TRANSITIONS

A-2

A-2

A Communicative Course
in International English
“Success is not an accident, it is hard work, perseverance,
learning, studying,sacrifice and most of all,
love of what you are doing or studying”.
Pele
A Communicative Course
in International English

TRANSITIONS 4
LEARNING TIPS
In Class · Look at the example and use the prompts
How to learn be er in class given.
· Look at the board and take notes. · Use the language you have learned.
· Listen carefully to your teacher and the CD. · Speak only in English.
· Ask your teacher when you don't
understand. Read
· Speak in English as much as possible. How to do be er when doing reading ac vi es
· Par cipate in pair work and group work · Before reading, try to predict what the text
tasks. is about by looking at the pictures.
· Look for key words in the text.
Outside the class · Read the text quickly to understand the
How to learn be er outside the class main idea.
· Read the dialogues and texts from your · Read the text carefully to understand the
book. specific details.
· Study the vocabulary and grammar; · Use a dic onary to find out what unknown
Then, do your homework. words in the text mean.
· Listen to songs in English.
· Watch TV programs or see movies in Listen
English. How to do be er when doing listening ac vi es
· Before the listening ac vity, look at the
Vocabulary pictures and read the ques ons.
How to learn vocabulary be er · Before a listening ac vity, try to predict
· Write down new words in a notebook with what the speakers are going to say.
its transla on / example / a picture. · While listening, try to understand the
· Learn whole phrases, not just isolated general idea, not every single word.
words. · While listening, listen carefully before you
· Learn new words in context. answer.
· When you learn new words, remember if
they are verbs, nouns, adjec ves, etc. Write
Refer to the vocabulary building. How to do be er when doing wri ng ac vi es
· Prac ce the spelling and pronuncia on · Make sure you understand what you are
of new words. asked to write.
· Try to use words you have recently learned · Plan your wri ng and make notes before
when you speak or write.
you write.
· Join your wri ng ideas with and, but, or
Grammar
and because.
How to learn grammar be er
· When wri ng a formal/informal
le er/email,
· Refer to the Grammar builder.
start and finish in an appropriate way.
· Have a grammar notebook to write ps,
· When you narrate events, write the events
rules, example sentences, important
in chronological order.
gramma cal points, etc.
· A er you finish, check punctua on, capital
· Prac ce and remember the sentences
le ers, word order, spelling, linking words,
structure.
vocabulary and grammar in your wri ng.
Speak
How to do be er when doing speaking ac vi es
· Before you speak, make sure you
understand the task.
 CONTENTS

1A Warm up - Vocabulary: Computers and communication p. 6

Unit 1
The future 1B Grammar: Will and Won’t for predictions p. 7
of
technology 1C Communication: Listening - Technology verbs p. 8

Unit 2 2 A Warm up - Vocabulary: Fears p. 9

What are you
afraid of?
ice-cream 2 B Grammar: -ed and -ing adjectives p. 10

2 C Useful language: Expressing disbelief p. 11

Refresh your REVISION UNITS 1 - 2 p. 12

memory

Unit 3 3 A Warm up - Listening: If you get a high-paying job p. 13

Consequences
be 3 B Grammar: First conditional sentences p. 14

3 C Communication: Consequences p. 15

Unit 4 4 A Warm up: Reading: Three types of tours p. 16

Touring
4 B Grammar: Gerunds p. 17

4 C Communication: Travel partners (survey) p. 18

Refresh your
memory REVISION UNITS 3 - 4 p. 19

Reading to Writing Task

write p. 21 - 22

Workbook p. 27- 38

Phrasal verbs
Unit 1 The future of technology
1A Warm up GOAL: Discussing technology.
Making predictions about the future.

Vocabulary: Computers and communication

A. Match the words (a - h) with the correct pictures.
a. keyboard d. a printer g. Wi-Fi
b. a flash drive e. a tablet h. a bluetooth speaker
c. a mouse f. a touch screen

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6. 7. 8.

B. Listen, check and repeat. 1.1

C. Circle the correct words.

1. You can save your work in a flash drive / touch screen.
2. You use Wi-Fi / a printer to go on internet.
3. You use a mouse / keyboard to type an email.
4. You can listen to music in a touch screen / bluetooh speaker.
5. You can carry a tablet / smartphone easily in one hand.

D. Speaking: A computer quiz.

Use information from exercise “A” to give information about you.
Something I use:
______________________ - at home ______________________
- at school
- to do homework ______________________ - to play games ______________________

6 Wb.27
 1B Grammar

Will and won’t for predictions.

Use will and won’t to predict future events.

