Lab 03

This document provides an introduction to programming in C++. It discusses the basic components of a C++ program including preprocessor directives, main functions, statements, data types, variables, and arithmetic operations. It also provides 4 exercises for students to write simple C++ programs that perform mathematical operations, input and output variables, and solve expressions. The rubric assesses students' ability to write and interpret C++ code on a scale of 2 to 10 points.

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Lab 03

Uploaded by

RanaAhmad

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LAB 03 Programing

LAB 03
Lab-4
Introduction to Programming
OBJECTIVE:

To understand basics of programming in C++ .

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:

• Laptop
• Computer

TOOLS REQUIRED:

• DEV - C++

Theory & Procedure:

• Language Processors o Compiler—translates C++ source code to machine code. o Linker—

combines the compiler-generated machine code with precompiled library code or compiled code
from other sources to make a complete executable program. o Preprocessor—adds to or modifies
the contents of the source file before the compiler begins processing the code.
• Programming Techniques o Structure Programming o Sequential Structure o Conditional
Structure o Iterative Structure o Function Call
• Main Function o #include <iostream>
This line is a preprocessing directive. All preprocessing directives within C++ source
code begin with a # symbol. This one directs the preprocessor to add some predefined
source code to our existing source code before the compiler begins to process it.

o int main()

This specifies the real beginning of our program. Here we are declaring a function named
main. All C++ programs must contain this function to be executable.

• C++ Statements

The statements of the program are written in curly braces. The curly brace {is called opening brace and}
is called closing brace. The braces are known as delimiters. These statements are collectively known as
body of a program.

#include <iostream>

Computer System and Programing Page 1

LAB 03 Programing

using namespace std;

int main() {
cout << "This is a simple C++ program!" <<
endl;
}

Following are the building blocks that are used to build a C++ Program:

• numeric values
• variables
• declarations
• assignment
• identifiers
• reserved words

Data Types:
int: this key word is used to store integer values. It takes 2 to 4 bytes in memory float:
it is used to store real values. It takes 4 bytes in memory. char: it is used to store
character value. It takes 1 byte in memory.

Syntax:
int varname; int: C++
Keyword varname: Variable
identifier

; : Statement terminator

Variable declaration: the process of specifying variable name and its data type is called variable
declaration

Example of variable
declaration:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
int x;

Variable Initialization: the process of assigning a value to a variable at the time of declaration is known as
variable initialization