Ch17-3 The Process of Speciation Study WB B 2

Name Class Date
17.3 The Process of Speciation

Lesson Objectives
Identify the types of isolation that lead to the formation of new species.
Describe the current hypothesis about Galápagos finch speciation.
BUILD Vocabulary
A. The chart below shows key terms from the lesson with their definitions. Complete the chart by
writing a strategy to help you remember the meaning of each term. One has been done for you.
Term Definition How I’m Going to Remember the

Meaning
Behavioral When two populations have It’s just like it sounds—different

isolation different behaviors that keep them behaviors keep groups isolated, or
from reproducing apart.
Geographic When two populations are

isolation separated by geographic features,
such as rivers or mountains, that
keep them from reproducing
Reproductive Separation of populations so that

isolation they cannot reproduce
Species A population or group of populations

whose members can interbreed and
produce fertile offspring
Speciation The forming of a new species
Temporal When two populations reproduce at

isolation different times, so that they cannot
reproduce together
B. As you work through this lesson, you may find these terms in the activities. When you need to
write a key term or a definition, highlight the term or the definition.
259
Name Class Date
BUILD Understanding
Compare/Contrast Table Use a compare/contrast table when you want to see the
similarities and differences between two or more processes.
As you read about the different types of reproductive isolation, fill in the table below.
What Leads to Reproductive Isolation
Type of Isolation Description

Behavioral
Geographic
Temporal
Populations Become Isolated

Speciation occurs when a new species evolves. Many things contribute to speciation.
Read the chart below. Then, use phrases in the word box to identify each process that leads
to speciation. The first row has been completed for you.
changes in the gene pool geographic isolation founders arrive

competition behavioral isolation
Process How It Leads to Speciation

founders arrive A population arrives in a new place.
Populations are separated by a geographic barrier and do not share a gene
pool.
Populations evolve new traits in response to natural selection in their
environments.
Species evolve in a way that reduces competition between them.
Groups within a population are separated by different courtship rituals.
Answer the questions.

1. Finches prefer to find mates with the same size beaks. Finches in Group A have larger beaks
than those in Group B, so finches from the two groups will not mate. What is this an example
of?________________________________________________________________________
2. Do populations that are geographically isolated from one another share a gene pool? Why or
why not?___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
260
Name Class Date
Speciation in Darwin’s Finches
Charles Darwin proposed that the different species of finches on the Galapagos Islands once had a
common ancestor. Over time, he said, natural selection led to each species of finch. A current
hypothesis says that speciation in the Galapagos finches occurred through the founding of a new
population, geographic isolation, changes in the new population’s gene pool, behavioral isolation,
and ecological competition.
Use the phrases in the box to complete the chart.
insects that live inside dead wood small seeds large, thick-shelled
seeds
Galápagos Islands Finches
Shape of head
and beak
Main food fruits
Feeding parrotlike uses cactus pointed large

adaptation beak spines crushing beak crushing beak
Habitat trees trees ground ground
Answer the questions.

1. How does the large crushing beak help the fourth finch survive?
2. Circle the finch that would be least likely to survive if the insect population decreased.
3. Both the first and second finch live in trees. Suppose one season there is less fruit in the trees.
Which finch is more likely to survive and reproduce?
A. the first finch
B. the second finch
261

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Name Class Date

17.3 The Process of Speciation

Term Definition How I’m Going to Remember the

Behavioral When two populations have It’s just like it sounds—different

Geographic When two populations are

Reproductive Separation of populations so that

Species A population or group of populations

Speciation The forming of a new species

Temporal When two populations reproduce at

What Leads to Reproductive Isolation

Type of Isolation Description

Populations Become Isolated

changes in the gene pool geographic isolation founders arrive

Process How It Leads to Speciation

Groups within a population are separated by different courtship rituals.

Answer the questions.

Galápagos Islands Finches

Main food fruits

Feeding parrotlike uses cactus pointed large

Habitat trees trees ground ground

Answer the questions.

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