A. Complete the chart. Use: will or won’t

Wh- questions Affirmative answers Negative answers

What will my smartphone do in the future? Perhaps it’ll think like a human. It _______ drive a car.
How ____ computers change? They______ be smaller. They won’t be bigger.

Yes/No questions Short answers

_____ my smartphone think like a human? Yes, it will. No, it ________.
Will computers change? Yes, they _____. No, they won’t.

Contractions: I will = I’ll you will = you’ll he will = he’ll she will = she’ll it will = it’ll we will = we’ll etc.

B. In 1900 a man made these predictions. Complete them with will or won’t
and the correct verbs.

buy - eat - not be - not cook - not live - not wait - talk
1. Animals _______________ in the wild.
2. People ________________ on wireless phones.
3. We _____________ all of our own meals. We ____________ them in stores.
4. The letters C, X, and Q, _____________ in the alphabet.
5. We _____________ until summer to eat vegetables. We ____________ them in winter.

C. Work with a partner. Which predictions in exercise “B” are true now?
E. Where do you think you will be at these times?
Write sentences about yourself.
Use: I'll be… or I'll probably be …
definitely pro maybe or I don't know where I'll be.
certainly perhaps E.g. (next Sunday evening at 6:45)

D. Write sentences about the future with will or won’t. I'll be at Macdonald's
How sure are you? Use adverbs of possibility. or I'll probably be at Macdonald's

1. we / have / Wi-Fi connections / in our clothes I don't know where I'll be.
We’ll probably have Wi-Fi connections in our clothes.
____________________________________________
2. cars / not need / human drivers. 1. ( this time next year)
____________________________________________ _____________________________________
3. people / live / to be / 120 years old 2. ( next Friday afternoon at 3:oo o'clock)
____________________________________________ _____________________________________
4. we / not use / pens and pencils 3. (at 6:30 tomorrow evening)
____________________________________________ _____________________________________
4. ( at 10:40 am tomorrow morning)
_____________________________________

Wb.28 7
 1C Communication

A. Listen to Carol and Michael talk about a video game. Who wants to
work with computers in the future?

B. Listen again. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)? 1.2

1. Michael has a new game console. _______________

2. There aren’t any boy characters in Cyber Chase. _______________
3. Carol and Michael play Ocean World. _______________
4. Carol wants a game console for her birthday. _______________
5. Michael thinks Carol should get a Ztron 2100. _______________
6. Michael is taking a computer class. _______________

C. Complete the sentences. Use the technology verbs. Then, listen and check your answers. 1.3

1. To see the botton of the web page, ____________ . To go back to the top, _______________.
2. _________ on the item you want.
3. To see more of the city on the map, __________. To look at your street, _________________.
4. You can _________ your web page from any computer. Don’t forget to ________ when you
finish.
5. Do you ________ the computer with the power button?
6. __________ the computer with the power button.
7. I ___________ my files everyday.

8 Wb.29
Unit 2 What are you afraid of?
2A Warm up GOAL: Talking about fears. -ed / -ing adjective endings.

Vocabulary: Fears
A. Match the photos (a - h) with the words.

C
1. _______ flying
2. _______ heights
3. _______ the dark
a b
4. _______ elevators
5. _______ insects
6. _______ birds
7. _______ clowns
c d 8. _______ snakes

e f g h

B. Listen, check and repeat. 2.1

C. Match the comments about fears to the words in exercise “A”.

1. I’m worried they probably fly in through an open window and scratch me!”
_______________
2. “I can’t look out of the windows of tall buildings. I get dizzy and have to sit down!”
_______________
3. ”They are supposed to be funny, but their faces are really scary!”
_______________
4. “I always take the stairs.”
_______________
5. “I sleep with a light on every night.”
_______________
6. “I prefer to travel by bus or car than by plane.”
_______________
7. “I hate it when one flies in to my face! I don’t care how small it is, I always jump.”
_______________
8. “I’m terrified when I’m out in the woods. I carry a stick and watch the grass for them.”
_______________

Wb.30 9
 2B Grammar

-ed and -ing adjectives

I was terrified. The ride was terrify ing.

Use -ed adjective endings to say how you Use -ing adjective endings to talk about
feel. something or someone that causes that
feeling.

A. Circle the correct adjectives. Then, listen and check your answers. 2.2

1. The movie we saw last night was terrified / terrifying.

2. Yesterday, we looked at physics of roller coaster in class. It was very interested /
interesting.
3. I was completely surprised / surprising when I got the present you sent me.
4. We went on a 20-kilometer walk in the country last weekend. It was exhausted /
exhausting.
5. I’m confusing / confused. Do we have a test tomorrow or not?
6. My brother felt down in the cafeteria yesterday. Everyone saw him, and he felt really
embarrassed / embarrassing.
7. After a three-week vacation at the beach, I felt really relaxing / relaxed.
8. Some reality shows on TV are really disgusted / disgusting.

