 5.
Each pair of circles has exactly one point in common. Find the perimeter of the triangle.

(A)5 (B) 7.5 (C)10 (D)15 (E)25

27. The radius of a circle is 1 inch. If an equilateral triangle is inscribed in a circle what will the length of
one of the triangle’s sides?
2 3
(A) 1 inch (B) inches (C) 2 inches (D) inches (E) 3 inches
2 2

28. B C

.O

A D
In the figure above, circle O is inscribed in square ABCD. If the circumference of circle O is 4  ,
what is the area of the shaded region?
(A)  -2 (B) 4-  (C) 4+  (D) 16-4  (E) 16+4 

29. B

A C
.O
r
E D

In thr figure above, polygon ABCDF has equal sides and is inscribed in circle O. If O is the center of
the circle, what is the value of r?
(A) 36 (B) 54 (C) 72 (D) 108 (E) 154
 Solid Geometry

1. The figure is a rectangular solid with AB = 10, BC = 10 and CD = 3. What is the total surface area of
the figure?

(A)320 (B) 300 (C)220 (D)160 (E)23

2. A rectangular solid has a length of 2, width 7 and height 9. What is the volume of the solid?
(A) 63 (B) 126 (C) 77 (D)32 (E)81

3. In the rectangular solid, TU = 3, UV = 4 and VR = 2. What is the area of the shaded region?

(A)12 (B) 8 (C)6 (D)10 (E)15

4. Find the length of the largest rod that can be fit in a box of dimensions 6" × 3" × 2".
(A) 4.5" (B) 7.8" (C) 7" (D) 8" (E) 9"

5. The perimeter of one face of a cube is 40 cm. The volume of the cube (in cm3) is:
(A)1600 (B) 1000 (C) 800 (D) 160 (E)40

6. If each side of a cube is doubled then its volume:

(A)is doubled (B) becomes 4 times
(C)becomes 6 times (D)becomes 8 times
(E) becomes 9 times

7. If the total surface area of a cube is 24, what is the volume of the cube?
(A) 8 (B) 24 (C)64 (D) 48 6 (E) 216

8. Three cubes of iron whose edges are 6, 8 and 10 cm respectively are melted and formed into a single
cube. The surface area of the new cube formed is:
(A)480 (B) 512 (C) 864 (D) 1728 (E) 3824

9. What is the maximum numbers of cubes, each 3 cms on an edge, that can be packed into a rectangular
box with inside dimension of 6 × 12 × 15 cms?
(A)360 (B) 120 (C) 90 (D) 40 (E) 20
10. Each edge of the cube shown in figure has length 5. What is the perimeter of BDE?

5 3
(A)35 (B) 65 (C) (D) 15 2 (E) 25 + 5 2
2

11. In the cube, the ratio of distance from A to C to distance from A to B is :

(A) 2 : 3 (B)2 : 3 (C) 3 : 2 (D) 3 : 2 (E) 1 : 1

12. What is the radius of the right circular cylinder with volume 18π cubic units and height 2?
(A)3π (B) 3π (C) 3 3 (D)3 (E) 3

13. 748 cc of metal is used to make a metallic cylindrical pipe of length 14 cm and outer radius 9 cm.
Find its thickness in cm.
(A)1 (B) 2 (C)3 (D)1.5 (E) 4

14. A rectangular label is attached to a right circular cylinder with radius r. The label which encircles the
cylinder without overlap has width w and an area equal to the area of base of the cylinder. What is the
value of w in terms of r?

r r
(A) (B) (C)r (D) 2r (E) 3r
3 2

15. A cone is made by melting a cylinder keeping the radius same. Find the percentage increase in height.
(A) 75% (B) 100% (C)150% (D) 200% (E) 300%

16. Find the volume in cc of the largest circular cone that can be cut out of a cube of edge 10 cm.
1000 100 250
(A) (B) (C) 1000π (D) 250π (E)
3 3 3
17. Find volume of a sphere with radius 4.
256 64 128
(A) (B)  (C)  (D) 256π (E)64π
3 3 3

18. The volume of a sphere is numerically equal to its surface area. Find its diameter.
4 3
(A)6 (B) π (C)3 (D) (E)
 
19. A solid sphere of radius 4 is melted and cast into the shape of a solid cone of height r. Then the radius
of the cone is:
16
(A) 2r (B) 3r (C)4 (D)4r (E)
r

20. If a sphere is inscribed in a cube, then what fraction of volume of the cube is unoccupied?
    
(A) (B) 1 − (C) 1 − (D) (E) 1 −
6 6 3 3 8

Co-ordinate Geometry

1. In which quadrant does (–4, 3) lie?

(A)I (B) II (C)III (D)IV (E)Either I or II

2. Points (x, –3) and (–2, y), are in quadrants IV and II, respectively. If xy ≠ 0, in which quadrant is point
(x, y) ?
(A)I (B) II (C) III (D) IV
(E) Cannot be determined.

3. Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are A(2, 6), B(0, 0) and C(6, 0)
(A)18 (B) 10 (C) 6 (D)2
(E)Can't be determined

4. What is the area of quadrilateral ABCD whose vertices are A(1, 1), B(1, 7), C(11, 5), D(5, 1)?
(A)24 (B) 28 (C) 30 (D)38 (E)60

5. What is the distance from point A(3, 4) to point B(–3, –4)?

(A)0 (B) 5 (C)10 (D)13 (E)14

6. The distance between the points (2, –3) and (2, 2) is:
(A) 2 units (B) 3 units (C) 4 units (D)4.5 units (E)5 units

7. Point A(5, 7) lie on a circle with radius 5. Which of the following could be the co-ordinates of the
center?
(A)(2, 2) (B) (2, 4) (C) (2, 3) (D) (3, 2) (E) (3, 3)
8. In the figure, what is the perimeter of triangle OPQ?

(A) 4 + 2 2 (B) 8 + 4 2 (C) 6 + 2 5 (D) 6 + 6 2 (E) 6 2 + 2 10

9. QR is the arc of a circle that has center O. Find the value of PQ – SR.

(A) 34 − 5 (B) 2 34 − 8 (C) 2 34 (D)4 (E)2

10. Find the co-ordinates of the point M on the line segment PQ such that it is twice as far from P as from
Q.

(A) (1, 3) (B) (2, 3) (C) (2, 2) (D)(1.5, 0) (E) (2.5, 1.5)

11. A line segment is drawn from point (8, –2) to point (4, 6). The co-ordinates of the midpoint of the line
segment are:
(A) (12, 4) (B) (12, 8) (C)(6, 4) (D)(6, 2) (E) (6, –2)

12. A(–3, b) and B(1, b + 4) are two points and the co-ordinates of the mid point of AB are (–1, 1). The
value of b is :
(A)1 (B) 0 (C)–1 (D)–2 (E)–3

8
13. The equation of the line graphed on the rectangular co-ordinate system is y = x + 3 . Find its x and
9
yintercepts.
27 27 27
(A)–8, 9 (B) –3, (C)3, − (D)8, 9 (E)–8, −
8 8 8
14. For the line y = ax + b , where a and b are constants and ab ≠ 0, the x intercept is twice the y intercept.
Find a.
1 1
(A) (B) − (C)2 (D)–2 (E)0
2 2

15. What is the slope of a line passing through points (4, 3) and (3, 4)?
(A)–2 (B) –1 (C)0 (D)1 (E)2

16. If the points A(2, 3), B(5, k) and C(6, 7) are co-linear, the value of k is:
11
(A)4 (B) 5 (C) (D) 6 (E)6.5
2

17. The figure formed by the points P(0, 5), Q(–2, –2), R(5, 0) and S(7, 7) is a:
(A)Parallelogram (B) Rectangle
(C) Square (D) Rhombus (E) Trapezium

18. Which of the following is the equation of line parallel to x + 3 y − 6 = 0 ?

(A) 3x + y − 6 = 0 (B) 3x + y + 6 = 0
(C) x + 3 y − 16 = 0 (D) x − 3 y + 16 = 0
(E) 3x − y + 6 = 0

19. Find the equation of a line perpendicular to 7x –9y + 11 = 0.

(A) 7 x − 9 y − 11 = 0 (B) 9 x − 7 y − 11 = 0
(C) 9 x + 7 y + 20 = 0 (D) 9 x − 7 y + 20 = 0
(E) 7 x − 9 y + 20 = 0

20. What is the equation of the line that contains the points (2, –7) and (6, –1)?
2 2 25 3 3
(A) y = − x + 3 (B) y = x − (C) y = x − 5 (D) y = x + 10 (E) y = x − 10
3 3 3 2 2

21. Find the equation of a line equation of a line passing through (–2, 4) and parallel to line
2 x + 3 y − 14 = 0
(A) 2 x + 3 y + 8 = 0 (B) 3x + 2 y + 8 = 0
(C) 2 x + 3 y − 8 = 0 (D) 2 x − 3 y − 14 = 0
(E) 3x − 2 y + 14 = 0
22. In the rectangular co-ordinate system, shown in figure, if x = 4.8, then y= ?

(A) 3.0 (B) 3.2 (C)3.4 (D)3.6 (E)3.8