B. Write true sentences about your feelings using the cues below.

interested in embarrased by terrified of

1. __________________________________________________________________
2. __________________________________________________________________
3. __________________________________________________________________
4. __________________________________________________________________

10 Wb.31
 2C Communication
What are you afraid of?
A. Listen to Helen and Bob talking about their friend Mike. Complete the conversation. 2.3
USEFUL LANGUAGE: Expressing disbelief

I don’t believe it! That’s impossible! No way! Are you serious? Come on!

Helen: Is Mike going to come sailing with us tomorrow?

Bob: ________________ He’s terrified of deep water.
Helen: What? ________________ He’s a really good swimmer!
Bob: I know he’s a great swimmer. He’s competing in the 50-meter freestyle at the pool next week.
But he’s scared of going out in open water. I think it’s because you can’t see down the botton.
Helen: _________________ I didn’t think Mike was scared of anything.
Bob: Well, he’s afraid of the ocean. It’s actually a really common phobia.
Helen: ____________ I’ve never heard of it.
Bob: Mike told me himself.
Helen: ____________________ I’m going to call Mike and ask him. Expressing disbelief
-It can't be true.
B. Complete the conversation with some expressions of disbelief.
-I don't trust you.
Ryan: I'm never going to have babies. -I can't think of it.
Richard: ____________________ why? -You're kidding?
Ryan: I'm not a patient man.
Richard: ____________________________. You are always with children playing all weekends.
Ryan: Yes, but It's part of my job. They're really spoiled.
Richard: ______________________________. I think you're stressed. Relax! some day you
are going to fall in love and have babies.

C. In pairs. Talk about these situations: Use expressions of disbelief.

a) Your best friend tells you that he goes on a bus and Bruno Mars is the driver. What do you say?
b) Your brother gets married and he notices that the singer Adam Levine (Maroon Five band) is the priest.
What do you say?
c) You heard your classmate Richard failed the test, but he’s really smart. Talk to your partner about the
situation.

Wb.32 11
A. Answer the questions. Using will or won’t to predict the future. Use adverbs of possibility.

1. How will transportation be in the future?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. How will education be in the future?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. Will people live in other planets in the future?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
4. Will the weather change dramatically in the future?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
5. Will maids be replaced by robots in the future?
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________

B. Underline the correct alternative.

1. My grandmother likes watching soap operas but I think they are bored / boring.
2. I feel terrified / terrifying when I see a rat.
3. Children like riding a roller coaster because is really excited / exciting.
4. Books about science are my favorite because they are interested / interesting.
5. I can’t go to the beach today because I am sick. I am disappointed / disappointing.

C. Circle the correct preposition.

1. Anna has been really scared ______ bees since she was 6 years old.
a) by b) over c) of d) to
2. My best friend didn’t like to admit that she was embarrased ________ her daugther.
a) about b) by c) of d) on
3. Paul din’t go to the stadium because he was not interested ________ sports.
a) by b) of c) in d) on
4. People were disgusted _______ the maltreatment of animals in captivity.
a) on b) at c) of d) by

D. Make sentences. Use the adjectives in the box.

amazing - bored - embarrased - surprising - exhausted

1. _____________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________

12
Unit 3 Consequences
3A Warm up GOAL: First conditional sentences.

A. Listen to some possible consequences of getting a high-paying job. 3.1

Check ( ) the statements you agree with.

If you get a high-paying job...

______ you’ll have more cash to spend.

______ you’ll be able to buy anything you want.
______ you’ll be able to travel first class.
______ you might have to pay high taxes.
______ you’ll be able to donate more charities.
______ more people may want to be your friend.
______ you may get your own office.
______ you won’t have as much stress in your life.
______ you will be in danger.
______ people will ask you for a loan.
______ you’ll have a lot of more free time.

B. Look at the statements again. Which are advantages of getting a high-paying job?
Which are disadvantages?
“ The first one is an advantage. Everybody wants to have more money!”
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

C. Pair work. Discuss the following questions.

a) Do you think it is more important to make a lot of money or to enjoy your job?
b) What do you like most about your job?
c) What will happen if you earn a lot of money?

Wb.33 13
 3B Grammar

Conditional sentences with if clauses

Possible situation (present) Consequence (future with will, may or might)
If you get a high paying job, you’ll have more cash to spend.
If you have more cash to spend, you’ll be able to buy anything you want.
If you can buy anything you want, you won’t save your money.
If you don’t save your money, you’ll may need another job.

A. Match the if clauses in column A with the appropriate consequences from column B.
A B
1. If you eat less sugar, ______ a. you’ll be able to experience a new culture.
2. If you walk to work everyday, ______ b. you might feel a lot healthier.
3. If you don’t get enough sleep, ______ c. you’ll stay in shape without going to a gym.
4. If you change jobs, ______ d. you’ll have more money to spend on yourself.
5. If you don’t get married, ______ e. you won’t be able to stay awake in class.
6. If you travel abroad, ______ f. you may not like it better than your old one.

B. Add your own consequences to the if clauses. Then, compare with a partner.

1. If you eat less sugar, ________________________________________________________

2. If you walk to work everyday, __________________________________________________
3. If you don’t get enough sleep, _________________________________________________
4. If you change jobs, __________________________________________________________
5. If you don’t get married, ______________________________________________________
6. If you travel abroad, __________________________________________________________

What will happen if...?

Answer the following questions.

1. A: What will happen if I don’t get a job?

B: _________________________________________
You probaly won’t have money to pay your college expenses.

2. A: What will happen if I stop exercising?

B: __________________________________________________.
3. A: What will happen if I get a better job?
B: __________________________________________________.
4. A: What will happen if I get married?
B: __________________________________________________.

14 Wb.34
 3C Communication

Consequences
A. Can you find two consequences for each possible situation?
Complete the chart with information from the list. Share it with your partner.

Possible situation
1. fall in love
2. get a part time job
3. join a gym
4. move to a foreing country
5. study very hard

Consequences

1 If I fall in love, I’ll get married.

B. Talk to your partner about the information below.

If I get a better If my sister goes to If Richard eats a lot Patty will get a
job, I’ll… the gym, She... of junk food, he scholarship if…

Peter will take a If the movie is good, My sister will be If Claudia is

vacation if … I’ll… happy if … embarrassed, she…

Wb.35 15
Unit 4 Touring
4A Warm up GOAL: Describing the function of a gerund in a sentence.

Three types of tours

A. Read the ads for three tours. Which tour is best for someone who likes volunteering?
Someone who likes eating? Someone who dislikes planning?

Cuisine Adventures Trying local food is a great way to learn

about a culture. Peruvian food is without
a doubt one of the most privileges cuisines
in the world. Trying an authentic “Lomo
saltado” at a more reasonable price in the
same place where the locals eat it. It’s one of
the best eating experiences you’ll ever have.
Call today if you are interested in joining
our “Eat and learn” tour.

Environmental Experiences
Are you concerned about protecting the
environment?
Volunteering is a rewarding way to spend
a vacation.
Choose from over twenty tours.

No Worries Tours
Do you enjoy traveling by bus, but dislike
planning the details?
We specialize in organizing tours with no
stress.
Call us now! And forget about your worries.

B. What about you? Which tour interests you? Why?

16 Wb.36
 4B Grammar

Gerunds
A gerund is an -ing word that acts like a noun. Gerunds may be the subject of a sentence, or
they may appear after some verbs or prepositions.

As subjects: Trying local food is a good way to learn about a culture.

Volunteering is a rewarding way to spend a vacation.

After certain verbs: like, love, hate, enjoy, prefer, continue, stop, finish, start, keep, avoid, begin,
imagine, practice, suggest, risk, spend (time), dislike.
I enjoy traveling by bus.
I dislike planning the trip details.

After prepositions: I’m interested in joining the “Eat and learn” tour.
I’m concerned about protecting the environment.

A. Complete the conversations with the gerund B. Complete the sentences for each
forms of the verbs. Then, compare with a partner. situation using -ing.

Can you play soccer?

Yes, I love it.

Anna enjoys playing soccer.

be (2x) - buy - go - help - lose - meet - travel - try - volunteer
1. What do you Let’s go to
want to do? the zoo.
traveling alone or in a group?
1. A: Do you enjoy __________
B: I prefer __________in a large group. It’s more fun.

2. A: Are you interested in_______________ handicrafts She suggests ____________ to the zoo.
when you travel?
B: Not really. I like _________ to markets, but just to look. 2. Do you like fish? No, I like chicken.

3. A: _______________ local food is the best way to learn

about culture. Don’t you agree?
B: I’m not really sure. ______________ local people is
also good. He hates _____________ fish.

4. A: Are you worried about _____________ sick when you 3. Didhomework?

you finish your
Sorry, Not yet.
travel abroad?
B: Not really. I’m more concerned about _____________
my passport!

5. A: Do you think ___________ on vacation would be fun? Pablo didn’t finish _________ his homework.
B: I do. _____________ other people is a great thing to do.

Wb.37 17
4C Communication

Travel partners
A. Add three questions about travel preferences to the chart. Then, check ( ) your answers.

When you travel... Me My friend

Yes No Yes No

1. do you like being in a large group?

2. are you interested in meeting new people?

3. is saving money important to you?

4. do you like trying new food?

5. is asking directions embarrasing to you?

6. do you like knowing your schedule in advance?

7. is camping more fun than staying in hotels?

8. do you enjoy shopping for souveniers?

9. do you like big cities?

10. do you like going to clubs?

11. is seeing everything possible important to you?

12. do you like going to museums?

13.

14.

15.

B. Interview your partner. Complete the chart with his or her answers.

C. Compare your answers. Would you make good travel partners? Why? Why not?

18 Wb.38
A. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs provided.

1. We __________________ (not - play) tennis tomorrow if it _________ (rain).

2. If you _______________ (not - speak) louder, no one __________ hear you.
3. If they _______________(practice) a lot, they __________ (win) the game.
4. If she _____________ (go) to the party, she _________ (take) a present.
5. I ____________ (take) my umbrella if it ________ (rain) tomorrow.
6. If we _______ (go) out tonight, we ______ (lock) the door.
7. She ________ (marry) him if he ________ (ask) her.
8. I _________ (make) a sandwich if I ______(be) hungry.
9. If he __________ (go) to bed late, he _______ (sleep) in.
10. You __________ (not - pass) the test if you ________ (not - study) harder.

B. Complete the following sentences with your own information.

1. If I win the lottery, ______________________________________________

2. He will go to France if ____________________________________________
3. If Mary passes the exam, _________________________________________
4. My mother will cook my favorite food if ______________________________
5. If I don’t do my homework, _______________________________________

C. Complete these sentences using the correct form of these verbs.

worry - watch - try - stay - make - play - get up

1. I’m not very good at ____________ early in the morning.

2. He dreams of ______________soccer for Manchester United.
3. I can’t help _______________ about my exams.
4. Try to avoid ______________ him angry.
5. I’m going to keep _________ until I succeed.
6. I don’t want to go out tonight. I feel like ________ in and __________TV.

19
 WRITING

SKILLS

20
WRITING SKILLS

An opinion paragraph
How do you think people will listen to music in the future?

In my opinion, people will listen to music

from computer chips in their clothing.
One reason is that it will be an easy way
to listen to music.
People won’t need to carry Mp3 players
or even smartphones for music.
Small computer chips will be in watches,
sunglasses, hats, jackets and shirts.
Another reason is that some of this
technology exists already. For example,
you can buy smartwatches that play
music. If this trend continues, it will be
popular in the future. In conclusion, I
think people will listen to music in their
clothing and it will be great!
Focus on content
In an opinion paragraph, include:

- an introduction to the topic and your To give reasons:

opinion.
- reasons for your opinion. - One reason is (that)
- facts and examples to support your - Another reason is (that)
reasons.
- a conclusion with your opinion.

Useful language To conclude:

To give opinions:
- In conclusion,
- For these reasons,
- In my opinion, I...
- I believe (that)
- I think (that)

21
 Choose any topic about the future and write.

22
Phrasal
Verbs

23
 Phrasal Verbs
AFTER

WITH GO ON

WITHOUT
A. Make a sentence with each phrasal
verb.
Go with: match
1. _____________________________________
Go without: do without
2. _____________________________________

Go after: pursue 3. _____________________________________

Go on: continue 4. _____________________________________

B. Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verb.

on
1. Everything is fine. Go ______________, please.
2. He managed to ______________food for days.
3. This skirt ________________ your top perfectly. You look great!
4. The dog _____________ the cat yesterday afternoon.

24
Workbook
TRANSITIONS 4
“Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself”.
John Dewey
Unit 1 The future of technology
1A Warm up
A. Find the words from the list in the word search.

cd-rom printer mouse laptop wi-fi

memory smartphone monitor CPU sound card
keyboard webcam software hard disk modem
operating system hardware program speaker tablet

C V L B C W O M W O T I E M M K B X A F
T S V U T M O D E M Z T K O E W W Q E W
Q O S B J Y H C D R O M X U M K I S E E
G U X G I U N R W I F I J S O Y O P T B
M N S M A R T P H O N E K E R K G D I C
O D T K P T A B L E T P N O Y W V T P A
N C K G L A M G W U H U H I J T J O R M
I A Q J I N K H H R H A R D D I S K O A
T R Q O P E R A T I N G S Y S T E M G Y
O D X F L M D F Q K H L S O F T W A R E
R I K J A G W A U P R I N T E R K P A V
Z H U X P Q Q S P E A K E R U Y Z S M O
C J H C T S Z L X R C D P M K J W H K G
K E Y B O A R D S J L T Z S O H V W B W
Y F A C P U F Q H Y L H A R D W A R E E
H C Q T F R C E W J K F E J Z B Z E A X

B. Choose the right meaning from the box. One is extra.

mouse tablet flash drive WIFI CPU keyboard

1. The ___________ is the part of a computer that controls and handle instructions or
operations.
2. A set of keys on your computer you use in order to type information is a ___________.
3. A _______ ___________ is a small device that you connect to a computer
and store information.
4. A ____________ small device that it is moved by hand across a surface to move
the cursor on your computer screen.
5. ___________ is a system of wireless communication used for connecting electronic
equipment to the internet such as laptops, cellphones and so on.

27
 1B Grammar

A. Rewrite the underline phrases as contractions. 3. our / robots / houses / certainly/

will / clean
1. Computers will be smarter in the future. ___________________________
They’ll be smarter in the future. 4. have/ our / them / clothes / will/
touch screens / maybe / in
2. This tablet will get smaller in the future.
___________________________
____________________________________ 5. company / will / I / for /work / a
3. My family wiil not use a mouse in the future. software / definitely
____________________________________ ___________________________
4. You will not cook your own meals.
____________________________________
D. Answer the questions. Using will or
5. He will use his smartphone to buy everything. won’t to predict the future. Use
____________________________________ adverbs of possibility.

B. Complete the chart using the adverbs of 1. What will cars do in the future?
possibility. _________________________
_________________________
certainly perhaps definitely 2. How will we use robots in the
future?
maybe probably
_________________________
_________________________
3. Will bikes fly in the future?
_________________________
____________________
Sure _________________________
____________________
4. Will we have cameras in our
jewelry in the future?
____________________ _________________________
____________________ _________________________
Pretty sure
5. How will you be different in the
future?
_________________________
____________________ _________________________
Not as sure ____________________

C. Put the words in the correct order to make

sentences.
1. will / planes / fly / robots / probably
_____________________________________
2. future / use / we / perhaps / won’t / in / the
paper
_____________________________________

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1C Communication

A. Complete the technology verbs. down (2x) in (2x) on (2x)

out (2x) up (2x)

1. turn ________
2. click ________
3. back ________
4. scroll ________
5. scroll ________
6. zoom ________
7. zoom ________
8. sign ________
9. sign ________
10. shut ________

B. Circle the correct technology verbs.

1. Can you zoom in / sign out so we can see it better?
2. Did you turn on / back up your homework on the flash drive?
3. Don’t forget the password or you won’t be able to sign in / zoom out.
4. Back up / click on this link to read the blog.
5. Shut down / scroll up to look at the picture again.
6. How often do you scroll up / back up your files?
7. If you zoom in / sign into you can see my house on the map.
8. Will you please turn on / shut down my computer when you’re done with it?
9. Click on / zoom out that link to see the photos I posted.
10. Sing out / Sign in with your password.

C. Write sentences using technology verbs and your own information.

1. my email
I never sign out of my email.
2. my school’s website
__________________________________________________________
3. my computer
__________________________________________________________

D. Ask and answer the following questions.

1. What kind of information do you back up? Why?
2. How often do you back up your files?
3. Do you think it is a good idea that children can sign in using Facebook? Why?
4. Do you usually shut down your computer when you finish using it?
5. Have you ever forgotten to sign out before turning your laptop off? What happened?

29
Unit 2 What are you afraid of?

2A Warm up
Circle the correct words in the quiz. Then, check ( ) the answers that are true for you.
Add your points.

How fearful are you?

always sometimes never
3 points 2 points 1 point

I take the stairs because I hate riding in

1 elevators / the dark.

I don’t like hiking because snakes / flying

2 scared me.

I don’t go to the circus because I’m afraid

3 of insects / clowns.

I can’t walk on high bridges because I’m

4 afraid of heights / clowns.

I sleep with a nightlight because I’m afraid

5 of heights / the dark.

Snakes / Birds scare me when they fly

6 over my head.

I’m afraid of elevators / flying. I hate

7 planes!

I don’t like to sit on the ground because

8 I’m afraid of insects / birds.

My points: _________________
17 - 24 points: You are afraid of a lot of things. It can stop you of doing things.
9 - 16 points: You have some fears, but you can probably overcome them.
8 - points: You aren’t afraid of anything!

30
 2B Grammar

1. Complete the chart. 3. Complete the sentences with the -ed

or -ing adjective of the words in
-ed -ing parentheses.
1. Kelly is ________ (disgust) by insects.
1 embarrased
2. Henry was _________ (exhaust) after he walked

2 confusing up eight flights of stairs.

3. Mike thinks his parents are _________________
3 interested (ambarrass) when they yell at the soccer games.
4. My little sister is _____________ (terrify) of
4 surprising
sleeping in the dark.

5 exhausted 5. It was ___________ (surprise) to find out that Fred

moved to Miami.
6 terrifying 6. Our homework assignment was ______________
(confused) No one understood the instructions.
7 disgusted
7. I’m not very __________________ (interest) in
8 relaxed science, but I love math.
8. Some people are afraid of flying, but I think

2. Complete the sentences with some of the it’s ______________ (relax).

words from exercise 1. Then, check ( ) if
the sentences are true for you.
4. Make sentences using -ed / -ing adjectives.
Yes No

I always feel ___________at the 1. _______________________________________

beach. The sound of the ocean
makes me feel calm.
2. _______________________________________
Exercising is ___________
I’m always tired after I work out. 3. _______________________________________

Yuck! I think snakes are 4. _______________________________________

_________________________

5. _______________________________________
I was __________ about my last
test scores. I didn’t do very well.
6. _______________________________________
I think clowns are ___________.
They really scare me. 7. _______________________________________

I’m never ___________ in class. 8. _______________________________________

I always understand everything!

31
2C Communication

Disbelief

Complete the phrases in the conversation.

Gael: Hi, Kate. My friends and I are hiking up Cotopaxi this weekend.
Kate: N_ __________! That’s cool.
Gael: Do you want to come?
Kate: Sure. I’d love to! Can I invite Carol?
Gael: Well, I don’t know if she’d want to come. Cotopaxi is snowy once you get up high.
Kate: So?
Gael: Well, Carol is afraid of snow.
Kate: That’s _________________! No one is afraid of snow.
Gael: It’s true. There’s even a name for it-chinofobia.
Kate: Chinofobia? Are _____________________?
Gael: Yes, I am. It’s a real thing, and Carol has it.
Kate: I don’t _____________________!
Gael: It’s true. We were looking at this picture of snow one time, and she got really nervous.
Kate: Come ____! She got nervous just looking at snow?
Gael: Yes, she did.
Kate: I’m going to call her and ask her about it!

32
Unit 3 Consequences
3A Warm up
A. Complete the sentences with the first conditional.

1. If Michael _________ (go) to bed late, he _________________ (sleep in).

2. If he _____________ (sleep in), he _________________ (miss) the bus.
3. If he _____________ (miss) the bus, he ______________ (be) late for work.
4. If he _____________ (be) late for work, his boss _____________ (be) angry.
5. If Michael’s boss _____________ (be) angry, he ______________ (fire) him.
6. If Michael ___________ (lose) his job, his girlfriend ____________ (get) upset
with him.
7. If Michael’s girlfriend ________ (get) upset again, she ____________ (break up)
with him.
8. If she ____________ (break up) with him, he ___________ (be) lonely.
9. If Michael ____________ (feel) lonely, he _____________ (call) some friends.
10. If Michael ___________ (call) his friends, they ____________ (ask) him to go
to their party.
11. If Michael ___________ (go) to the party, he ____________ (drink) too much beer.
12. If Michael ___________ (drink) too much beer, he ___________ (need) a ride home.
13. If Michael ___________ (need) a ride home, he _________ (have to) stay until the
end of the party.
14. If Michael ___________ (stay) until the end of the party, he __________ (get) home
very late.
15. If Michael __________ (get) home late, he ____________ (go) to bed late.

... And you know what will happen if Michael goes to bed late again!

33
3B Grammar

A. Choose a word or a phrase from the box below to complete the sentences.

will become won’t gain will get will be

eat don’t study will look buy

1. You’ll pay higher insurance if you _______ a sports car.

2. If people don’t protect the elephants, they ___________ extinct.

3. She ____________ completely different if she cuts her hair.

4. If you don’t put so much sugar in your drink , you __________ so much weight.

5. You won’t pass the course if you ______________.

6. You ____________heart disease if you eat too much meat.

7. If you _________ an apple every day, you’ll be very healthy.

8. If you don’t hurry, you ______________ late.

B. Complete the following sentences with the first conditional.

1. She _______________ (let) the kids play inside the house if they ______________ (not / make)
too much noise.

2. The bee _______________ (sting) you if you _____________ (move).

3. If it ______________ (not / be) hot tomorrow, we _______________ (not / go) to the beach.

4. He _____________ (forgive) you if you ___________ (say) you’re sorry.

5. The bank ___________ (not / lend) you money if you _____________ (not / have) a good job.

6. If you ___________ (not / make) your bed, you ____________ (not / go) to the party tonight.

7. If they __________ (not / stop) smoking, they ___________ (get) sick.

8. If you __________ (not / set) your alarm clock, you ___________ (not / wake) up on time.

9. If you __________ (water) the plants, they __________ (grow) beautifully.

10. If we __________(not / hurry), we __________ (miss) the train.

34
 3C Communication

Consequences
A. Find four consequences to these possible situations.

Paula is afraid of snakes. 1

1. If she sees a snake, she _____________________
__________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
__________________________________________
3. __________________________________________
__________________________________________
4. _________________________________________
__________________________________________

“ I hope Paula doesn’t see a snake!”

2 Karol is interested in sports.

1. If Karol __________________________________
__________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
__________________________________________
3. __________________________________________
__________________________________________
4. _________________________________________
__________________________________________

B. Talk about possible consequences using these pictures below.

35
 Touring

4A Warm up
A. Complete the travel ads with the correct phrases from the box.

-buy handicrafts -listen to live music -speak a foreign language

-go to clubs -try local food -visit landmarks

European Vacation
Can you 1________________
______________________? If you speak French, Spanish,
or Portuguese, this is the vacation for you! Visit France,
2
Spain, and Portugal. ______________________ like the Eiffel
Tower in France and famous museums in Spain, or stay near the ocean
in Portugal.

Miami Dream
The weather is wonderful in Miami for most of the year.
Visit beaches during the day.
At night 3 ________________ to dance! There are also
many places to 4 _______________________________
You can go to a concert or listen to free music in the parks
or even in the beach.

Seoul Markets
Do you like shopping? Tour Seoul Markets. Namdaemun
is the largest market in Seoul, and it sells many different
5
things. You can ________________________________,
6
like bags and jewlery. You can even ________________
_________ while you are shopping at the market or take
some home to cook.

36
 4B Grammar

Film Review

A. Read the two film reviews and underline all the examples of verb + gerund or verb + preposition
+ gerund

Dance for life Ski fun!

A young girl loves dancing and she dreams of being If you feel like laughing this comedy with Chuck
a famous dancer. She keeps entering competitions Harris and Nora Taylor is perfect for you. The film
but she never wins. Even though she hates losing follows the two teenagers as they try skiing for
she doesn’t stop dancing until she finally wins one. the first time and risk breaking more than just
The story shows her determination and also how their legs. Both actors are good at making you
her mother never stops believing in her. Avoid laugh even if you don’t usually like this kind of
watching this film if you don’t like crying. film.

B. Write your own film review. Use gerunds.

____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

C. Use your own ideas to complete these sentences. Use –ing.

1. Helen is a very friendly woman. I always enjoy _talking to her_______________________________.
2. The weather is sunny, so I suggest ___________________________________________________.
3. I want to get in shape, so I avoid _____________________________________________________.
4. My mother is interested in ____________________________ since tomorrow is my sister's birthday.
5. I'm concerned about ______________________________________________________________.
6. _____________________________ make me feel comfortable.

37
 4C Communication

Travel preferences

Look at he chart. Then, complete the sentences.

NAME TRAVEL ACTIVITY OPINION PREFERENCE

Kate travel by bus slow go by train

Diego drive a car dangerous ride a bike

Donna and Nicole visit landmarks boring see wildlife

Tom go to clubs not fun go to concerts

Ian and Meg travel by plane expensive stay home

Libby learn Chinese difficult study Spanish

1. Kate thinks traveling by bus is slow. She prefers going by train.

2. Diego thinks ___________________________________. He _________________________________
3. Donna and Nicole think ________________________________. They _________________________
4. Tom thinks ____________________________________. He _________________________________
5. Ian and Meg ___________________________________. They _______________________________
6. Libby _________________________________________. She ________________________________

38
Irregular verbs list

Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle

be was / were been

beat beat beaten
become became become
begin began begun
blow blew blown
break broke broken
bring brought brought
build built built
buy bought bought
can could been able to
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
come came come
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
dig dug dug
do did done
draw drew drawn
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
freeze froze frozen
fight fought fought
find found found
fly flew flown
forget forgot forgotten
get got gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
know knew known

39
Irregular verbs list

Infinitive Simple Past Past Participle

leave left left

lend lent lent
light lit lit
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
pay paid paid
put put put
read read read
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
run ran run
say said said
see saw seen
sell sold sold
send sent sent
shake shook shaken
shine shone shone
shoot shot shot
show showed shown
sing sang sung
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
sting stung stung
swim swam swum
take took taken
teach taught taught
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
understand understood understood
wake woke woken
wear wore worn
win won won
write wrote written

40